Large anti-submarine ships of Project 61
Large anti-submarine ships (BOD) of the Komsomolets of Ukraine type (project 61) are rightfully considered landmark in the history of world shipbuilding.
They became the world's first serial warships with gas turbine power plants. For the melodious whistle of gas turbines, they were aptly dubbed “singing frigates.” The history of the future “singing frigates” began in 1956, when the designers received the task of designing an anti-aircraft and anti-submarine defense patrol ship (SKR PVO-PLO). The ship was supposed to be the embodiment of the latest achievements of scientific and technological progress. The chief designer of the project, who was assigned the number 61, was shipbuilding engineer B.I. Kupensky.
PROJECT
In our fleet, Project 61 ships until May 1966 belonged to the SKR class, but then were reclassified to BOD. Six units that underwent modernization under the 61M/61 MP project were classified as large missile ships (LMC) in 1977-1980, but then were again returned to the BOD class. Finally, in January 1992, the “singing frigates” remaining in service again became patrol ships. Moreover, in fact, they are closest to destroyers, and it is to this class that they are classified in foreign fleets - in India and Poland.
DESCRIPTION
The Project 61 ship had a steel hull divided into 15 main watertight compartments. In order to reduce displacement and improve stability, the superstructure, masts and pipes were made of aluminum-magnesium alloys. Large V-shaped pipes gave the ship an unusual appearance: their dimensions made it possible to replace the engines through the hatches located in them.
The main trump card of Project 61 is a fundamentally new main power plant (GPP). Two engine rooms each housed one gas turbine gear unit, which included two M8E gas turbine engines operating through a gearbox on one propeller shaft. Compared to steam turbine power plants, the new power plant had an increased power density and did not require time to dilute steam to start.
The BOD's armament was also innovative. For the first time in our fleet, the ship was equipped with two Volna anti-aircraft missile systems (SAM), which were a naval version of the successful S-125 land missile. In addition, there were two twin 76-mm AK-726 artillery mounts, a universal five-tube torpedo tube PTA-53-61 and four rocket launchers (two RBU-6000 and two RBU-1000). In the aft part of the deck there was a platform for the Ka-25 anti-submarine helicopter; To refuel it, a storage facility for aviation kerosene with a capacity of 5 tons and a cellar for anti-submarine torpedoes, depth charges and sonobuoys were provided. The radio equipment included eight radar stations, a Titan all-round hydroacoustic station and a Vychegda fire control station, located in a retractable under-keel fairing.
MODIFICATIONS
The advent of anti-ship missiles (ASM) made it possible to transform the Project 61 BOD from an escort ship into a multi-purpose one, so the last, 20th, “singing frigate” of the series - “Restrained” - was already equipped with the Termit missile system during construction. The ship project was designated 61M. Later, five more BODs were modernized in a similar way (project 61 MP). In addition to strike missiles, the ships of the 61 M/61 MP project were equipped with a new Platina sonar system with under-keel and towed antennas and four 30-mm automatic gun mounts AK-630 instead of two RBU-1000 bomb launchers. In 1975, one of the BOD series - "Provorny" - was modernized according to Project 61E. It became an experimental ship for testing the new generation M-22 Uragan multi-channel air defense system. The latest modernization option - project 01090 - was carried out in 1990-1995 at Smetlivy. Instead of a stern 76-mm gun mount, the ship received an MNK-300 non-acoustic submarine detection system with a 300-meter towed antenna that senses thermal, radiation and noise signals from the submarine. In place of the RBU-1000 bombers, two four-container Uran anti-ship missile launchers were installed. Finally, there is another version of the basic project 61 - export. Its development began in 1974 by order of India. The Project 61ME ship received a semi-recessed helicopter hangar instead of a stern 76-mm gun mount. Container installations of the P-15M Termit anti-ship missiles (export designation P-20) were moved to the bow of the ship. The project turned out to be successful, and India, in addition to the first three “singing frigates” (the lead one is “Rajput”), ordered two more.
Of the 20 ships of the project, one, the Smetlivy, still serves in the Russian fleet to this day. One of the ships in the series, the BOD Brave, was lost. The BOD "Smely" was transferred to Poland in 1988, where it served until December 2003 under the new name "Warsaw". The remaining 17 ships were scrapped.
Project 61 destroyers
Large anti-submarine ships of the “Komsomolets of Ukraine” (project 61) – 20 units.
The world's first large warships with a gas turbine power plant. Until May 19, 1966 they belonged to the TFR class. 6 ships were converted according to project 61-M/61-MP (“Restrained” was completed, and “Ognevoy”, “Slavny”, “Smely”, “Smyshlyny” and “Stroyny” were modernized) and on June 28, 1977, reclassified into large missile ships ships, but on October 14, 1980 they were returned to the BOD class. “Provorny” is re-equipped with the “Uragan” air defense system and new radars (project 61-E). In January 1992, the remaining ships in service again became TFR.
KOMSOMOLETS UKRAINE (until October 9, 1962 - SKR-25, serial number 1701). On September 15, 1959, it was laid down at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev and on November 10, 1959, it was included in the lists of Navy ships, launched on December 31, 1960, entered into service on December 31, 1962, and on November 23, 1964, included in the Black Sea Fleet . 18-25.6.1964 and 26-30.10.1987 paid visits to Split (Yugoslavia), 8-13.5.1970 - to Algeria, 18-22.11.1986. - to Piraeus (Greece), 11/17-21/1987 - to Tunisia and 6/28-2/7/1989 - to Istanbul (Turkey). 5-30.6.1967, being in the war zone, carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt. In the period from May 23, 1977 to August 7, 1979. underwent a major overhaul at Sevmorzavod in Sevastopol, and on June 24, 1991, was disarmed, expelled from the Navy in connection with transfer to the OFI for dismantling and sale, and disbanded on December 31, 1992.
SMART (until March 21, 1963 - SKR-44, serial number 1702). On July 20, 1960, it was laid down at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev and on September 25, 1961, it was included in the lists of Navy ships, launched on November 4, 1961, entered service on December 26, 1963, and on November 23, 1963, it was included in the Black Sea Fleet. . 18-25.6.1964 paid a visit to Split (Yugoslavia), 12-15.8.1967 - to Varna (Bulgaria), 29.1-4.2.1968 - to Kotor and Zelenina (Yugoslavia), 20 - 27.7.1969 - to Havana (Cuba), in May 1974 - to Tunisia and 26 - 30.9.1985 - to Cork (Ireland). 1 -31.6.1967 and 1.1 -31.1 2.1968, being in the war zone, carried out a combat mission to assist the armed forces of Egypt. In the period from October 1, 1976 to November 28, 1978, a major overhaul took place at Sevmorzavod in Sevastopol. On August 6, 1982, it was transferred to the KSF. On October 1, 1988, it was withdrawn from service, mothballed and put into storage, and on July 3, 1992, it was disarmed and expelled from the Navy in connection with its transfer to the OFI for dismantling and sale. On October 23, 1992, it was disbanded and in 1994. sold to a private company in India for cutting into metal. During his service, he wore the Guards Naval Flag, inherited from the EM Project 7-U Black Sea Fleet of the same name.
