Japan
Type: single-engine fighter
Crew: one pilot
Apart from the initial surprise of the attack on Pearl Harbor in the early morning of December 7, 1941, perhaps the greatest shock to American forces in the Pacific was the outstanding performance of the Imperial Japanese Navy's flagship carrier-based fighter, the A6M2 Zero-Sen. Sen) (Mitsubishi), which had excellent proportions. It was fast and maneuverable, armed with two 20 mm cannons and two 7.7 mm machine guns and had an incredible range of 3,088 km when using a jettisonable ventral fuel tank.
The plane was completely missed by British and US intelligence in the months leading up to the attack on Pearl Harbor. The Zero traces its origins to a 1937 requirement by the Imperial Navy Headquarters for a new aircraft to replace the A5M, then the fleet's primary fighter. Work proceeded without delay and the first prototype flew on 1 April 1939, with the first fighters entering service the following year. Some 10,500 Zero fighters were built in no less than eight different versions, and although they were outperformed by more powerful US fighters beginning in late 1943, the Zeros retained some combat capability due to their weight. By the end of 1944, most Japanese squadrons were forced to fly from land bases as the once proud carrier fleet was sunk.
Finally, in a desperate attempt, scores of Zeros were hastily converted into "flying bombs" and flown under the control of kamikaze pilots to attack the vast invasion naval forces in the Philippines, Iwo Jima and Okinawa. Today in the United States, two copies of this aircraft are maintained in airworthy condition, while several more aircraft are being restored for flight.
This plane was once one of the symbols of World War II. He belonged to the fighter aviation of the Japanese fleet. The new machine was intended to replace the A5m fighters in the future. Moreover, it should have surpassed previous analogues in speed, but in this case would not have been inferior in maneuverability.
The aircraft is deck-based and, naturally, must have good takeoff and landing characteristics. This is especially true for flight range. For the first time in Japanese practice, this aircraft was armed with cannons (20 millimeters) and a pair of machine guns.
The aircraft was developed by aircraft designer Horikoshi. The most important component of such an aircraft is its engine. The fighter received a closed cockpit and improved aerodynamics. The first type of aircraft was tested in 1939.
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pYUANRSH ON DNBNDYE yu6l OPNUNDHKH B NAYARYUMNBYE YAHKEMNTSN DYUBKEMKH YAN YARNPNMSH YNLYUMDNBYUMKH YUBHYUZHNMMSHU VYUYAREI - YAKSUKH N ONRPYAYUCHYKH KERMSH YUVEYARBUU MNB NTsN KHYARPEAHREK, OPNUNDIYETSN HYAOSHRYUMKH B NOOOYULE, ASHIARPN PUYAOPNYARPYUMKHYAE YAPEDH YUBKHYURNPNB. nYANAN GYURPEANBUMMNI ASHKYU ANKEYU DUKEMNYARE ONKERYU - BEDE yu5l NAKYUDYUK BEYAELYU MEANKEHL GUOYUYANL RNOXBYU H ME LNTs YANOPNBNFDURE ANLAYUPDHPNBYKHYH B DUKEMKHU PEIDYUU. “LUYAKYU B NTsNME” DNAYUBKKKH PYUDSFMSHE NRGSHBSH OKHKNRNB-HYAOSHRYUREKEY KH YNYSRYU “INYNYASYU”. x UNR YAOEZHHYUKHYARSH "LKHZSAKHYAH" MYYARYUKHBYUKH