Photo: Kalashnikov concern
Traditionally, the Victory Parade on Red Square on May 9 becomes a place for demonstrating the latest achievements of the Russian defense industry. One of the new products shown at the parade was the recently adopted AK-12 assault rifle, developed by the Kalashnikov concern. The weapon is intended to replace the previous mass-produced model, the AK-74, which has been used in the army for more than 40 years and is considered obsolete in a number of respects.
Let us recall that the first batch of AK-12s has already entered the Russian Armed Forces at the end of 2022. Full-scale large-scale production began in 2022. At the Victory Parade, paratroopers and soldiers of the Russian Guard walked along the paving stones of Red Square with new machine guns in their hands.
AK-12 assault rifle cartridge caliber 5.45 mm. Device. Weight
AK-12 is a Kalashnikov assault rifle of the 2012 model, developed by the Kalashnikov concern, whose chief designer is Vladimir Zlobin. The main feature of the AK-12 is the increased ergonomics of the weapon in comparison with its predecessors - AK-74, AK-74M, AKM. The work carried out increased the accuracy of fire, reliability and service life.
First in a new generation
The engineers of the Kalashnikov concern did a great job and were able to convince the military of the need for new, modern weapons. From the end of 2022, AK-12 began to arrive in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation; in just a year, 4 thousand units were delivered. The machine gun is actively demonstrated at international exhibitions, where foreign partners show interest in the weapon. The first export contract for the supply of AK-12 has already been signed with Armenia.
The AK-12 marked the beginning of a new generation of automatic weapons under the Kalashnikov brand. The concern plans to produce a whole series of products. Based on the new AK-12, the RPK-16 light machine gun has already been created with two types of barrels, which can also be used as an assault rifle. Prototypes of the AK-12K and AK-15K, which are shortened versions of the AK-12 and AK-15, were demonstrated. Plans include the production of a civilian version of self-loading carbines and the production of AK-12 variants for international cartridge calibers.
AK-12 assault rifle - video
The weapon controls have been significantly redesigned for the convenience of users, the fire safety switch has been changed and duplicated on the left side, and a slide stop has been introduced, the button of which is also located on both sides. For better access to the bolt stop button and magazine latch, the fire control handle has been moved forward and the trigger guard has been shortened. The magazine latch lever itself has been lengthened and slightly shifted back; it can now be reached with a finger resting on the handle, and when the latch is turned off, the cartridge will be automatically sent from the neck of the magazine to the chamber of the barrel.
The easily removable buttstock can be folded in both directions, it is telescopic, and the cheekpiece and butt plate are adjustable in height. A removable, non-folding plastic stock has also been developed, with which, obviously, the machine gun is lighter due to the lack of a hinge with its fastening mechanism and other adjustments. Another innovation is the use of Picatinny rails.
The bolt handle has been moved forward onto the piston rod and can now be moved to the left side. Along the way, this also made it possible to get rid of the fundamental drawback of all previous modifications of the AK - an open gap behind the window for ejecting cartridges with the safety removed, through which dirt and dust could get inside the receiver. In the AK-12, this slot under the bolt handle (already in front of the window for extracting cartridges), regardless of the position of the safety, is now always covered by the piston rod. But due to such a radical redesign, the receiver cover had to be significantly lengthened.
AK-12 assault rifle with Narodovolets sight. It was this sample that took part in state tests.
The muzzle brake-compensator has been redesigned and reduced in diameter to allow firing of rifle-mounted grenades; however, the sample shown does not yet have the gas regulator required for this. In addition to the Picatinny rails located on top of the receiver cover, on the receiver guard and on the bottom of the handguard, the AK-12 also has two short rails on the sides of the handguard and one on top of the gas chamber. The lower Picatinny rail does not interfere with the installation of standard under-barrel grenade launchers GP-25, GP-30 or GP-34. It became possible to quickly change the barrel in the field to a short and a long one, as on Western models.