PROVORY (until October 1, 1964 - SKR-37, serial number 1703). On February 10, 1961, it was laid down at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev and, on March 23, 1962, it was included in the lists of Navy ships, launched on April 11, 1962, entered service on January 25, 1964, and included in the list on January 22, 1965! composition of the Black Sea Fleet. 1 – 31.6.1967, 1.1 – 31.12.1968 and 5 – 24.10.1973, being in the war zone, carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt and Syria. 2 – 7/7/1973 paid a visit to Marseille (France). In the period from 23.3.1974 to 3.4.1975 it was modernized at Sevmorzavod in Sevastopol and on 5.11.1976 assigned to project 61-E, and in the period from 1.2.1977 to 20.11.1978 and from April 1, 1987 to March 21, 1988, it underwent a major overhaul. 21.8.1990 disarmed, expelled from the Navy due to transfer to the OFI for dismantling and sale, and disbanded on December 31, 1990.
OGNEVOY (before October 1, 1964 - SKR-31, serial number 751). 9.5.1962 was laid down at the plant named after A.A. Zhdanov (Northern Shipyard) in Leningrad and on 27.8.1962 was included in the list of Navy ships, launched on 31.5.1963, entered service on 31.12.1964 and 21.1. 1965 included in the KBF. In the period from 5.2.1971 to 12.10.1971 it was modernized in Leningrad according to project 61M, after which it was transferred to the KSF, and in the period from 1.2.1980 to 3.12.1982 it underwent a major overhaul in Kronstadt. 31.10 – 4.11.1975 paid a visit to Lagos (Nigeria) and in February 1985 to Freetown (Sierra Leone). On April 25, 1989, it was disarmed, expelled from the Navy in connection with its transfer to the OFI for dismantling and sale, and disbanded on October 1, 1989.
OBRAZTSOVY (until October 1, 1964 - SKR-2, serial number 752). On July 29, 1963, it was laid down at the A.A. Zhdanov plant (Northern Shipyard) in Leningrad and on January 29, 1964, it was included in the list of Navy ships, launched on February 23, 1964, and entered service on September 29, 1965 and November 2. 1965 included in the DKBF. 21 - 26.6.1967 and 27 - 30.6.1980 visited Gdynia (Poland), 3 - 9.10.1969 - in Rostock and Warnemünde (GDR), 8 - 13.5.1970 - in Cherbourg (France) ), 24 - 29.6.1974 - in Helsinki (Finland), 5 - 9.10.1974 - again in Rostock and 28.5 - 1.6.1976 - in Portsmouth (Great Britain), and in January 1971 he made a business calling at Freetown (Seychelles). 29.6 – 10.7.1970, being in a war zone, carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt. In the period from September 8, 1972 to March 15, 1973. and from April 13, 1977 to November 10, 1984, major repairs took place in Kronstadt and Liepaja. On August 25, 1988, it was again delivered to Liepaja for major repairs, and on June 30, 1993, it was disarmed, expelled from the Navy in connection with its transfer to the OFI for dismantling and sale, and disbanded on February 1, 1994.
GIFTED (serial number 753). On January 22, 1963, it was laid down at the A.A. Zhdanov plant (Northern Shipyard) in Leningrad and on August 12, 1964, it was included in the list of Navy ships, launched on September 11, 1964, commissioned on January 30, 2, 1965, and January 11, 1966 included in the CSF. In the summer - autumn of 1966, he made the transition along the Northern Sea Route from the Kola Bay to Vladivostok and on October 8, 1966 he was transferred to the KTOF. 11/18–23/1976 visited Basra (Iraq), 12/1–5/1976. - in Bandar Abbas (Iran), 20-24.1.1977 - in Maputo (Mozambique), 10 - 14.3.1977 - in Port Louis (Mauritius) and 16 - 19.10.1980 - in Cochin ( India). On July 4, 1987, it was withdrawn from service, mothballed and put into storage, and on April 19, 1990, it was disarmed, expelled from the Navy in connection with its transfer to the OFI for dismantling and sale, and disbanded on August 31, 1990.
BRAVE (until February 17, 1965 - OREL, serial number 1704). On July 3, 1963, she was included in the list of Navy ships and on August 10, 1963, she was laid down at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev, launched on October 1, 1964, entered into service on December 31, 1965, and was included in the composition on January 25, 1965. KChF. 5 – 30.6.1967, being in a war zone, carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt. 10 – 14.7.1967 paid a visit to Port Said (Egypt), 15-19.10.1973 - to Taranto and 19-22.10.1973 - to Messina (Italy). On August 30, 1974, it sank off the coast of Crimea near Sevastopol as a result of a fire in the aft missile magazine and on November 12, 1974, it was expelled from the Navy.
GLORIOUS (serial number 754). On July 9, 1964, she was included in the list of Navy ships and on July 26, 1964, she was laid down at the A.A. Zhdanov plant (Northern Shipyard) in Leningrad, launched on April 24, 1965, commissioned on September 30, 1966 and October 17, 1966 . included in the DKBF. 28 – 29.10.1967, 3 – 9.10.1969 and 23 – 28.10.1 987 paid visits to Rostock (GDR), 17-22.8.1971 - to Copenhagen (Denmark), 11 -15.10. 1985 - to Havana (Cuba), 18-23.7.1987 - to Gdynia and 19-24.7.1988 - to Szczecin (Poland). 14.6-29.7.1972, being in the war zone, carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt and Syria. In the period from December 6, 1973 to December 4, 1975, it was modernized in Leningrad according to project 61-M, on December 15, 1989 it was withdrawn from combat service, mothballed and put into storage, but on February 19, 1991 it was reactivated and reintroduced into service. system, and on June 24, 1991 it was disarmed, expelled from the Navy due to transfer to the OFI for dismantling and sale, and disbanded on December 31, 1991.
SLIM (serial number 1705). On March 20, 1964, it was laid down at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev and on May 24, 1965 it was added to the list of Navy ships, launched on July 28, 1965, entered into service on December 15, 1966, and included in the composition on December 30, 1966. CSF. October 25 – 28, 1969 paid a visit to Reykjavik (Iceland). In the period from 28.5.1 971 to 1 9.2.1972 it underwent a major overhaul, and in the period from 12.28.1975 to 14.7.1981 it was modernized in Nikolaev and on 6.11.1980 assigned to project 61-MP . From January 19, 1990, it was again undergoing major repairs in Murmansk, but on 1/2/1/990 it was disarmed, expelled from the Navy in connection with its transfer to the OFI for dismantling and sale, and on 1/31/1/991 it was disbanded.
STEREGUSCHY (serial number 755), on July 9, 1964, was included in the lists of Navy ships and on July 26, 1964, was laid down at the plant named after A.A. Zhdanov (Northern Shipyard) in Leningrad, launched on February 20, 1966, entered service on December 21, 1966 and was included in the KTOF on January 7, 1967. 1 7 - 24.3.1968 paid a visit to Madras, 3 - 6.4.1968 - to Bombay (India), 1 7 - 24.4.1968 - to Mogadishu (Somalia), 11 - 19.5.1968 - in Umm Qasr and Basra (Iraq), 25.5 - 2.6.1968 - in Karachi (Pakistan), 5 - 9.6.1968 - in Bandar Abbas (Iran), in June 1968 - in Aden (South Yemen) and 6 - 11.7.1968 - in Colombo (Sri Lanka). 31.1 2.1978 withdrawn from combat service, mothballed and put into storage, and on June 30, 1993, disarmed, expelled from the Navy in connection with transfer to the OFI for dismantling and sale, and disbanded on February 11, 1994.