MU MENAUNDHLNYARH DUKEMEYEI DNBNDYKH "peiyaemyu", SFE 21 KhChK 1940 Ts. Kom. NRPЪD SYNLOKEIRNBYUKH OHKNRYULH HG YNYSRYU "INYNYASYU", YU BNGTSKYUBKHK ETSN rYULNZHS INYNYLYU. b yKHRYUE NRPЪD BNYEK B YANYARYUB 12-TSN PEMTSN YNYSRYU (12-Ъ NAZEDKHMEMMYU YUBHYUTSPSOOYU). oYUPYUKKEKEMN DPSTSKHE YAYULNKERSH OPEDAEPKHIMNI OYUPRHH OPNUNDHKH HYAOSHRYUMKH MU ANPRS YUBHYUMNYAZHYU "YUTSYU". ONYAKE SYAOEMNTSN HU GYUBEPYEMKH YAYULNKER OPHMKKH MU BNNPSFEMKHE YUY "LNPYAYNI RHO MNKE OYUKSAMSHY HYARPEAHREKE LNDEKE 11" (yu6l2 LNDEKE 11) - "peI-YAHYH yYUMDGN YaEMRNYH ", HKKH FE YNPNRYN "PEIYAYEM" (YANTSKYUYAMN YLEPHYUMYAYNI MNLEMYKYURSPE, YAYULNKER ONKSVHK KHL "GAY" - NR AKHAKEIAYNTSN KHLEMKH HEGEYHKHKH, MN VYUYE BIAETSN HYAONKEGNBYUKNYAE NANGMYUVEMHE “gePN” - “MNKE”). DEBRYU KHYARPEAHREKEY, HYAOSHRSHBYUBKHYA MU "YUTSIU", RÜYFE BAYNPE NRASHKYU B UYUMEINS DK SYAKHKEMKH 12-TsN PEMTSN YNYSRYU. oEPBSHL KHRNTsNL HYAOSHRYUMKHI B ONKEBSHU SYAKNBKHU YARYUKN PEYEMKHE OPNAKELSH I NUKYUFDEMHEL LNRNPYU - MU ZHKKHMDPUU OEPBNTSN PJDU SYARYUMNBHKH FEYARMSHE DETKEIRNPSH, MUOPYU BKYCHYKHE YARPSKH BNGDSUYU Y ZHKHKHMDPYUL BRNPNTSN PJDU. b DUKEMEYEL ONDNAMSH SYARPNIYARBU SYARYUMYUBKHBUKH MU BYAEU YAEPHIMSHU “gePN”. MN BNR DPSTSYU OPNAKELYU, YNRNPYU BYAYPSHKYUYAE B TPNMRNBSHU SYAKNBKHU, RYU H NYARYUKYUYAE MEPEYEMMNI - VUYARNE GUYKKHMHBYUMHE YAKHYARELSH YAAPNYYU ONDTCHGEKFMNTSN RNOKKHBM NCN AYUYU. xG-GYU SHRNTSN ЪONMYAIKHL HYARPEAHREKL KHMNTsDU OPHUNDHKNYAE BYARSOYURE B ANI I "AYUKKYUYARNL" OND TCHGEKFEL, NRMCHDE ME NAKYUTSNPYUFKHBUBYEL YUSCHPNDHMYULHYS YAYULNKERYU. b NAYEI YAKNFMNYARH ONYARPNHKH 64 YAYULNKERYU yu6l2 LNDEKE 11 I YAEPHIMSHLH MNLEPYULH NR 3 DN 67. rYUYHL NAPUGNL, NANGMYUVEMHE yu6l1 MEYAKH RNKEIN RPH LYUHMSH - DBY OPNRNR KHOYU X OEPBSHI OPEDYEPHIMSHI YAYULNKER.
oEPBSHE YABEDEMKH N MNBNL "YASOEPKHYARPEAHREKE", OPNMKHYKHE B EBPNOS KH YULEPHYS, ASHKKH DNBNKEMN RSLYUMMSH KH OPNRKHBNPEVKHBSH. I NDMNI YARNPNMSH, ETSN YASYYYARBNBYUMKHE NRLEVYUKH B PUONPRYUU LMNTSKHE MYUACCHDUREKH, B R.V. ONKYNBMHY yKEP sch. VEMMNKR - B RN BPEL YANBERMKHY VYUM yYuI-uh, Yu BONYAKEDYARBHH TSEMEPYUK H YNLYUMDHP YLEPHYUMYAYNI DNAPNBNKEVEYAYNI YUBHYUTSPSOOSH AVG - GMYULEMHRSHU "KERYUCHYKHU RKHTsPNB". I DPSTSNI YARNPNMSH, KH YANNAYEMKHL ME OPKHDUBUKH NYANANTSN GMYUVEMH, Y RNLS FE KHMREPOPERKHPS KH YANNAPUGMN I REISYKHL ONKHRHVEYAYKHL LNLEMRNL. nyanaemmn "NRKHVHKHYAE" OPH ShchRNL KhGNKIZHNMHYARSH, BEYAEL BKKH'REKEMSHE B HYAREAKHLEMRE yayu. oSHRYUYAE ME DNOSYARKHRE SBEKKHVEMKH BNEMMSHU PUYAUNDNB, NMH PUYAOPNYARPYUMKKH LMEMKHE, VRN-DE UBYUKEMSHI KHYARPEAHREKE - BYAETSN KKHE "OHPYURYAYU YNOKH" EBPNOIAYKHU LYU LHM. MUDN YAYUGYURE, RNLS ASHKH BYE NYAMNBYUMH - YAPEDH NYARYURYNB MELMNTSNVHYAKEMMSHU YAAHRSHU "GEPN" YAOKNYE H PUDNL ONYUDYUKHYAE KKHZHEMGKHNMMSHE XKH YAYNOKHPNBYUMMSHE SGKSH : BKHMR "tsYULKHKERNM-yaRYUMDUPR", YUYAYAH "aEMDHYA", ONYPSHYH "oYUKLEP", ANPRNBSHE OPKHANPSH "yaOEPPKH", "oYINMHP" X “yNKKYALEM”, OSYKH “schPKKHYNM”, OSKELERSH “bKHYYEPYA”... YABNI BYKYUD B MEDNNZHEMIS MNBNTSN YYULNKERYU BMEYA KH TUYR YANGDYUMKH K X BMEDPEMKH B OPNKHGBNDYARBN B yayu OEPBNYKYUYAMSHU HYARP EAKHREKEY MNBNTsN ONYNKEMKH - “kYUIRMKHMTS”, “yNPYYUP”, “lSYARYUMTS”.
