Fireman's carbine: device, types and modifications

Fireman's carabiner is a carabiner that is part of a firefighter's equipment and is intended for insuring a firefighter when working at height, as well as for rescue and self-rescue from high altitude levels.

The carbine must meet the requirements of GOST R 53267-2009.

Design

The design of the carabiner must ensure the possibility of its closure and subsequent opening on a cylindrical template with a diameter of at least 32 mm.

The design of the valve must ensure its reliable closure.

The design of the contactor can be automatic or non-automatic.

The design of the lock should not allow spontaneous opening of the bolt during operation of the carbine.

Fire carbine drawing

The working section of the carabiner must have a constant circular cross-section along its entire length with a diameter of at least 12 mm or a shaped round cross-section with a difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​at each cross-section location of no more than 4 mm.

Carbines that do not meet the requirements of regulatory documents

The working area of ​​the carbine must be straight!

Smoothbore weapons

Smoothbore pistol

Unlike a rifled weapon, a smooth-bore weapon does not have rifling inside the barrel, and the bullet flies out directly, without torque, which can affect the accuracy of the hit (a “twisted” bullet has a more stable flight, higher hit accuracy and less dispersion).

Smoothbore weapons come in different varieties:

• single- or double-barreled;
• single-shot or magazine;
• semi-automatic;
• pump-action;
• long- or short-barreled.

The smoothbore is considered one of the most powerful air pistols for self-defense: it will help repel an attack, destroy an aggressive attack, and take the initiative in a conflict situation. See photo:

Browning smoothbore pistol

Such a weapon is considered an excellent assistant:

• when protection of private property is necessary;
• when you need to ensure safety when going out into nature (picnic, hunting, fishing);
• when arming personnel guarding the territory;
• for long car trips.

Semi-automatic and pump-action shotguns are considered optimal for self-defense. But the gun is also not bad. Ball bullets are mainly intended for shooting from smoothbore weapons, but there are also models that fire lead bullets.

An air pistol, of course, is inferior to a traumatic pistol in terms of bullet mass and energy. In addition, the gas in the can tends to lose its “charge” over time, as a result of which the pistol turns out to be a very unreliable weapon.

Air pistols cannot be called powerful weapons, but despite this, they can be an excellent means of self-defense. This is an air gun without a license, because... You do not need a license to purchase a gas pistol, but only adult citizens can buy them. Although wearing it is prohibited, there are no obstacles in its use.

Modern air guns typically use a carbon dioxide cylinder that is attached to a fitting. Such a cylinder is located either in the handle or under the barrel. Typically, air pistols have a caliber of 4.5 mm, with a muzzle energy of 7.5 J (registration is already required for more powerful weapons), bullets weigh about 0.5 g.

Device

The design of the carbine includes:

• Hook – a power bracket of a carabiner that absorbs work loads.
• The shutter is a mechanism designed to close the hook.
• The hinge joint is the assembly for attaching the bolt to the hook of the carbine.
• Lock connection - a connection point between the hook and the hinged part of the bolt.
• The lock is a movable coupling attached to the hinged part of the bolt, designed to lock the locking connection.
• Working section - a section of the carabiner onto which the fire rescue rope is wound when performing a self-rescue operation (rescuing a victim).

Fireman's carbine design

Price category

Smoothbore weapons, the price of which depends on the brand, characteristics and size, are represented on the market quite widely in different price categories:

Price tag 1500-3500 rubles: Russian Anix and MP-651, powerful and practical American Crosman of the “C” line, Taiwanese CyberGun.

Price tag from 3500 to 5000 rubles. The most popular pistols here are from the German company Umarex: WaltherPPK/S and Walther Compact CP99 with a metal body. They fire pellets, very similar to rolling bolt military weapons.

WaltherPPK/S

The Daisy PowerLine 5501 is quite popular, which has a unique valve system, due to which the power of the shot is not lost and the gas residues in the cylinder are reduced. This also includes the Taiwanese Jericho 941 air pistol and the American Gletcher.

Price tag from 5000 rub. Here we can note the Russian pneumatic PM MP-654 (a copy of the Makarov pistol) and MP-656 (based on a combat TT) with a steel body. This also includes Umarex models: bullet Beretta M92FS (a copy of the combat Beretta) and Desert Eagle, ball SA177 in the Glock style.