RED CAUCASUS (serial number 1 706). 25.11.1 964 was added to the list of Navy ships and 25.11.1 964 was laid down at the plant named after 61 communards in Nikolaev, launched 9.2.1 966, entered service 25.9.1967 and 13.10.1967 included into the KChF. 1 -31.6.1967 and 1.1 -31.12.1968, being in the war zone, carried out a combat mission to assist the armed forces of Egypt and 5 - 24.10.1973. - Syrian armed forces. 2 – 7.7.1 973 paid a visit to Marseille (France), 20 – 25.11.1 974 – to Latakia (Syria), 10-14.8.1 984 – to Varna (Bulgaria), 12-16.8. 1985 and November 17-21, 1987 - to Tunisia, October 20-24, 1986 - to Havana (Cuba) and June 24-28, 1991 - to Toulon (France). In the period from March 1, 1981 to July 19, 1984, a major overhaul took place in Sevastopol. At the time of enlistment, he was awarded the Guards Naval Flag, inherited from the KRCHF of the same name.
DECISIVE (serial number 1707). 25.6.1965 was laid down at the plant named after and 61 communards in Nikolaev, launched 30.6.1966 and 24.1.1 967 included in the lists of Navy ships, entered service on 30.12.1967 and 11.1.1968 included in composition of the KChF. 1 – 31.6.1967 and 1.4 – 31.12.1968, being in the war zone, carried out a combat mission to assist the armed forces of Egypt. 9-12.8.1969 paid a visit to Varna (Bulgaria), 14-18.12.1971 - to Latakia (Syria), 6 -9.10.1978 - to Messina (Italy) and 16 - 20.11.1978 - to Istanbul (Turkey). On November 1, 1989, it was withdrawn from service, mothballed and put into storage.
SMART (serial number 1708). 15.8.1 965 was laid down at the plant named after 61 communards in Nikolaev, launched on 22.1 0.1966 and on 1.7.1967 included in the lists of Navy ships, entered service on 27.9.1968 and on 21.10.1968 included in the KSF . 31.10. On November 9, 1971, he paid a visit to Havana (Cuba), May 10–14, 1978, to Bordeaux (France), and May 25–30, 1987, to Sao Tome (Sao Tome and Principe). In 1975 – 1977 modernized in Nikolaev according to project 61-M, and on 2/22/1993 it was disarmed, expelled from the Navy due to transfer to OFI for dismantling and sale, and disbanded on 6/30/1993.
STRICT (serial number 1709). 22.2.1966 was laid down at the plant named after 61 communards in Nikolaev, launched on 29.4.1967 and 1 2.1.1 968 was included in the lists of Navy ships, entered service on 12.24.1968 and included in the 8.1.1969 composition of KTOF. 7 – 15.12.1969 paid visits to Berber, Mogadishu and Kismay (Somalia), 4 – 8.2.1972 - to Massawa (Ethiopia), 2 -7.6.1978 - to Victoria (Seychelles), 5 -10.1 1.1978 - to Haiphong (Vietnam) and 22-26.6.1985 - to Maputo (Mozambique). 1.11.1 990 was withdrawn from service, mothballed and put into storage, and on June 30, 1993 it was disarmed, expelled from the Navy in connection with transfer to the OFI for dismantling and sale, and disbanded on February 11, 1994.
SMART (serial number 1710). On July 15, 1966, it was laid down at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev, launched on August 26, 1967, and on June 15, 1968, it was included in the lists of Navy ships, it entered service on September 25, 1969, and on October 21, 1969, it was included in the KChF. 6 - 12.3.1973 paid a visit to Latakia (Syria), 26.9 -1.1 0.1973 - to Split (Yugoslavia), 9 - 1 3.8.1 974 - to Varna (Bulgaria) and 26.6 - 1.7.1980. - to Tunisia. 19.2.1987 delivered to Sevastopol for major repairs.
BOLD (serial number 1711). On November 15, 1966, it was laid down at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev, launched on February 6, 1968 and 20.1 2.1 968 included in the lists of Navy ships, entered service on December 27, 1969 and on January 9, 1970 included in the KChF . 17 – 22.9.1976 paid a visit to Messina (Italy), 8 – 13.4.1978 to Algeria and 13 – 18.4.1979 – to Rijeka (Yugoslavia). In 1976 – 1977 modernized at Sevmorzavod in Sevastopol according to project 61-M. In the period from 1 7.1 2.1 982 to 30.1.1 985, it underwent a major overhaul in Riga, after which it was transferred to the DKBF, and on 1 9.1.1 988 it was leased to the Polish Navy with renaming “Warszawa” and 5.3 .1 988 expelled from the USSR Navy.
RED CRIMEA (serial number 1712). 23.2.1968 was laid down at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev, launched 28.2.1969 and 9.2.1970 included in the lists of Navy ships, entered service on 15.10.1970 and 20.10.1970 included in the KChF . 15-19.5.1971 and 1-29.2.1972, being in the war zone, carried out a combat mission to assist the armed forces of Egypt. 3 – 7.7.1975 paid a visit to Toulon (France), 14-19.10.1976 – to Split (Yugoslavia), 5-9.8.1977 – to Constanta (Romania), 12 – 16.8.1985. - to Tunisia and 11 -14.6.1990 - to Taranto (Italy). In the period from October 6, 1978 to August 28, 1983, a major overhaul took place at Sevmorzavod in Sevastopol. On June 1, 1992, it was reclassified to the TFR, and on June 24, 1993 it was disarmed, expelled from the Navy in connection with its transfer to the OFI for dismantling and sale, and on June 11, 994 it was disbanded. Since June 30, 1970 wore the Guards Naval flag, inherited from the Black Sea Fleet cruiser of the same name.
CAPABLE (serial number 1713). On March 10, 1969, it was laid down at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev, launched on April 11, 1970 and included in the lists of Navy ships, entered into service and on October 27, 1971 included in the KTOF. On December 20-24, 1973 he paid a visit to Port Louis (Mauritius) and on August 25-30, 1976 to Vancouver (Canada). On July 30, 1987, it was delivered to Sevastopol for major repairs. On 07/03/1992 he was expelled from the Navy in connection with the upcoming transfer to the OFI for dismantling and sale, but on 10/29/1992 he was retained as part of the KChF and on 11/20/1993 he was transferred to Sevmorzavod named after S. Ordzhonikidze (Sevastopol ) in payment of the Navy's debts to the enterprise.
FAST (serial number 1714). 20.4.1970 was laid down at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev and 20.1 0.1 970 was included in the lists of Navy ships, launched on 26.2.1971, entered service and on 10.31.1972 was included in the KChF. 26.9- and 1 2 - 1 7.5.1975 paid visits to Split (Yugoslavia), 14-19.10.1974 - to Port Louis (Mauritius), 19-23.11.1 974 - to Dakar ( Senegal) and 20 - 25.1 0.1 978 - in Pi-ray (Greece). 5 – 24.10.1973, being in the war zone, carried out a combat mission to assist the armed forces of Egypt and Syria, 23.7 – 22.9.1974 – Egypt, and 4.8 – 14.1 0.1974 provided combat trawling in the Gulf of Suez. In the period from July 30, 1982 to September 16, 1985, a major overhaul took place at Sevmorzavod in Sevastopol.
DISCARE (serial number 1715). On October 20, 1970, it was added to the list of Navy ships and on March 10, 1971, it was laid down at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev, completed according to the 61-M project, launched on February 29, 1972, entered service on January 30, 1973 and February 7, 1974 included in the KChF. 12 – 1 May 7, 1976 paid a visit to Tripoli (Libya). In the period from October 31, 1985 to October 12, 1987, a major overhaul took place at Sevmorzavod in Sevastopol.
Displacement: full 4390 standard 3400 t length 144 m beam 15.8 m draft 4.6 m Gas turbine power 4x 18000 hp travel speed: maximum 34 economic 18 knots. economical cruising range is 3500 miles. Armament: 2×2 Volna air defense missile launchers, 2×2 76.2 mm AK-726 guns, 1×5 533rd TA, 2×12 RBU-6000 (90 RGB-60), 2 RBU-1000 ( 24 RSL-10), 1 Ka-25 helicopter. Crew 266 people, including 22 officers.