I DPSTSNI YARNPNMSH, MENYAONPHLNE OPEHLSYEYARBN "GEPN" B BNGDSMSHU ANYU B YHRYUE H ETSN BSHYANYKHE KERMN-RUYRHVEYAYHE YUYUPYYREPHYARKHYKH ONDEYARBNBUKH SIAONYUKHBUCHYE MU Kommersant ONMYAYKHU BNEMMSHU. yATNPLHPNBYUKNYAE LMEMKHE, VRN AKYUTSNDYUP SHRNLS KHYARPEAHREKCH ЪONMYAYU YUBKHYUZHKH YAONYANAMYU GUBNEBURE OPNVMNE TSNYAONDYARBN B BNGDSUE. YaVKHRYUKNYAE, VRN NDHM “peIYAYEM” YARNHR NR DBSU DN ORRKH BPYUFEYAYKHU YAYULNKERNB. ONDNAMSH PUYAVERSH ASHKKH NYNAEMMN BYUFMSH BBHDS TSNRNBKHBEIYA BNIMSH OPNRKHB INEDKHMEMMSHU YURRNB - RPEGBNLSHYAKYKHE OPEDYARYUBKHREKH BNEMMN-ONKHRKHVEYAYNTSN PSYNBNDYARBU ъONМХХ OPEYPYUYAMN NYANGMYUBYUKH SHYNMNLHVEYAYNE OPEBNYUNDYARBN yayu. yYUL YUDLKHPYUK LYULNRN YAVKHRYUK, VRN ъONMHЪ KKHHRYA YUMYANB MU ONAEDS MYUD yayu B YAKSVUE, EYAKKH BNYU OPNDKHRYA DNAEE ONKSTSNDYU. ONSHRNLS DK SYAOYU B ASDSYEI BNIME YARPYUME BNYAUNDYETSN YANKMZHYU YPYUIME MENAUNDHLN ASHKN PUYAONKYUTSURE YUVEYARBEMMSH OPEHLSYEYARBNL B BNEMMNI REUMHYE. YYUGYUKNYAE ASH, "GEPN" ONKMNYARECH NRBEVYUK SHCHRHL RPEANBYUMKHOL. MN BSHYANYKHE YUVEYARBU "peiyaemyu" YASHTSPYUKH PNYNBSCH PNKE DK ЪONMYAINI LNPYAYNI YUBHYUZHHH - YAOEZHYUKHYARSH yYUKHTsSM yNYS UNLAS "OPNGEBYUKH" LNLEMR, YNTsDU YAKEDNBYUKN A SH HMKHZHKHPNBURE MYUVYUKN PUANR MYUD OPEELMHYNL yu6l. YADEKURE SHRN YAKEDNBUKN ASH EY╦ B 1941 Ts., MN BNEMMSHE ONOPNYARS ME BEPKKH, VRN RYUNI OPEYPUYAMSHI YAYULNKER ASHYARPN SYARYUPEER (HKH FE - VRN BNIMY OPNDKHRYA DNAEYE, VEL YARYU MER MENAUNDHLNI GYULEMYU "peIYAYEMYU").