Model GSG 92 from CyberGun (prototype of Taurus PT 92), from which you can fire a burst. Submachine gun "Drozd" MR - 661K, with which both single and burst shooting is possible.

When choosing pneumatics, you should read the material about how to choose an air gun.

Read about the Browning High Power pistol here.

Review of the Crosman benjamin trall np air pistol at:

Kinds

Coupled (snap-in) and non-coupled

Clutch carbines are equipped with a special clutch that prevents them from opening spontaneously. Couplings can be threaded, bayonet and spring (automatic), the latter are more convenient for one-handed operation, but can fail in the cold.

Carabiners with a tooth and a Key Lock (and its analogues)

Now many carabiners are made with the Key-Lock system (there are other names, but the essence is the same). This means that in the place where the latch on the body of the carabiner is adjacent when closing the carabiner, there is no so-called “tooth”. Such carabiners are more convenient, since they do not cling with their “tooth” to hooks, bookmark cables, or rope.

Example of a fireman's carabiner with a Key Lock

The closing element of the fire carabiner is a steel lock (latch) of the carabiner, which folds not into the inside of the bracket, but at an angle to the plane of the bracket. This feature made it possible to increase the opening of the carabiner lock to 60 mm! The carabiner easily attaches to a two-inch pipe.

Types of Air Guns

There are many companies on the modern market that produce air guns. There are both domestic and foreign enterprises.

Domestic products often surpass imported ones in power and reliability. Air pistols appeared not so long ago. Usually they completely imitate military analogs that are most famous and popular in the arms industry (Beretta, Colt, Smith and Wesson, Makarov Pistol, etc.).

Air pistols are divided into three classes:

• breaking spring-piston;
• compression (multi-compression);
• gas cylinders.

Break-through pistols are similar to rifles at a shooting range, the principle is the same: break the barrel, insert a bullet, close and shoot. They are simple, accurate and affordable (up to 3,000 rubles).

You rarely see them in gun stores: mostly very large Russian (IZH 53) or Turkish models. It is impossible to shoot a series of them.

A compression pneumatic pistol also requires reloading after a shot. Here the operating principle is as follows: air is pumped into a special cavity with a lever, a bullet is loaded, and a shot is fired. The Colt 1911 air pistol operates on the same principle; more on that later.

The accuracy of such pistols is quite high, the number of pumps can vary the power, and there is no recoil. The disadvantages include a small selection of models on the market and a low rate of fire, since you always need to pump up the air with a lever before shooting.

Gas pistols are divided into two types: rifled (with lead bullets) and smooth-bore (shooting balls). The bullets are located under the bolt in the drum, and the balls are located in the magazine located inside the handle.

In the manufacture of such pistols, plastic or metal (often silumin) is usually used. Some models, like combat ones, have a bolt that moves during firing and they have recoil, but they lose power (a portion of the gas is used to ensure the movement of the bolt) and are inferior in accuracy to varieties of gas-cylinder pistols in which the bolt is stationary. See also the article about the VUL pistol here.

Occupational safety requirements

When using (operating) the carbine, the following requirements of labor protection rules must be met:

• before going on duty and after it, the carbine is subjected to an external inspection to confirm the integrity and serviceability of its elements;
• when the carbine comes into contact with an aggressive environment (acid, alkali), it is washed with water, wiped, dried and subjected to strength tests;
• the carbine is tested in accordance with the requirements of the manufacturer’s technical documentation.

The carbine is removed from the calculation if during operation it was subjected to loads that caused the appearance of cracks, dents, changes in the geometric shape of structural elements, or malfunction of the bolt or lock.

You can read about the load when testing a fire carbine in this article.

The article was prepared jointly with the department of PS, FP and GDZS, IPSA State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia

Pistol models

Crosman C 31

Crosman C 31

Easy to use, ergonomic, with an elongated smooth barrel. A gas-cylinder type pistol (one CO2 cylinder will allow you to fire about a hundred shots).

The safety is non-automatic; there is a special strap for attaching a flashlight or laser designator (fiber-optic threads will ensure fairly accurate shooting even in poor visibility).

Specifications:

Beretta

Beretta

What’s attractive is that the model is an almost exact copy of the combat firearm Beretta 92, and just the sight of such a pistol can look intimidating.

In addition, it can fire lead bullets with a steel tip, which is no longer so safe for the life of the attacker.