“RESTRAINTED” TYPE (PROJECT 61-M and 61-MP)
Displacement: full 4974 standard 4010 t length 146.2 m beam 15.8 m draft 4.84 m GTU power 4×18000 hp cruising speed: maximum 32 economic 18 knots cruising range economic 4000 miles. Armament: 4×1 P-15M PKRK launchers (4 missiles), 2×2 Volna air defense missile launchers (16 missiles), 2×2 76.2 mm AK-726 and 4×6 30 mm AK-630M guns , 1x5 533-mm TA, 2x12 RBU-6000 (96 RGB-60), 1 Ka-25 helicopter, Crew of 320 people, including 29 officers.
Large anti-submarine ships of the “Nadezhny” (project 61-ME) – 5 units
A modernized version of the Project 61 BOD. Built by order of India, but temporarily included in the USSR Navy.
RELIABLE (serial number 2201). On April 14, 1976, she was included in the list of ships of the USSR Navy and on September 11, 1976, she was laid down by order of the Government of India at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev, launched on September 1, 1977, entered service on November 30, 1979, and temporarily entered service. composition of the KChF. 4.5.1980 transferred to the Indian Navy and renamed “Rajput”.
DESTRUCTIVE (serial number 2202). On November 29, 1976, it was laid down by order of the Government of India at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev and on February 13, 1978 it was included in the list of ships of the USSR Navy, launched on September 27, 1978, entered service on September 30, 1981 and temporarily became part of KChF. 10.2.1982 expelled from the USSR Navy in connection with the transfer to the Indian Navy, renamed “Rana”. 16.5.1977 was scheduled to be named “Inquisitive”.
Dexterous (serial number 2203). On June 29, 1977, it was laid down by order of the Government of India at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev and on October 30, 1981, it was included in the list of ships of the USSR Navy, launched on June 16, 1979, commissioned on July 20, 1983, and temporarily became part of the KChF . On November 24, 1983, it was transferred to the Indian Navy and renamed “Ranjit.” On May 16, 1977, it was intended to be renamed “Striking.”
SOLID (serial number 2204). On October 24, 1981, it was laid down by order of the Government of India at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev, launched on March 12, 1983. and 11.4.1983 was included in the lists of ships of the USSR Navy, entered service on 30.1 2.1985 and temporarily became part of the KChF. In 1986, transferred to the Indian Navy and renamed “Ranvir”.
INTELLIGENT (serial number 2205). On March 19, 1982, it was laid down by order of the Government of India at the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev and on April 11, 1983 it was included in the list of ships of the USSR Navy, launched on February 1, 1986, entered service on October 15, 1987 and temporarily became part of KChF. In 1988, transferred to the Indian Navy and renamed “Ranjivey”.
Total displacement 4905 standard 4025 t length 146.11 m beam 15.81 m draft 6.83 m GPU power 4×18,000 hp travel speed: maximum 30.22 economic 18.17 knots. economical cruising range 3800 miles Armament: 4×1 PKRK P-20 launchers (4 missiles), 2×2 Volna launchers (32 missiles), 1×2 76.2 mm AK-726 and 4×2 30- mm AK-230, 1x5 533-mm TA, 2x12 RBU-6000 (192 RGB-60), 1 Ka-25 helicopter Crew of 312 people, including 33 officers.
Komsomolets of Ukraine - a large anti-submarine ship
"Komsomolets of Ukraine"
- the first large anti-submarine ship of the USSR Black Sea Fleet, built according to Project 61. Named in honor of the 40th anniversary of the patronage of the Komsomol over the fleet.
September 15, 1959 - laying on the slipway of plant No. 445 named after 61 communards.
November 10, 1959 - the lead ship of Project 61 was included in the lists of the USSR Navy as an air defense-anti-aircraft patrol ship with the tactical number SKR-25.
On December 31, 1960 at 13.00 the ship's hull was launched into the water.
On December 27, 1961, the USSR Naval Flag was raised for the first time over the SKR-25.
On November 23, 1964, the ship was officially included in the Krasnoznamen Black Sea Fleet.
On February 19, 1966, he was awarded the Prize of the USSR Navy and a diploma from the Commander-in-Chief of the USSR Navy.
From June 5 to June 30, 1967, he carried out combat missions to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt (during the Arab-Israeli conflict), as part of the 5th squadron of the USSR Navy [2] [3] 1970 (April - May) “Komsomolets of Ukraine” participates in the Ocean maneuvers and visits Algeria on an official visit (May 8 - 13).
Large anti-submarine ships of project 61 and 61 ME
Large anti-submarine ship (LAS) is a class of ships of the Soviet and Russian navies, introduced on May 19, 1966. In accordance with the name, the ships of the class are designed primarily to combat submarines of a potential enemy in the ocean zone. In the navies of other countries, the class of large anti-submarine ships corresponds to the destroyer (DD). In the USSR, the BOD class included specially built warships of projects 61, 1134, 1134A, 1134B, 1135, 1155, 1155.1, as well as ships of projects 56-PLO and 57-A converted from other classes. As of 2012, 11 ships of the “large anti-submarine ship” class (types 1134B(1), 61(1), 1155(8) and 1155.1(1)) continue to serve in the Russian Navy.
Large anti-submarine ship Komsomolets of Ukraine.
Signs of the BOD Komsomolets of Ukraine.
Large anti-submarine ship Komsomolets of Ukraine - built within the framework of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on December 31, 1960. and entered service on December 31, 1962. under the name "SKR-25". In October 1962 renamed "Komsomolets of Ukraine". November 23, 1964 was included in the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). From June 5 to June 30, 1967 carried out a combat mission to assist the Egyptian armed forces, then as part of the 5th Navy squadron in 1970. took part in the Ocean maneuvers. In 1981 from June 16 to July 1 participates in the Shield-82 exercises. In 1984 participates in the Ocean exercises, and in 1985. in the exercises "Granit-85". Board numbers: 810(1962), 296(1963), 552(1966), 521(1969), 810(1970), 182(1972), 527(1972), 538(1974), 169(1975), 709, 722(1979), 712(1981), 714(1982), 713(1983), 716(1983), 710, 703(1988), 715(1990), 1701(1993). Decommissioned: 1991
Large anti-submarine ship Red Caucasus
Signs BOD Red Caucasus.
Large anti-submarine ship Red Caucasus - built within the framework of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on February 9, 1966. and entered service on September 25, 1967. and already on October 13, 1967. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). Awarded the Guards Naval Flag, inherited from the Black Sea Fleet cruiser of the same name. In June 1967 and from January 1 to December 31, 1968 carried out a combat mission to assist the Egyptian armed forces. In the spring of 1970 participated in the Ocean maneuvers. In October 1973 carried out a combat mission to assist the Syrian armed forces. Board numbers: 521(1967), 571(1967), 186(1973), 182(1974), 531(1975), 527, 151(1977), 720(1978), 729(1978), 722(1980), 720(1981), 171(1981), 710(1981), 733(1983), 702(1984), 703(1986), 707(1987), 710(1987), 729(1991), 820(1993), 179. Decommissioned: May 10, 1998 solemnly lowered the Guards St. Andrew's flag, which the next day was raised on the missile cruiser "Moscow".
Large anti-submarine ship Krasny Krym.
Signs BOD Red Crimea.
