PKSK - 9 mm portable short-barreled service carbine

PKSK - 9 mm portable short-barreled service carbine

The concept of “service weapon” appeared in the Federal Law “On Weapons” in connection with the development of the private security business. In accordance with the mentioned law, “service weapons include domestically produced smooth-bore and rifled short-barreled weapons with a muzzle energy of no more than 300 J, as well as firearms smooth-bore long-barreled weapon."

The design of service weapons, as well as civilian weapons, should exclude the possibility of firing in bursts, and the magazine should hold no more than 10 rounds.

Currently, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation proposes to introduce another restriction - the lack of similarity with the models adopted by paramilitary organizations. If this happens, unprecedented prospects will open up for bureaucratic arbitrariness.

Everyone understands that “similarity” is a non-standardized value, so much so that, for example, based on this concept, the notorious Snickers candies can be banned, since, squeezed between the thumb and forefinger, from a certain distance they look very similar to a pistol. To give an analogy that is understandable to everyone, imagine a situation when on a road sign you see the inscription “It is prohibited to drive fast. On this section of the road, the speed is controlled by traffic police officers by eye.”

Currently, the type of service samples is determined by three groups: pistols, revolvers and smooth-bore guns. All of them have both undeniable advantages and disadvantages. The type of smoothbore gun the guard is armed with is a deterrent, but the relatively large size predetermines insufficient maneuverability and some inconvenience when wearing.

Pistols and revolvers are easy to carry and effective in fire contacts at short distances. At the same time, due to the design features of this type of weapon and the ammunition used, hitting targets at ranges over 25 meters is very problematic. In addition, the appearance of a large number of gas pistols and revolvers among the population significantly disrupted the psychological perception of combat and service weapons.

These shortcomings inherent in existing models of service weapons can be eliminated within the framework of modern legal norms.

The first sign was the 9-mm PKSK (portable short-barreled service carbine), developed by specialists from the Zlatoust Machine-Building Plant on the basis of the Kedr submachine gun.

It is noteworthy that the new product caused incredible difficulties in Gosstandart for the “custodians of the Weapons Cadastre.”
Moreover, they did not concern compliance with the law or any technical requirements, but only the name. Trigger mechanism PKSK: 1 - trigger housing;
2 — trigger hook; 3 — spring release and trigger; 4 — trigger axis; 5 — trigger axis; 6 - disconnector; 7 — locking spring; 8 — trigger pin; 9 - trigger; 10 - limiter; 11 — mainspring guide; 12 — mainspring; 13 — mainspring stop What is this? Pistol or carbine? In accordance with established traditions, weapons, in addition to dividing according to ballistic parameters, are classified according to the method of holding them during shooting. GOST 28653-90 “Small arms. Terms and Definitions”, not without reason, convinces us that “a pistol is a small weapon, structurally designed to be held and controlled when firing with one hand.” You can’t say anything better than this state document in relation to a rifle and carbine: “a rifle is a rifled small weapon, structurally designed to be held and controlled when shooting with two hands with the butt resting on the shoulder,” and “a carbine is a clothed rifle with a shortened barrel.”

Yes, indeed, the PKSK allows you to fire while holding it with one hand (if there is such a need, for example, in fire contacts at a short distance), however, the main way to use this weapon is shooting with two hands.
There are known examples abroad of so-called “assault pistols” (a classification not typical for domestic weapons), which in their design occupy an intermediate position between pistols and submachine guns. For example, the SPP model from the Austrian company Steyr Mannlicher. However, the SPP does not have a shoulder rest structurally. The presence of a folding, but not detachable butt is another sign that distances the PKSK from the pistol. Apparently this is why the State Standards body for weapons certification gave the issue of PKSK classification a dramatic sound. This resulted in the far-fetched problem of “how to submit it” to the weapons cadastre and what to issue a “certificate of conformity” for. The position of the firing trigger parts. The T trigger is released. The hammer is cocked, the force of the mainspring 2 (the force vector of the mainspring is shown by the red arrow) presses the hammer 3 against the stop 4. Pin 6 of the hammer 3 is located in the cutout of the disconnector 5. The position of the trigger parts is immediately before the shot. When you press the trigger 7, the disconnector 5 acts on the pin 6 and raises the trigger 3. In this case, the force vector of the mainspring (shown by the red arrow) passes through the axis of rotation of the trigger 8. When you press the trigger further, the trigger will be released. Position of the trigger parts at the moment shot. Trigger 1 is pressed. The trigger 3 is released and is in the extreme forward position. The position of the trigger parts is immediately after the shot.
Trigger 1 is pressed. The bolt cocks the hammer 3 while simultaneously interacting with the trigger 5, which, turning on its axis, allows the hammer to take the cocked position. The last document, by the way, according to the Federal Law “On the Protection of Consumer Rights” is intended to certify the safety of the product, and according to the Law “On Weapons” - is the basis for its turnover. According to the same law “On Weapons”, the circulation of weapons refers to all phases of its life cycle, including the development stage. It turns out that a certificate for a sample is needed until the first line appears on the drawing. Truly, a task in which there are more unknowns than arguments.