Another competitive advantage of the AK-12: a soldier will be able to perform all basic operations with a machine gun - switch the safety, change the magazine and pull the bolt - with one hand. If a fighter is wounded or his other hand is busy with something, he will still be able to perform all operations with the weapon.
The machine gun can use the same magazines as the AK74/RPK74 (including 4-row with 60 rounds and experienced drum with 95 rounds). But to make the bolt stop work for the AK-12, new magazines are being developed. In particular, at the end of June, at the exhibition “Technologies in Mechanical Engineering - 2012”, a new 30-round magazine with a modified feeder was shown.
The development of the new machine gun has been carried out on a proactive basis since June 2011 under the leadership of Izhmash chief designer Vladimir Zlobin, based on developments over the previous 10 years. In 2011, assembly was completed and testing began on the first prototype of the fifth-generation Kalashnikov assault rifle with the working name AK-12. The machine was first shown in January 2012. The state did not provide support for the development of a new machine gun due to the excess number of old AKs, of which there were a total of more than 170 million in warehouses.
On June 2, 2012, in Solnechnogorsk, the chief designer of NPO Izhmash, Vladimir Zlobin, gave a presentation of the AK-12 for the Interdepartmental Working Group (laboratory) under the Military-Industrial Commission, which included representatives of the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the FSB of Russia. Based on the results of the demonstration shooting, members of the commission noted that the machine gun behaves more stable when firing than samples of previous generations: recoil and displacement when firing in bursts have decreased.
From June 27 to July 1, 2012, the second international forum “Technologies in Mechanical Engineering” was held in the city of Zhukovsky on the territory of the Rossiya transport and exhibition complex, where the AK-12 was planned to be shown.
During 2013-2014, the machine met with some opposition from the military under the pretext of numerous shortcomings, and therefore the promising machine was denied government funding for testing.
On February 21, 2015, the Ministry of Defense chose the AK-12 as the main machine gun for equipping “Ratnik” military personnel due to its lower price and lighter weight compared to its competitor A-545. The export value of the AK-12 is around US$1,000 as of 2014.
In 2016, in addition to the AK-12, the AK-15 assault rifle chambered for 7.62x39 mm and the RPK-16 machine gun (5.45x39 mm) were also demonstrated.
Differences between the AK-12 and previous modifications
— improving the accuracy of fire by shifting the mass of the bolt group and reducing the recoil shoulder; — double-sided safety switch for the type of fire, located above the pistol-type handle; — two-way magazine reset key; - two-way shutter stop button (shutter lag); — new design of the bolt group; — built-in Picatinny rail on a rigidly fixed receiver cover for installing attachments (sights, rangefinders, grenade launchers, flashlights); — Picatinny rail for telescopic and non-folding stocks for quick installation on the receiver; - new folding telescopic buttstock, adjustable pad and butt plate; — the ability to install a reloading handle on both sides of the receiver (for the convenience of left-handed and right-handed people); — the ability to fire in three modes (single shots, with a cut-off of three shots and continuous bursts), previously optional for the “hundredth” series; — mechanical sight (aperture “diopter”) with an enlarged aiming line; — modified firing mechanism; - muzzle device of the machine gun, providing the possibility of using foreign-made rifle grenades; — a barrel with improved characteristics in terms of manufacturing accuracy, replaceable.
The most noticeable from the user's point of view is the improvement in ergonomics - the introduction of a double-sided safety switch, a double-sided slide stop button and a rearward shift of the magazine latch allows them to be operated with one hand holding the weapon (without removing it from the handle, as before). The telescopic butt can be easily replaced with a non-folding plastic butt; for this, both versions have a Picatinny rail at the end, with which they are attached to the receiver (this also allows you to flip the hinge with the rod on the folding model, thus changing the side where the butt is folded). The locking mechanism for the buttstock when unfolded is now located in the buttstock itself, and not in the receiver.