Large anti-submarine ship Red Crimea - built as part of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on February 28, 1969. and entered service on October 15, 1970, and already on October 20, 1970. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF) and on June 30, 1970. awarded the Guards Naval Flag, inherited from the Black Sea Fleet cruiser of the same name. In May 1971 and February 1972 carried out a combat mission to assist the Egyptian armed forces. June 1, 1992 reclassified to the TFR and was assigned to the 30th division of surface ships with tail number 814. Side numbers: 521 (1967), 571 (1967), 186 (1973), 182 (1974), 531 (1975), 527, 151 (1977), 720(1978), 729(1978), 722(1980), 720(1981), 171(1981), 710(1981), 733(1983), 702(1984), 703(1986), 707 (1987), 710(1987), 729(1991), 820(1993), 179. Decommissioned: 1993.
Large anti-submarine ship Exemplary.
BOD Exemplary signs.
Large anti-submarine ship Obraztsovy - built within the framework of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on February 23, 1964, under the name "SKR-2", and entered service on September 29, 1965, and already on November 2, 1965. became part of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). February 17, 1965 renamed to "Exemplary". In the spring of 1970 participated in the Ocean maneuvers. From June 29 to July 10, 1970, he carried out a combat mission to assist the Egyptian armed forces. Board numbers: 080(1965), 501(1966), 190(1967), 564(1967), 504(1970), 501(1971), 518(1972), 501(1974), 520(1975), 514( 1976), 430(1979), 425(1982), 446(1983), 433(1985), 435(1990). Decommissioned: 1993
Large anti-submarine ship Gifted.
BOD Gifted signs.
Large anti-submarine ship Odarenny - built as part of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on September 11, 1964. and entered service on December 30, 1965, and already on January 11, 1966. became part of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). In 1966 became part of a special-purpose expedition and made the transition from the Kola Bay to Vladivostok along the Northern Sea Route, where on October 8, 1966. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). Board numbers: 084(1965), 049(1966), 561(1967), 054(1967), 582(1970), 143(1976), 562(1980), 583(1981), 103(1983), 583( 1984), 566(1985), 108, 564, 587(1991). Decommissioned: 1990
Large anti-submarine ship Ognevoy.
BOD Fire signs.
Large anti-submarine ship Ognevoy - built within the framework of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on May 31, 1963. and entered service on December 31, 1964, and already on January 21, 1965. became part of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet (KBF). October 12, 1972 modernized according to Project 61-M, after which it was transferred to the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). Board numbers: 083(1965), 544(1967), 480(1971), 581(1973), 299(1977), 241(1978), 296(61MP), 433, 518, 622(1984), 642(1984 ), 602(1989). Decommissioned: 1989
Large anti-submarine ship Brave.
BOD Brave signs.
Large anti-submarine ship Brave - built as part of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on October 17, 1964. under the name "Eagle" and entered service on December 31, 1965, and was renamed "Brave". On January 25, 1965, it became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). From June 5 to June 30, 1967 carried out a combat mission to assist the Egyptian armed forces. Participated in exercises in 1971. "Yug-71" and in 1970. "Ocean" . On August 30, 1974, a severe fire broke out on the ship as a result of the spontaneous launch of an anti-aircraft guided missile. Sank while being towed. Board numbers: 393(1965), 525, 523(1968), 528(1970), 197(1971), 520(1972), 184(1972), 530(1974). Decommissioned: 1974
Large anti-submarine ship Provorovny.
BOD Agile signs.
Large anti-submarine ship Provorny - built within the framework of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on February 29, 1972. under the name "SKR-37" and entered service on December 30, 1973, and was renamed "Provorny". January 22, 1965 became part of the Black Sea Fleet. In June 1967 and from January 1 to December 31, 1968 carried out a combat mission to assist the Egyptian armed forces. In 1974 modernized according to project 61E.
In 1971 took part in the exercises “YUG. In October 1973 carried out a combat mission to assist the Syrian armed forces. Since 1982 is part of the 70th brigade of the 30th division of anti-submarine ships of the KChF. Board numbers: 027(1964), 078(1964), 383(1964), 216, 653(1966), 530(1970), 374(1971), 533(1972), 535(1973), 179(1973), 190, 164(1976), 175(1976), 707(1978), 724(1981), 707(1984), 710(1987), 713(1990). Decommissioned: 1990
Large anti-submarine ship Resolute.
BOD Resolute signs.
Large anti-submarine ship Resolute - built within the framework of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched June 30, 1966 and entered service on December 30, 1967, and already on January 11, 1968. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). From June 1 to June 31, 1967 and from April 1 to December 31, 1968 carried out a combat mission to assist the Egyptian armed forces. In 1970 took part in the Ocean maneuvers. In 1989 withdrawn from combat service and mothballed. Then in 1996 sold for scrap. Board numbers: 529(1967), 524(1971), 529(1972), 536(1973), 196(1973), 156(1975), 159(1977), 724(1978), 720(1978), 758( 1978), 705(1984), 711(1989), 708(1990), 818(1993). Decommissioned: 1996
Large anti-submarine ship Discreet.
BOD Signs Discreet.
Large anti-submarine ship Restrained - built within the framework of Project 61-M. Since June 28, 1977 to October 1, 1980 classified as large rocket ships. Launched on February 29, 1972. and entered service on December 30, 1973, and already on February 7, 1974. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF).
In 1984 – participated in the Ocean exercises. Since 1987 is part of the 150th brigade of surface ships of the Red Black Sea Fleet (side number 702), and after its disbandment in October 1990. - as part of the 30th division of the KChF. Since January 1992 the ship was reclassified into the TFR and received hull number 804 and became part of the 30th Division of Surface Ships (DINK). Board numbers: 534(1973), 173(1975), 160(1975), 254(1978), 286(1979), 288(1979), 737, 734(1983), 711(1984), 705(1986), 702(1988), 804(01/1992). Decommissioned: 2001
Large anti-submarine ship Skory.
BOD Fast signs.
Large anti-submarine ship Skory - Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on February 26, 1971. and entered service on September 23, 1972, and already on October 31, 1972. became part of the KChF.
From October 5 to October 24, 1973 carried out a combat mission to assist the Egyptian armed forces. In 1974 Together with the Leningrad anti-ship missile system, it participates in mine clearance in the Gulf of Suez, ensuring the safety of combat trawling. Board numbers: 537(1972), 177(1973), 533(1973), 166(1973), 173, 153(1975), 191(04.1975), 753(1977), 733(1978), 164(1978), 729(1982), 715(1984), 702(1987), 705(1990), 805(1992). Decommissioned: 1997
Large anti-submarine ship Slavny.
BOD Glorious signs.
Large anti-submarine ship Slavny - built within the framework of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on April 24, 1965. and entered service on September 30, 1966, and already on October 17, 1966. became part of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). From June 14 to July 29, 1972 carried out a combat mission to assist the armed forces of Egypt and Syria. Since 1973 to 1975 was undergoing modernization under Project 61-M. Board numbers: 537(1972), 177(1973), 533(1973), 166(1973), 173, 153(1975), 191(04.1975), 753(1977), 733(1978), 164(1978), 729(1982), 715(1984), 702(1987), 705(1990), 805(1992). Decommissioned: 1997
Large anti-submarine ship Bold.
BOD Bold signs.