Perhaps the PKSK will appear in the Arms Cadastre as a “pistol”, but according to common sense and historically established classification, it is still a carbine. Well, as a last resort, in order not to violate the “everyday” images of a pistol, submachine gun and carbine, the product in question can be called a “carbine pistol,” no matter how unusual it may sound.

PKSK was the product of finalizing a combat model, taking into account the recommendations of specialists from the Main Directorate for Ensuring Public Order and the Federal Bullet Case Collection of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The changes, in addition to those related to the transition to the 9x17K cartridge, affected the appearance, magazine capacity, receiver design and parts of the trigger mechanism. The free bolt of the weapon is longitudinally sliding and moves along the guides of the receiver. The hammer-type trigger mechanism is made on a separate easily removable base. Since changing the magazine is carried out mainly with the left hand, the magazine latch and charging handle are located on the left side of the receiver.

For the convenience of firing at medium and long ranges, a metal butt is provided, which tilts in a vertical plane, which is the most optimal for holding the weapon during this operation. When the butt is folded down, the rear sight of the mechanical sight automatically switches from open to diopter, significantly increasing the convenience of aiming and shooting accuracy. PKSK, unlike most existing service weapons, provides the ability to adjust the sighting device in both vertical and horizontal planes by moving the front sight.

A flag-type fuse is located on the right side of the receiver and blocks the trigger mechanism and bolt. Once the cartridges in the magazine are used up, the bolt enters the slide stop.

The trigger is made in the form of an easily removable module, which is separated from the receiver after turning and removing the safety lever. All parts are held on axles, which in turn are fixed in the trigger housing by a spiral spring.

When the reloading handle is pulled back, the bolt acts on the trigger, turning it in a vertical plane. The trigger, in turn, compresses the mainspring. At a certain moment, the force vector of the mainspring intersects the axis of rotation of the hammer, creating a moment that presses the hammer against the limiter - the hammer is cocked. At the same time, the bolt turns the disconnector, which is hinged at the rear of the trigger, thereby eliminating its interaction with the trigger pin. When cocking, the safety protrusion of the hammer runs behind the protrusion located on the trigger. This ensures protection against accidental firing in the event of an unauthorized release of the trigger, for example when the weapon is dropped.

After the bolt returns to the front position, the disconnector, returning to its original position, runs under the trigger pin with its cutout.

When you press the trigger, the disconnector, interacting with the trigger pin, raises the hammer, and it, under the action of the mainspring, strikes the firing pin.

When firing, the actions of the trigger mechanism parts are repeated with the only difference being that the disconnector runs under the trigger pin only after the trigger is released.

PKSK is easy to use and learn. The carbine can be carried concealed on a belt or holster-case included in the delivery package.

As a result, we note that the family of service weapons has been replenished with a new and so far only representative in its class - a portable carbine. The carbine provides higher shooting accuracy compared to classic short-barreled weapons, which is especially important when performing tasks to protect extended objects and objects in motion. In addition, the carbine is clearly visually different from gas pistols and revolvers, and its external resemblance to a combat submachine gun is an additional stopping factor for law enforcement offenders.

Black V. G. Gun. Weapons and ammunition 2-1999

Design

PP-91 has an extremely simple and technologically advanced design[2]. The modernized PP-91 is distinguished mainly by the presence of modern materials, and the reliability and survivability of the weapon has also been increased. The automatic operation of a submachine gun is based on the use of the recoil energy of a blowback bolt. A hammer-type trigger mechanism allows firing in single and automatic modes. The cartridges are fed from a double-row box magazine. To increase stability when firing, the submachine gun is equipped with a shoulder rest that folds over the receiver.

The receiver is rectangular, stamped from sheet steel, and has a removable cover. The 120 mm long barrel is rigidly mounted in the receiver, to which the pistol grip, magazine receiver and folding stock are attached. Sights are open type. The front sight is mounted on the barrel at the front wall of the receiver, the rear sight is mounted on top of the folding butt attachment. When the butt is folded down, the diopter rear sight is rotated to the working position; when the butt is folded into the stowed position, the open rear sight is rotated. The weapon can be equipped with a BK-09 silencer and a Pion-M laser target designator.

Before firing, the bolt of the submachine gun, under the action of the return spring, occupies the extreme forward position. When fired, powder gases acting on the bottom of the cartridge case move the massive bolt to the rearmost position. At the same time, the bolt removes the spent cartridge case from the chamber and throws it out of the receiver, cocks the hammer and compresses the return spring. The bolt rolls into the forward position under the action of the return mechanism. At the same time, he sends another cartridge into the chamber and locks the barrel. Locking is carried out due to the inertia of the bolt and the forces of the return spring. When the safety switch is set to automatic firing, it will continue as long as the trigger is pressed and there are cartridges in the magazine. When installing the safety switch for single firing, after each shot you must release the trigger and press it again to fire the shot.