AK-12 with drum magazine
AK-12 2016
At the Army-2016 forum, held in September 2016, the Kalashnikov concern presented an “updated” version of the AK-12. The new version of the AK-12 has undergone significant simplification and is an improved AK-74M/AK-105 with some developments from the AK-400 project, and not a fundamentally new machine gun, demonstrated since 2011. As a result, the AK-12 lost its bolt stop (which also required a new magazine design), a double-sided reloading and cocking handle, a double-sided fire mode selector and safety lock, and a double-sided magazine release button. Compared to the AK-74 and the “hundredth series”, the gas exhaust unit has been improved, a telescopic stock and a pistol grip have been used. The manufacturer explains the fundamental changes made to the design by the customer’s recommendations for eliminating deficiencies and the increased manufacturability of the new version.
Tactical and technical characteristics of the machine gun
Below are the performance characteristics of already serial samples of the AK-12 rifle. I did not indicate the experimental version.
| Weight, kg | 3.5 - AK-12 mod. 2016 3.35 - AK-19 |
| Length, mm | 1100 (with attached bayonet) 940 (with stock unfolded) 730 (with stock folded) |
| Barrel length, mm | 415 |
| Chuck type | 5.45x39 mm (AK-12, RPK-16) 5.56x45 mm NATO (AK-19) 7.62x39 mm (AK-15) 7.62x51 mm NATO (AK-308) |
| Caliber, mm | 5,45 |
| Rate of fire, rds/min | 650 |
| Initial bullet speed, m/s | 900 |
| Sighting range, m | 1000 |
| Type of ammunition | stores: box-shaped for 30 or 60 (6L31), drum for 96 rounds |
| Aim | removable combined sector, sighting line length - 414 / 583 mm (open / diopter) |
Photo of AK-12
AK-15 6P71 assault rifle, caliber 7.62x39
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Comments
+1 Alex 02/21/2017 11:24 I would like to insert my 5 cents. The machine gun is made for the army, not for special forces. In the event of general mobilization, people who have no experience working with a new machine gun will be recruited en masse into the army, and therefore an easy release of a magazine with one finger is good for a specialist, but can lead to the accidental loss of a magazine in a battle by an inexperienced soldier, which in some cases is tantamount to his death. Also, the creation of new machine components requires a massive transfer of industry to the creation of new parts, and this is a very expensive and time-consuming process. It is logical if, in the event of an urgent re-equipment with a new machine gun, it will consist of such units that the industry will be able to produce in the near future on a scale of millions.
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0 Cole 02/21/2017 11:25 The fact that Picatinny rail is now on the production model is excellent, the question is the rigidity of the cover, it seems to be not rigid. If there’s a bar on the rivets, congratulations, you’re fucked up looking for STP
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+2 Kirill 02/21/2017 11:30 I love People who saw many features on the old machine and said it was modern and now it’s budget (it’s clear that they meant the words “fikalia”) Convenient magazine reset, etc. Guys, the customer made the machine gun according to his requirements, and the AK-12s of 13 and 15 did not meet these requirements. And when this newfangled AK-12 craps its pants in the first round, the A-545, which was made with an ax and remains the only modern feature it has, is a fire translator. The concern became despondent. Plus, the AK-12s of the 13th and 15th years were practically no different from the AK-74M in terms of accuracy and accuracy, while they were much more expensive and a little more convenient, to which the Ministry of Defense said why do we need your AK-12 for that kind of money? You have not fulfilled one of the conditions - increasing the accuracy of the battle and maintaining manufacturability. It would be more profitable for us to bring the AK-74 to the modern level of ergonomics. And then the Concern remembered that they had an experienced AK-400 series. And the MO is finally satisfied with this machine gun. Convenient, quick magazine release... Guys, don’t look at things with sofa eyes. Anyone who was in the army knows that the Magazine is part of the weapon, God forbid you lose it, and in battle they are not thrown around in our army. Therefore, features with quick magazine release are good in a shooting range or, for example, for some FSB officers, and I think they don’t throw magazines there either), but for the Moscow Region this is no longer an unnecessary thing. The problem with Kalashnikov has never been resetting the magazine, the problem of