Large anti-submarine ship Smely - built as part of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on February 6, 1968. and entered service on December 27, 1969, and already on January 9, 1970. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). August 28, 1976 — Together with the Cruiser “Zhdanov” urgently comes to the area of the collision of our nuclear submarine K-22 “Krasnogvardeets” with the American frigate USS FF-1047 Voge. In 1977 modernized according to project 61M. January 30, 1985 became part of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). On January 19, 1988, it was leased to the Polish Navy and renamed “Warszawa”. On March 5, 1988, he was expelled from the USSR Navy. Board numbers: 531(1969), 535(1970), 358(1970), 167(1975), 173(1976), 165(1976), 171(1977), 252(1978), 257(1978), 440( 1980), 739(1981), 720(1981), 702, 410(1987), 724(1988), 529(61MP), 444(61MP). Decommissioned: 1988
Large anti-submarine ship Smetlivy.
Signs BOD Sharp-witted.
Large anti-submarine ship Smetlivy - built as part of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on August 26, 1967. and entered service on September 25, 1969, and already on October 21, 1969. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). February 19, 1987 put in for repairs, and then immediately for modernization, which, together with the repairs, lasted 10 years. In 1997 came into operation. In 2003 As part of a group of ships of the Black Sea Fleet, he participated in ocean-going naval exercises in the Indian Ocean together with the Pacific Fleet and the Indian Navy, and in 2011. took part in the Russian-Italian naval exercises “Ioniex-2011” in the Mediterranean Sea. Board numbers: 537(1969), 527(1972), 534(1974), 178(1975), 152(1977), 710(1978), 701(1980), 745(1981), 178(1985), 717( 1987), 714(1990), 810(1993), 715. Decommissioned: In service to this day.
Large anti-submarine ship Soobrazitelny.
BOD Signs Savvy.
Large anti-submarine ship Soobrazitelny - built as part of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on October 4, 1961. under the name "SKR-44" and March 21, 1963. was renamed "Savvy". Entered service on December 26, 1963, and November 23, 1963. became part of the Black Sea Fleet (BCF).
During his service, he wore the Guards Naval flag, inherited from the Project 7-U destroyer of the same name of the Black Sea Fleet. From June 1 to June 31, 1967 and from January 1 to December 31, 1968, carried out a combat mission to assist the Egyptian armed forces. August 6, 1982 transferred to the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). Board numbers: 215(1963), 374(1963), 524(1963), 078, 528(1967), 536(1968), 524(1969), 871(1969), 530(1971), 532(1972), 528(1973), 179(1974), 175(1975), 717(1981), 660(1982), 632(1985), 611(1.05.1990), 604(1992). Decommissioned: 1992
Large anti-submarine ship Capable.
BOD Capable signs.
Large anti-submarine ship Sposobny - built as part of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on April 11, 1970. and entered service on September 25, 1971, and already on October 27, 1971. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). In 1987 put for major repairs, where the life of the ship ended, then it was given to Sevmorzavod to pay off the Navy’s debts to the enterprise. In 1993 They dismantled the weapons and then sold them to India for metal. Board numbers: 522(1971), 109(1972), 102(1975), 142(1976), 547(1978), 522(1980), 544(1982), 531(1984), 505(1985), 578( 1987). Decommissioned: 1993
Large anti-submarine ship Strogy.
BOD Strict signs.
Large anti-submarine ship Strogy - built within the framework of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on April 29, 1967. and entered service on December 24, 1968, and already on January 8, 1969. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). Board numbers: 528(1968), 564(1971), 543(1971), 504(1974), 528(1975), 100(1977), 545(1985), 504(1989), 580(1991). Decommissioned: 1993
Large anti-submarine ship Stroyny.
BOD Slim signs.
Large anti-submarine ship Stroyny - built as part of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched on July 28, 1965. and entered service on December 15, 1966, and already on December 30, 1966. became part of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). September 4, 1967 a fire occurred on the K-3 submarine - the tugboat MB-52, the rescuer Beshtau, the large anti-submarine ship Stroyny and the cruiser Zheleznyakov were sent to help. Since 1975 to 1981 was undergoing modernization in Nikolaev and on November 6, 1980. assigned to project 61-MP. In 1984 participated in the Ocean exercises. January 15, 1985 entered combat service in the Mediterranean Sea, the tasks of which were carried out jointly with the Kyiv aircraft carrier, the Vice Admiral Drozd missile cruiser, the Marshal Timoshenko BOD, and the Sovremenny destroyer. From August 28 to September 26, 1988 monitored NATO exercise Team Work 88 in the Norwegian Sea. Board numbers: 382(1966), 545(1967), 525(1970), 557(1975), 734(1977), 610(1981), 640(08.1984), 642?, 619(1987), 660(1990) . Decommissioned: 1990
Large anti-submarine ship Steregushchy.
Signs of the BOD Steregushchiy.
Large anti-submarine ship Steregushchy - built within the framework of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. The sign is dedicated to the 3rd project of the destroyers “Steregushchy”. The first destroyer was sunk by the Japanese fleet during the Russian-Japanese War of 1905-1907. In 1911, the crew’s feat was immortalized in a bronze composition against the background of a cross - it consists of two sailors: one forcefully opens the porthole from which water is gushing, and the other - the Kingston, which was installed in Alexander Park. The second destroyer died in an unequal battle with Nazi aircraft. The third ship that began to bear this name was the BOD 61 project. Launched on February 20, 1966. and entered service on December 21, 1966, and already on January 7, 1967. became part of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). Board numbers: 504(1966), 580(1967), 504(1971), 585(1973), 140(1976), 563(1980), 565(1982), 580(1986), 150, 624. Decommissioned: 1993 .
Large anti-submarine ship Tverdy.
BOD Solid signs.
Large anti-submarine ship Tverdy - built within the framework of Project 61ME. Launched on March 12, 1983. and entered service on December 30, 1985, and already on December 30, 1985. became part of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). On April 21, 1986, the destroyer Ranveer became part of the Indian Navy. Board numbers: 724(1985).
Large anti-submarine ship Smart.
Signs BOD Smart.
Large anti-submarine ship Smyshlyny - built as part of Project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992 classified as patrol ships. Launched
October 22, 1966 and entered service on September 27, 1968, and already on October 21, 1968. became part of the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). Took part in the Ocean maneuvers in 1970. In 1975 took part in the operational-strategic exercise "Ocean-75". In 1975 - 1977 it was modernized according to the 61-MP project.
Since 1978 It is part of the 120th Missile Ship Brigade and is on active duty in the Atlantic. Together with the Kirov TARKR, the Admiral Isakov and Stroyny BODs, it took part in the Sever-81 exercises in 1981. In 1986 - a long-distance cruise in the Mediterranean Sea as part of (KUG) the Ognevoy BPK and the Vice-Admiral Drozd RK.
Board numbers 525(1968), 297(1969), 552(1971), 587(1974), 291(1976), 296(1977), 337(1978), 317(1979), 614(1980), 648(1981) ), 614(1987), 635(1988), 644(05.1990). Decommissioned: 1993
BACKGROUND
By the mid-1950s, the need of the Soviet fleet for new escort ships, capable of protecting formations of attack surface ships and convoys from attacks by aircraft, nuclear submarines and anti-ship (cruise) missiles, as well as ensuring the deployment of their submarines, had sharply increased. To successfully pursue enemy nuclear submarines, high speed, powerful anti-submarine weapons were required, and to repel attacks by supersonic aircraft, anti-aircraft missile systems were required.
The Commander-in-Chief of the USSR Navy approved on March 14, 1956 the operational and technical specifications for the development of an air and anti-submarine defense patrol ship (SKR PVO-PLO). The technical design for the lead ship was finally approved on June 4, 1965.
The displacement was 3440 tons, the maximum speed was 35.5 knots. The ship's artillery consisted of two double-barreled 76mm gun mounts. The ship's anti-submarine armament was a five-tube torpedo tube and 4 rocket launchers. Two Volna air defense systems with a range of 17.5 km were deployed for self-defense air defense.