YYUY KHGBEYARMN, KhDEYUKEMNI LYUHMSH ME ASHBUER - DUFE B YUFSYELYA BEPUNL YANBEPEMYARBU YAYULNKERE B OPNZHEAYAYE SHYAOXYURYUZHHH BSHBBKCHRYA MEINRNPSHE MEDNYARYURYKH. rYUY YAKSVHKNYAE X I "gEPN". oEPBSHL DEKN ONRPEAANBUKNYAE SYAKHKHRE GYUDMKHI KNMFEPNM YPSHKYU, VRN H YADEKYUKH, MYUVKHMYU I 22-TSN SHYGELOKPYU. I 37-I LYUKHMSH KHGLEMHKH PUYAONKNFEMKHE BSHUKNOMSHU OYURPSAINB - PUMEYE NMH BSHUNDHKH B PUINME VERBEPRNI YARBNPYKH, PETSKKHPSCHYEI NUKYUFDEMKHE DBKHTSYUREK, YU REOEPE - B PUINME ORNI . sLEMEHKH YAEVEMKHE ONPRNB DK OSEY B YPSHKE, YU RUYFE NRBEPYARKH OPHRNYU BNGDSUYU DK BEMRHKJHH YYUAKHMSH, PUYAONKNFEMNTSN S OEPEDMEI YPNLYH OPYUBNI YNMYANKH YPSHKYU. I 47-CN YYULNKERYU MEYAINKEIN KHGLEMHKKH NYAREIKEMKHE GYUDMEI VYUARKH TNMYUP YYUAKHMSH.
sFE SONLKHMYUBKHEYA HYAOSHRYUMKH MU ANPRS YUBKHYUMNYAZHYU "YYUTSYU" ONYUGYUKH, VRN UNR "GEPN" MNPLYUKEMN PYUGLEYUERYA MU YARYUMDYUPRMNL YYULNKERNONDZELMKHYE, GYUGNP LEFDS Y PNLYNI ETSN KCHYU X GUYNMZHNBYNI YPSHKYU YAKKHYNL LUK DK AEGNOYUYAMNTSN OEPELEYEMH YYULNKERYU HG YUMTSYUPYU MU ONKERMSCH OYUKSAS X NAPIURMN. b OPKHMZHHOE, B SYAKNBKHU HYAOSHRYUMKHI OEPYANMYUK SYAOEMN YAOPIUBKKYA I SCHRNI OPNAKELNI, RNVMN BSHYARYUBKYYULNKER ON NYAEBNI KKHMXX YAYULNKERNONDZELMKHYU, MN BNR YUY ASDER NAYARNERE DEKN B TsNPVYE AN? ONSHRNLS ASHKN PEYEMN YADEKURE GUYNMZHNBYKH YPSHKYU YAYKYUDSHBUCHYHLHYA (BPSVMSCH). ONOSRMN BMEYAKKH DPSTSKHE LEKYKHE SYANBEPEMYARBNBUMHYU, B NVEPEDMNI PYUG KHGLEMKHB YEVEMKHE OSEVMSHU ONPRNB KH BNGDSUNGYUANPMKHYU BEMRKHKJHHH YUAKHMSH. RYU ONЪBHKYUYAE LNDKHTHYUZHH yu6l2 LNDEKE 21. mu MEI YAN 127-TSN SHYGELOKYU BMEDPKHKH AYUKYUMYAHP SCHKEPNMNB, PETSKKHPSELSHI MU GELKE - RNKVYNL Y SHRNLS YARUKYU Y YURYUYARPNTY NDMNTsN HG YAYULNKERNB 17 YOOPEK 1941 Ts., ONBKEYYU TsHAEKE OHKNRYU YNYSRYU "INYNYASYU" KEIREMYUMRYU YAHLNYYUBSH, OPHVKHMNI YNRNPNI YARUKYU BKHAPUZHKH YNMYARPSYZHHH. lNDEKE 21 YARYUKYU OEPBSHL BYUPKHYUMMRNL "GEPN", YARPNHBKHLYA ME RNKEIN MU "LKHZSAKHYAH" - I MNAP 1940 Ts. SLE. b NAYEI YAKNFMNYARKH, B REVEMKHE DBSU KER "lKHZSAKHYAH" ONYARPNHKYU 740 YAYULNKERNB yu6l2 LNDEKE 21, Yu "muYYUDGKHLYU" - NYNKN 800. hLEMMN MU "muYYUDGHLE" ASHK YANGDYUM NDHM HG M YUKHANKEE KHMREPEYAMSHU BYUPKHYUMRNB "gePN" - ONOKYUBYNBSHI TKHDPNYALNKER-HYARPEAHREKE.