reinserting it is precisely this that requires training. And the standard release lever is convenient for reloading, you just need to know how to hold the magazines when reloading and change everything easily with one hand and with the same hand you put the empty magazine either into the reset box or, in the realities of the army, back into the pouch, it’s quick and convenient. The bolt stop... It immediately became clear to me that no one would focus on this, too many AK magazines were made without it (Even the US Army abandoned the new machine gun, realizing that it would not cope with rearmament), and you are even talking about modernizing the magazines in our country. Again, during training, a fighter is able to do everything with one hand, and the delay with the button in the 2016 version, in my opinion, would be useful if they riveted new ones, just magazines with it and that’s all, but again, everything is ordered by the Ministry of Defense, and it refused it. Well, when calling the new Ak-12 a detuned Ak-74M, they are doubly mistaken, not understanding the words about the hanging barrel, and the new gas tube, which is now not removable on the machine. Now you need to clean the chamber in the same way as on Sig-550 series assault rifles. Less hesitation, more accuracy and a more controlled weapon. Finally, ours have reached what was done on AR-15 platform rifles 15 years ago.
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0 Popov 02/21/2017 11:33 Although I agree with the opinion that the 2016 model is more ergonomic and I personally like it better than the new one, but based on the shooting results, the new AK-12 behaves better. The previous model, created on the basis of the AK-200, “twitches” more than the new one, created on the basis of the AK-400.
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0 Dragon 02/21/2017 11:35 In fact, a qualitatively new technology has not been invented for more than half a century, just cosmetics, improvements, modernizations. The basic principle is the same - AK-47. The Americans have the same thing, the basis is the AR-15.
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-1 Hresent 02/21/2017 11:38 Damn, another modification of the AK 74M, personally, it seems to me that the old AK 12 is simply difficult to produce for our defense industry; our country is not capable of producing such “complex” assault rifles such as the AK 12.
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0 Kabanov 02/21/2017 11:40 I quote Hresent:
Damn, another modification of the AK 74M, personally, it seems to me that the old AK 12 is simply difficult to produce for our defense industry; our country is not capable of producing such “complex” assault rifles such as the AK 12.
For degenerates: this is not an “improved AK-74M”, because the gas release mechanism of the 2016 version of the assault rifle has been redesigned, a 2-round firing mode has been introduced, and the trigger has also undergone significant changes.
Impact-resistant plastic was introduced into the design, which reduced the weight of the machine. As for the shutter stop, the double-sided shutter lever and the fire mode switch, as for me these are just some more parts of the machine gun that “Mr. Conscript” can break, because they manage to break even the stock of an AK-74M. As for the 2011 version, it will be supplied in limited quantities to the FSB and FSVNG and other departments, because these departments have shown interest in the original version of the machine. Reply | Reply with quote | Quote +1 Oleg 06/21/2017 14:00 Moving the front sight from the barrel to the gas outlet pipe will undoubtedly make the AK-12 less accurate in shooting! Pay attention to this! And adding the ability to fire three shots only makes the weapon more complicated! Which promises a greater number of failures in combat conditions. An experienced shooter can easily fire three, even two shots in automatic mode without a complicating device! Conclusion - in the absence of Mikhail Kalashnikov, the machine gun was made less reliable!
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+1 Bogdan 07/02/2017 18:43 Zlobin should not have wasted time developing a “new infantry weapon”, but immediately handed the customer an AK-105 studded with rail strips for collimators, which no one will supply to the infantry.
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0 engladlow 05/16/2018 03:09 Thank you!
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-2 Ivanych 06/10/2018 19:09 Everyone abroad switched to caliber 7.62 as it is more powerful and penetrating, but ours, on the contrary, reduced it to 5.45... which is not gut, at all.
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