The Navy ordered 20 ships to industry under Project 61. Construction of the ships began even before the approval of the contractual technical documentation. They were handed over to the fleet “on credit”, with many deficiencies, which were then gradually eliminated. In a number of sources, it is customary to divide Project 61 ships into two groups: 7 units of the first (with two Angara radars) and the rest - of the second (with one Angara radar and one Cleaver radar). The latter are sometimes referred to in documents as Project 61A.
In the BOD missile cellar, the rocket engine spontaneously turned on
All countries with large navies have their own black dates, when warships were lost in peacetime. There are such days in the history of our navy. This article will talk about the death of the newest ship of the Black Sea Fleet, the BOD "Brave".
"Singing Frigates"
Gas turbines were installed on large anti-submarine ships of the Project 61 family. Their melodic whistle gave the sailors the reason to call them “singing frigates.” These were multifunctional ships, the workhorses of the fleet. In the 50s - 60s of the twentieth century, large series of destroyers of the Project 30, 56, 57 families were built. This line of multi-purpose ships was completed by the Project 61 family. A total of 20 ships of Projects 61, 61M, 61MP, 61E were built. 01090. According to project 61ME, three more ships were built for the Indian Navy. Project 61 ships changed their class more often than others. In the design bureau, when designing them, they were called missile destroyers, for most of their service they were called large anti-submarine ships (BOD), the last ships of the series served as patrol ships. According to NATO classification, ships of the Kashin type - as NATO called 61 projects - were always classified as guided missile destroyers.
Project 61 ships carried the most modern weapons of that time - two Volna air defense systems, four rocket launchers (RBU), one five-tube torpedo tube, two twin 76-mm artillery mounts. Some modifications were equipped with four containers with P-15 Termit ship-to-ship missiles. Although the Project 61 ships did not carry a standard helicopter, they were provided with a landing pad for a Ka-25 or Ka-27 helicopter. If necessary, they could search for a submarine using an anti-submarine helicopter. The Sixty-First were part of all four navies of the country. Their advantages, in addition to powerful weapons, included unlimited seaworthiness, which allowed the Project 61 BOD to carry out combat missions in any oceans of the planet. The ships had a displacement of 4,500 tons and a maximum speed of 35 knots - almost 65 km/h. And among other things, these were the most beautiful ships of the Soviet fleet. In 2022, a decision was made to convert the last “singing frigate,” Smetlivy, into a museum ship in Sevastopol.
BOD "Valiant"
"Brave" was built in Nikolaev and on January 25, 1965 was included in the Black Sea Fleet. After the crew has mastered their ship and passed all the course tasks. "Brave" became an active unit of the fleet. Over the course of 9 years, the ship had seven combat services. As part of the 5th Operational Squadron (5 OPESK) - as the Soviet Mediterranean squadron was officially called - it was in the combat area during the Six-Day War of 1967 and the Yom Kippur War of 1973. The ship paid visits to the ports of cities - the Egyptian ports of Port Said and Alexandria, the Yugoslav port of Split, the Italian ports of Messina and Taranto, and the port of Bissau in Guinea-Bissau. From the Black Sea Fleet, "Brave" participated in two large naval maneuvers - "Yug-71" and "Ocean". The ship's crew was experienced. In 1970, the BOD "Valiant" received the title "Excellent Ship". The ship was part of the 70th brigade of anti-submarine ships of the Black Sea Fleet.
Explosion
From 4 to 7 August 1974, the BOD participated in planned exercises of the Black Sea Fleet. During the next stage of maneuvers, she was to be the flagship control ship. “Brave” was supposed to provide anti-aircraft missiles for small missile ships. Before this, his participation in anti-submarine exercises with torpedo firing was planned. On August 29, the BOD successfully fired torpedoes at the training ground. At dawn on August 30, the Brave returned to Sevastopol, where, in the roadstead of Streletskaya Bay, it took on board the chief of staff of the Black Sea Fleet, Rear Admiral Sahakyan
, and a group of senior officers.
At 8:55 local time, the BOD arrived at the training ground, and a combat alert was declared there. On topic
4506
A Su-35 crashed due to engine failure in the Khabarovsk Territory
According to preliminary data, the plane crashed in the Sea of Okhotsk. The Eastern Military District Commission is investigating the possible causes of the incident.
To understand what happened next, a little clarification is necessary. The Project 61 ships were armed with two M-1 Volna anti-aircraft missile systems. One complex was located in the bow, the other in the stern. The complex included the Yatagan control system and a two-beam (for two missiles) launcher ZIF-101. Under the launcher there was a missile cellar with two rotating drums for 8 B-601 missiles each.
At 9:50 a.m., a slight shaking of the ship was felt on the bridge of the Brave. The thought of a small explosion in the stern occurred to the officers. The vehicles were stopped and the combat and emergency alarms sounded. 10 seconds after the first, a stronger shaking occurred in the stern of the ship. A cap of white smoke and a sheaf of flame appeared in the area of the aft launcher of the Volna air defense system. Another 20 seconds later, a third explosion occurred in the area of the missile cellar of the aft air defense system. A column of fire and black smoke rose above him. The explosion was so strong that the launcher itself, along with the cellar lid, was torn out of the deck and thrown onto the aft chimney. A big fire started. The ship's crew began to fight for survivability.
Looking ahead, we will say that the commission appointed by the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy established the following. After announcing the combat training alert, the midshipman, who was sitting according to the combat schedule at the console of the missile control post in the aft cellar (at the time of the disaster there were 15 B-601 missiles in combat gear on two drums), according to the instructions, first gave the command to the electricians to connect the ship's power supply. Then, using a toggle switch, he applied voltage to the mechanism for turning the drums with rockets. 380 volts were supplied to the drum rotation mechanism, and 110 volts to the missile launch circuits. There is no one in the cellar itself during combat work, therefore, for control, the console at which the midshipman sat had an internal porthole, which made it possible to observe what was happening in the cellar. It was through this porthole that the midshipman saw a sheaf of flame in the left side drum. Without turning on the fire extinguishing system, the midshipman rushed to run from the combat post along the corridor to the bow of the ship. After the tragedy, an investigative experiment was carried out on the same type of ship “Komsomolets of Ukraine”. From the appearance of the fire to the third explosion, 18 seconds passed. This time was determined by measuring it with a stopwatch. It took so long to run from the post to the place in the corridor when the explosion occurred.
During the investigation, it turned out that the propulsion engine of an anti-aircraft missile located on the left side drum spontaneously started. After this, the engine of the launch stage of the same rocket spontaneously started, and subsequently the starting engines of several more rockets located on this drum started. Due to the running engines, the pressure in the cellar increased sharply - it began to reach three atmospheres - as a result of which the lid of the launch cellar was torn off along with the launcher. Another consequence of the explosion was the flow of water into several compartments of the ship.
The crew fought for survivability, but could not do much. The fact is that the commands to turn on the water protection and irrigation of the cellars could not be executed, since the pipelines of both emergency systems were out of order. Seven sailors who were on the quarterdeck at the time of the explosion were thrown into the sea. They were picked up by approaching ships. The Brave listed 12 degrees to starboard. At 10:40 the crew in the aft compartments were ordered to leave the ship. The destroyers “Conscious”, “Bedovy” and the BOD “Komsomolets of Ukraine” came to the aid of the Brave. “Conscious” began towing “Votvazhny” to the sandbank in the Khersones area. At 11:59 the fire was localized, white smoke came out of the cellar, but at that moment the towing cable broke. A new cable was installed from Bedovoy, and towing continued. Specialized rescue ships arrived - “Beshtau”, SS-15, SS-26 and the fire-decontamination vessel “Plamya”. The roll by that time had increased to 17 degrees. Another powerful explosion occurred in the stern. It was a tank containing aviation kerosene that exploded. We said above that Project 61 ships had a helicopter pad, and the ship could search for a submarine together with a Ka-25 helicopter. For this purpose, reserves of aviation kerosene were provided. The roll reached 27 degrees. At 15-12 the command to abandon ship was sounded. At 15:35 the ship began to sink into the sea. A tow rope was released from the Bedovoy. After 12 minutes, the ship plunged into the sea at a depth of 125 meters. The fight against the fire lasted 5 hours and 47 minutes. With a displacement of 4,500 tons, the Brave took on 3,600 tons of water, and 6 watertight compartments were flooded.