yNTsDYU B MYUVYUKE 1941 Ts. YARYUKN YYAMN, VRN BNNPSFEMMNE YARNKYMNBEMHE I YANEDHMEMMSHLH URYURYULH ME GYU TsNPYULH, KH PYUGPYUANRVKHY, KH SHYAOXYURYUMR "GEPN" YANKHYAE MY LSHYAK X N MENAUNDHLNYARKH LNDEPMHGYUZHHH YYULNKERYU. oPH SCHRNL ME YARYUBHKYUYAE GYUDYUVU OH SYAHKEMKHCH NTSMEBNI LNYKH KKH SKSVIEMKHCH LYUMEBPEMMNYARKH - SHCHRKH UYUPYUREPHYARKHYKH YANVREMSH BONKME OPHELKELSHLH. yu BNR YAYNPNYARMSHE YUVEYARBU YAYULNKERYU FEKYUREKEMN ASHKN ASH SKSVHRE. I SHCHRNI ZHEKECH MU YAYULNKER SYARYUMNBHKH MNBSC LNDKHTHYUZHKH DBKHTTSUREK "muYYUDGHLYU" - "YAYUYYUE 21", NRKKHVYUCHYCHYASCHYA NR OPEDEYARBEMMKHYU DBSUYARSOEMVURSHL LEUUMHVEYAYHL MU TSMERYUREKEL BLEYARN NDMNYARSOEMVURNTSN, SYANBEPEMYARBNBUMMSHL PEDSYRNPNL X MNBSHL YUPACHPURNPNL I BNYAUNDYYHL ONRNNYNL. LMNNYARE LNRNPYU BNGPNYAKYU DN 1130 K.Ya., SKSVIHKHYAE ETSN BSHYANRMSHE UYUPYUREPHYARKHYKH, MN SBEKHVHKYAKH ETSN BEYA. dKЪ RNTS, VRNASH UNRE VYUYARKHVMN YNLOEMYAKHPNBURE BNGPNYASCH LYUYAAS, ELINYARE TCHGEKFMNTSN RNOKHBMNTsN AYUYU SLEMEHKH I 98 DN 60 KHRPNB. yaSYYEYARBEMMN HGLEMHKHYAE NVEPRYUMH YUONRYU. ONYAINKEYS BNGDSUNGYUANPMKHY MYUTSMERYUREK MYUNDHKYA MYUD DBKHTSYUREKEL, RN YUONR RUYFE ONDMKKH RYUY, VRN NM GYUPSHK NRBEPYARKH DK OSKELERNB. OPHKNYAE DEKURE B YUONRE YUYUPYUREPMSHE YUMYUKSH, ONGBNKHBHE OSKELERYUL YARPEKRE YUY OPEFDE. sYARYUMNBHKH RUYFE BCMR-YUBRNLYUR SBEKHVEMMNTSN DN 3.05 L DHYULERPYU, YU MYUVHMYYU I 4-TSN SHYGELOKPYU MNBNI LNDKHTHYUZHHH ANEINLOKEIR Y OSYUL SBEKHVHKH I 60 DN 10 0 YAMYUPJDNB MU YARBNK. yYUY X PYUMEE, ANEINLOKEIR PYUGLEYYUKYA B AYUPYUAYUME, MN DHYULERP ETSN SBEKHVHKH. ONYAINKEYS MNBSHI AYUPYUAYUM BSHYARSOYUK GYU NVEPRYUMKH YPSHKYU, ETSN OPKHKNYAE GYUPSHRE NAREYUREKEL. sLEMEHKKH PYUGLYU SCHKEPNMNB, VRN ONGBNKHKN NRYUGYUREYA NR YAKNFMNI DBSUYARSOEMVURNI YAKHYARELSH SOYUBKEMKH KHLH.
oEPBSH LYUKHMSH I LNRNPNL "YAYUYYUE 21" ASHKKH TSNRNBSH B KHCHME 1941 Ts. KERMSHE HYAOSHRYUMKH ONYUGYUKH, VRN UYUPYUREPHYARKHYKH YAYULNKERYU BNGPNYAKKH B LEMEYEI YAREOEMKH, VEL NFKHDU KNEA. nDMNBPELEMMN MYUVYUKH ONYARSOYURE PUONPRSH HG YARPNEBSHU VYUYAREI I OPEDKNFEMHLH NRYUGYUREYA NR LEUUMHGLYU YAYKYUDSHBYUMKH YPSHKYU. b RYYNI YAHRSYUZHHH YNMYARPSYRNPSH PEHKH "SAKHRE DBSU GYUIZHEB." gYYNMZHNBYKH YPSHKYU ASHKKH OPNYARN "NAPEGYUMSH" ON KKHMXX YAYKYUDSHBYUMKH. AKYUTSNDYUP SHRNLS, NRYUGYUKHYAE NR NONYARSHKEBYETSN LEUUMKHGLYU YAYKYUDSHBYUMKH, YU YAYNPNYARE BNGPNYAKYU OPHLEPMN MU 3 YL/V. oPUBDU, SLEMEYEMKHE OKNYYUDH YPSHKYU ONVRKH MU YBYUDPYURMSHI LERP (I 22.44 DN 21.53 L2) OPHBEKN Y MEINRNPNLS SUSDYEMHCH LYUMEBPEMMNYARKH, MN GURN BNGPNYAKYU YAYNPNONDZEL MNYARE - 6000 L MYUAKHPYUKNYAE REOEPE GYU 7 LHM 19 I BLEYARN 7 LHM 27 Ya. b RUYNL BHDE YAYULNKER OPKHMЪKKH MU BNNPSFEMKHE OND NANGMYUVEMHEL yu6l3 LNDEKE 32. ndMUYN, HG-GYU OPNAKEL I DNBNDYNI LNRNPYU "YAYUYUE 21" BSHOSYAY LNDEKKH 32 MYUVYUKYA KKHE B KHCHE 1942 Ts. BYAETSN ASH KN KHCTSNRNBKEMN 343 RYUKHU YAYULNKERYU.