On this topic
2147
In St. Petersburg, the heating was turned on during the abnormal heat
Residents of a house in the Admiralteysky district of St. Petersburg had their heating turned on in 33-degree heat. As one of the residents said, the batteries have been “scalding” since early morning.
Of the 287 crew members, including cadets undergoing training on the Brave, 24 people died - 19 sailors and 5 cadets. The Brave received such serious damage that it was impossible to save it.
The commission to investigate the circumstances and causes of the ship's death proposed conducting full-scale tests. At one of the Leningrad shipyards in 1977, they made a compartment of a Project 61 ship with a missile cellar for the Volna air defense system. In it, B-601 combat missiles were placed on drums and the spontaneous launch of the rocket engines was simulated. The purpose of the tests was to understand whether the ship's fire extinguishing systems could cope with such an emergency situation. These means dealt with the fire that arose. If the midshipman, who ran away from his combat post, had first turned on the fire extinguishing system and forced flooding of the missile cellar, the Brave would have remained in service with the Black Sea Fleet. 18 seconds, while the midshipman was running along the corridor, decided the fate of the ship.
Conclusion
Another commission was created, which was supposed to decide whether raising the BOD was advisable. Its members on the rescue ship approached the point of sinking of the Brave and two members of the commission went under the water in the rescue chamber. They examined the Brave. It lay at a depth of 120 meters on an even keel. The aft plating was heavily twisted and the superstructures were charred. Despite the opinion of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, Admiral Gorshkov
about the lifting of the ship, the commission considered the feasibility of this lifting. Taking into account all the factors, the commission proposed not to raise the Brave, limiting itself only to the dismantling and raising of the ship’s secret radar stations. The irritated Commander-in-Chief scolded the commission members for their decision. Foreign media added fuel to the fire of the Commander-in-Chief’s anger, writing that “the Russians have lost their best ship and cannot even lift the nuts from it.” Gorshkov forced the Fleet Emergency Rescue Service to commit to raising the BOD, but this was put on hold, and only secret equipment was dismantled and raised. The ship itself was blown up at the bottom. To detonate it, 124 tons of explosives in TNT equivalent were placed on the hull. A diver died during the explosion of the ship.
There is a small, modest monument at the Communards cemetery in Sevastopol. It stands between the grave of the fallen sailors of the battleship Novorossiysk and the monument to Lieutenant P. Schmidt. The inscription is engraved on the monument: “ To the sailors of the Brave who died in the line of military duty in August 1974
" Below is a list of 24 names of dead sailors and cadets.
In the USSR, the death of the Brave was classified.
FORK AI
By 1991, Project 61 BODs were considered a seaworthy, reliable and high-speed (35.5 knots at full speed) ship... completely unsuitable as a hunter of enemy submarines. Indeed, if at the time of the formation of the operational-technical task the detection range of an enemy submarine with a built-in sonar system and the range of its destruction by an anti-submarine torpedo of the SET family of 15 km was quite acceptable, then by 1991 the BOD and the submarines of the potential enemy changed roles - now the submarine could easily detect and hit the BOD, being both outside the radius of its hydroacoustics and outside the means of its destruction.
At the same time, both the foreign policy ambitions and the economic capabilities of the Russian Federation fell sharply in comparison with the times of the USSR, and there was neither the need nor the means to rearm the Project 61 BOD. The threat of disarmament and cutting into metal hung over the ships. The solution was found in concluding export contracts. At that time, a number of countries felt the need for inexpensive (including used), but reliable warships of similar displacement. However, they all insisted on the presence of a helicopter hangar and enhanced anti-ship missile weapons, using the latest missiles. The Termit anti-ship missile system was no longer comme il faut for 1991.
Replacing an outdated GAS with a completely new model immediately transformed the project from the “cheap” category to the “expensive in an old building” category, and could not arouse any interest among customers.
A solution was found through the reverse reclassification of BOD into TFR. Since it was now contraindicated for “singing frigates” to hunt submarines, out of the entire complex of anti-submarine weapons, the ships were left with only two RBU-6000 launchers for anti-torpedo protection - the old sonar system, however, regularly detected torpedoes within the range of the RBU.
At the same time, the ship was equipped with a new anti-submarine missile system RPK-8 (The complex used standard RBU-6000 launchers, but differed from the installed Smerch-2 PLO complex in a new anti-submarine missile with a guided homing gravity projectile and modified fire control system devices. RPK-8 was adopted in 1991). As a result of the introduction of the RPK-8 complex, the ship received a highly effective means of combating enemy submarines in the near zone of the ship, 8-10 times superior to the capabilities of the Smerch-2 complex.
Instead of a five-tube 533mm torpedo tube, within the limits of its weight and dimensions, two four-tube container launchers of the Uran anti-ship missile missiles were placed on the TFR. On all six BODs of Project 61M (61MP), containers with Termit anti-ship missiles were dismantled, the service life of which would soon expire. The outdated bow air defense system "Volna" with ammunition for 16 missiles in below-deck drums was replaced with the "Blade" air defense system with 4 drums of 8 missiles each and two six-barreled AK-630 artillery guns (the artillery machines were aimed at the target from the radar and control system of the "Dagger" air defense system).
At the stern, instead of an air defense system and a gun mount, an above-deck helicopter hangar and 4 more drums of 8 missiles each of the aft air defense system “Dagger” integrated with it are comfortably located to protect the rear hemisphere. Another 4 ZAK-630 were placed on the side instead of the RBU-1000 in the center of the ship, as in the 61M (61MP) project. The air group, instead of the outdated anti-submarine Ka-25, was equipped with the Ka-29 transport and combat helicopter, which is more suitable for TFR purposes.
First version
Revised draft taking into account comments from colleagues
Instead of the non-existent Shtil-1 air defense system, the ship received weapons from 1989 and 1999 - the Kinzhal air defense system (4 drums for 8 missiles in the bow and stern). Stern drums are integrated into the hangar, as in project 12441
3 converted ships were purchased by India, 2 units each by North Korea, Vietnam and Syria, and 1 unit was ordered by Yugoslavia in 1997.
The ship was delivered to Yugoslavia to pay off the USSR's unresolved debt to the collapsed SFRY - Most of the USSR's debt to Yugoslavia, amounting to 1.291 billion clearing dollars (conversion rate into US dollars - 1: 0.625), was formed as a result of the fall in prices for oil supplied to the USSR in 1988- 1990s in exchange for goods and industrial equipment. Cash receipts for the remaining 9 ships made it possible to support the ship repair and shipbuilding industry of Russia and Ukraine (which was very important in those years), to save jobs and, just as importantly, the proceeds from the sale of 9 reconstructed ships were enough to re-equip 7 ships for needs of the Russian Navy. In 2008-2012, they were additionally equipped with modern passive jammers, as well as new navigation and communication means. One ship was cut into metal due to its deplorable technical condition.