th LNLEMRS ONYARSOKEMKH YAYULNKERNB LNDEKKH 32 B VYUYARKH, YUBKHYUZHKH hloepyURNPAYNTsN TKNRYU BEKYU MUOPFEMMSHE ANKH DUKANE NR LERPNONKKH - MYUD YANKNLNMNBSHLH NYARPNBYULH. ONREP MEYAYNKEIKHU YUBKHYUMNYAZHEB B AKHRBE S lKhDSSHCHH NRYASRYARBKHE B PUINME ANEBSHU DEYARBKHI PUGBHRNI YUSCHPNDPNLMNI YAERKH NYARPN ONYARYUBHKH BNOPNYA ON SBEKHVEMXX DUKEMNYARKH ONKER Yu "gEPN". I SCHRNI ZHEKECH ASHKYU YANGDUMYU MNBU LNDKHTHYUZHKH — yu6l3 LNDEKE 22. mu MEI ONЪBHKNYAE DBU DNONKMHREKEMSHU RNOKKHBMSHU AYUYU ELINYARECH ON 45 K, PUGLEYEMMSHU B YPSHKE B PUINME NPSFEIMSHU NRYAYENB. dKЪ RNTsN, VRNASH BNGPNYAKHI BEYA ME YAKKHYNL SUSDDHK LYUMEBPEMMNYARE, OPKHKNYAE BEPMSRAYYY SDKHMEMMSHL (YAYKYUDSHBUELSHL) GYYNMZHNBYUL YPSHKYU. TKhPLNI "lKHZSAKHYAH" BSHOSYEMN 560 LYUHM LNDEKH 22, B VHYAKN YNRNPSHU BNKN KH MEINRNNPNE YNKHVEYARBN YYULNKERNB LNDEKH 22YU (22YN). tsKYUBMSHL E╦ NRKHVHEL ASHKN OPHLEMEMHE BLEYARN YARYUMDYUPRMSHU AXIS RHO 99 LNDEKE 1 — AXIS RHO 99 LNDEKE 2 I SDKHMEMMSHL YARBNKNL. yYUY LHMHLSL RPH YAYULNKERYU B NOSHRMNL ONP'DYE BNNPSFHKH MNBSHHLH 30-LL OSYULH, MN B YAEPKHCH RYUNI BYUPHYUMR ME ONYEK - YNMYARPSYZHKH yu6l3 NYUGYUKYUYAE YAKHYNL "ME" FMNI", VRNASH BSHDEPHBURE NRDYUVS SHCHRKHU NSSDHI. RUYFE ME ONEK B YAEPKHCH BYUPHYUMR yu6l4 LNDEKE 32, MU YNRNPNL OPHLEMHKKH DBKHTSUREKE I RSPAINLOPEYANNPNL. ONYARPNHKH BYAETSN DBYU NOSHRMSHU SHYGELOKYU, GUREL NROPYUBKEMMSHE MU 1-I REUMHVEYAYKHI YUPYAYEMYUK TKNRYU. DYUKEMEYYU HU YASDEAYU MEHGBEYARMYU. bNNAYE, yu6l4 ЪБКЪРЯКЪ NDMNI KhG MYUKHANKEE GYUTSUDNVMSHU LNDKHTKHTYYUZHHI "GEPN" - YARNHR NRLERHRE, VRN B ONYAKEBNEMMNE BPEL DUFE YAYUL TSKYUBMSHI YNMYARPSYRNP dGKHPN UNP KHYNYAKH ME YALNTS OPHONLMHRE ONDPNAMNNYAREI NRMNYAHREKEMN SHRNTSN BYUPKHYUMRYU.
NAYU BYUPKHYUMRYU yu6l3 - KH LNDEKE 32, KH LNDEKE 22 - YARPNHKYU KH THPLYU "muYYUDGKHLYU", MN YNKHVEYARBN BSHOSYEMMSHU SCHRHL OPEDOPPH'RHEL YAYULNKERNB RNVMN ME SYARYUMNBKEMN.
YNTSDU MNBU LNDKHTKHYUZHKH "GEPN" I "NAPSAKEMMSHLKH" YPSHKELH ONOYUKYU B ONKE GPEMHYANCHGMKHYNB, E╦ ONMYUVYUKS OPKHMЪKKH GYU MNBSHY YAYULNKER, OPKHYABNKHB ELS YNDNBNE ХЛЪ "УШЧО".
MN HLEMMN RYUHL ASHKN OPNGBKHOYE MYUVYUKEMHYU RYUAYU YUPLEIAYNI YUBHYUZHHH yayu TSEMEPUKYU TSEMPKH yuPMNKADYU. TSEMEPYUK CHLNPYU ME NZHEMKHK, KH MUYARNKK MU KHGLEMEMKHKH YNDNBNTSN KHLEMKH MY "USHCHLO". MN BYA SHCHRYU BNGM BNYPSTS KHLEMKH SRPYURKHKYU YALSHYAK ONYAKE RNTSN, YUY B DEYUAPE 1942 . NDHM yu6lg LNDEKE 32 MU mNBNI tsBKHMEE ONOYUK B PSYKH YANCHGMKHYNB, KH YARYUKN YYAMN, VRN SCHRN BYAETSN KKHE NVEPEDMYU LNDKHTHYUZHKHGBEYARMNTSN YAYULNKERYU. BLEYARN "gorge" ASHKN OPEDOKHYUMN SONRPEAKER YND "GAY 32". cru:
| lNDHTHYUZHH | yu6l-1 | yu6l-2 model 21 |
| pYUGLUU YPSHKYU, L | 12.00 | 12.00 |
| dKKhMYu, L | 8.58 | 9.05 |
| bSHYANRYU, L | 3.49 | 3.53 |
| OKNYYUDE YPSHKYU, L2 | 22.44 | 22.44 |
| I love it, JC | ||
| OSYARNTSN YYULNKERYU | 1652 | 1745 |
| MNPLYUKEMYU BGKERMYU | 2343 | 2421 |
| LYUYAHLYUKEMYU BGKERMYU | 2757 | |
| RHO DBKHTSUREK | 1 od Mitsubishi Zuisei 13 | 1 od Nakajima NK1F Sakae 12 |
| lnymnyare, K.Ya. | 1 U 875 | 1 U 950 |
| LYUYAKHLYUKEMYYAINPNYARE, YL/V | 491 | 533 |
| yPEIYEPYAYU YAYNPNYARE , YL/V | 333 | |
| oPUYRHVEYAYU DUKEMNYARE, YL | 3050 | |
| LYUYAKHLYUKEMYYAINNONDZELMNYARE, L/LHM | 800 | |
| oPUYIRKHVEYAYKHI ONRNNKNY, L | 5000 | 10300 |
| ShYKHOYUF, VEK | 1 | 1 |
| DBYU 7.7-LL OSKELERYU "RHO 97" YAHMUPNMMSHE MU TCHGEKEFE KH DBE 20-LL YPSHKEEBSHE OSYH "RHO 99" | ||
| bottom. KhMTNPLYUZHKH: |
| vEPREF «Mitsubishi A6M Zero (1) » VEPREF « | YaANPYU A6M1 |
| YaANPYU A6M1 | |
| YaANPYU A6M1 | |
| A6M2 | |
| A6M2 | |
| A6M2 | |
| A6M2 | |
| A6M2 | |
| A6M2 | |
| A6M2 | |
| A6M3 | |
| A6M3 | |
| A6M3 | |
| A6M3 | |
| A6M3 MY HYAOSHRYUMHYU B yayu | |
| NOSHRMSHI A6M4 | |
| yYUAHMYU OHKNRYU A6M2 |
IWELSH:
| A6M2 Model 21 |
| YNLONMNBNVMYU YAUELYU A6M2 |
| YNLONMNBNVMYU YAUELYU A6M3 |
bYUPHYUMRSH NYPYYAYH:
| A6M2 Model 11 ХГ 203 JNYSRUI |
| A6M2 Model 21 XG 6 YNYSRUI |
| A6M2 Model 21 HG 502 YNYSRUI |
| A6M3 Model 22 HG 251 YNYSRUI |
| A6M3 XG 251 JNYSRUI |
| YaOHYANY HYARNVMKHYNB: |
| YuMDPEI UUPSY. "GEPN" - KSVIKHI OYUKSAMSHY HYARPEAHREKE yPSHKE pNDHMSH. IEPCEI yNKNB. "gEPN" lHZSAKHYAH Aircraft Profile 129. Rene J. Francillon. Mitsubishi A6M2 Zero-Sen bHYRNP aYUYSPAYKHI. "gEPN", "gEPN-YAYEM", "gay" Francillon R. J .Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War FAQs.org.Greg Goebel.Air Vectors. The Mitsubishi A6M Zero (“Zeke”) Monografie Lonticze. A. Jarski, W. Pojdosz. Mitsubishi A6M Zero Bunrin Do. FAotW. Type Zero Carrier Fighter Klassiker der Luftfahrt. Japans Trumpfkarte Avions. M. Ledet, T. Dekker. Cahier Special: Zero sur Rabaul BurinDo. Japanese Military Aircraft Illustrated Warplane History. The Xplanes of Imperial Japanese army and navy 1924-45 |
sTSNKNY MEAYU. 2016
Characteristics
The plane had a power of 940 horsepower. The wingspan is 12 meters, its length is 9 meters, and its height is 3.5 meters. The wing area is 22 square meters. The empty plane weighed 1695 kilograms, the ceiling of the plane was 1 kilometer. Aircraft of this type were used mainly to escort heavy bombers. They were often used in war and flew a large number of combat missions. When the war with the United States began, the Imperial Navy had more than 400 fighters of this type.
In April 1842, an aircraft carrier force carried out a raid and attacked targets in Ceylon. Here the Zeros showed great superiority over all those fighters that opposed them. In this case, the level of pilot training in Japan played a big role. In addition, they participated in the battle of aircraft carriers during the Battle of the Coral Sea. Unfortunately, they did not have time to cover the aircraft carrier Sehu, and American aircraft still sank it, but they ensured the actions of their strike groups. Fighters of this type could always reliably cover their own aircraft carrier.
Sometimes they could act not only as fighters, but also dive like attack aircraft. Still, during the war in 1944, the initiative passed to the Americans. When the battles took place over the islands, many carrier-based aircraft pilots died here. The Japanese carrier fleet had lost its former strength, and Zero fighters took little part in air battles. Here we can add that such aircraft often participated as kamikaze aircraft. It is safe to say that at this time such an aircraft was outstanding. It had a huge flight range.
For example, if the Messerschmitt 109 had a combat turning radius the same as that of the Zero, then the Battle of Britain could have been completely different. In this case, Germany would be able to completely control the airspace over Britain.
We can talk about some of the weak points of this aircraft. It had a small engine that did not have the reserve to increase the power much more. It should also be said that the work on the aircraft was carried out by the design bureau. They worked for a long time on the design of the airframe.
The Japanese have always followed the direction of technology development in the global aircraft industry. Much attention was paid to weapons. Here, some developers understood that in order to destroy enemy aircraft, Zero needed to have heavy weapons. All this was due to the fact that the potential enemy’s vehicles had a large margin of safety. That is why Swiss Oerlikon cannons were installed on the plane. At that time, such guns were common in Europe.
The Japanese were able to notice that the gun had a low initial projectile velocity, but the gun was light and had small dimensions. It could be installed under low profile wings without any problems. Simply put, it became the main armament of Japanese aircraft. When the machine was presented in finished form, many opponents immediately appeared regarding the design of the aircraft.
There has been some serious controversy surrounding this aircraft. Some talked about such a disadvantage as the closed cockpit, it can limit the visibility for the pilot. One of the military leaders defended the aircraft and stated that its main advantage was its good maneuverability. In this case, it is even possible to abandon heavy weapons; besides, the range of action was also limited; they could not accompany the bombers. The Chinese took advantage of this and did whatever they wanted with the Japanese bombers. Another important characteristic of the fighter was its maximum speed.
In this case, he always had the advantage of imposing his battle tactics on the enemy. If the pilot is well trained to fly such an aircraft, then he can defeat the enemy. This can happen even when the enemy has an advantage in maneuverability.
There were a lot of contradictions, and there was a threat that the project could be closed. However, the designer Horikoshi himself provided the commission with theoretical calculations, in which he said that the future aircraft would have all the necessary qualities to a sufficient extent.
The plane was assembled at one of the Mitsubishi factories. It was tested for a long time, and only after that the aircraft was accepted into the Japanese fleet. Many pilots spoke positively about this aircraft. It performed well in combat, and all efforts were aimed at increasing the production of these aircraft.
Japanese bombers suffered heavy losses, so they needed protection. This aircraft at that time had no competition in the skies during the war. It was produced by the best airlines. In 1941, Japanese aviation was far superior to its opponents and allies.
To this we can add that some Japanese pilots considered this plane a sword for the samurai. This fighter took part in almost all air battles conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy. Its long range and maneuverability have become almost legendary. Today, this aircraft remains a symbol of Japanese aviation.
