Specifics of the design and use of the TOZ-194 carbine

Visual features

The stock was made of birch, walnut or beech, and it is worth noting the fact that the walnut stock is a characteristic feature for exclusive models.
The type of butt neck was pistol, semi-pistol, or could be flat. Like the original model, the barrel length ranges from 700 to 725 mm, while the 16-gauge model provides the possibility of increasing the barrel to 750 mm. The bores of such weapons do not have any chrome coating, as a result of which it is necessary to constantly ensure that they do not rust. You can often find models that have chrome-plated channels, but this is quite a rare occurrence and only affects units produced after the 60s. The traditional sighting bar is easy to use in the same way as a brass front sight, as a result of which you can comfortably even shoot offhand. The sighting bar is distinguished by a specialized anti-reflective knurling, made in the form of a transverse notch, which allows you to aim as calmly as possible even in fairly bright sunlight.

Story

At the end of 1994, the designers of the Tula plant (Russia) created TOZ-94. The prototype was the TOZ-87 gun. Most of the parts of both models are unified (this is the experience of foreign companies). Compared to the base model, the mechanisms and components have remained virtually unchanged. The reloading method has changed. A single-barreled pump action repeating hunting rifle was intended for commercial and amateur hunting and as a security weapon.

TOZ-194 is a pump-action shotgun, developed at the end of the last century in Russia. The weapon was intended for use in the protection of farm animals, forest areas, outbuildings and objects for various purposes, self-defense, and hunting.

The basis was the 94 model. The designers shortened the barrel, changed the configuration of the forend, and lengthened the under-barrel magazine. They abandoned the buttstock, replacing it with a pistol grip. The designers worked on the appearance and got a menacing “Terminator” version.

Specifications

Performance characteristics of TOZ-194:

• country of origin – Russia;
• purpose - hunting;
• type – firearm;
• smoothbore (no rifling);
• not automatic charging type;
• multi-charged;
• 7-round magazine;
• single-barrel;
• caliber – 12;
• 12/70 cartridge with non-metallic sleeve;
• trunk length – 54 cm;
• total length – 80.5 cm;
• height – 16 cm;
• width – 5.5 cm;
• weight – 3 kg.

TOZ-194 (reviews from gun owners note this) has excellent shooting accuracy, low recoil, attractive appearance and low weight. Certified as a civilian hunting rifle in Kazakhstan and Russia. Often used by security companies.

Receiver

The receiver of the TOZ-8 rifle looks like a simple pipe, which looks like an extension of the barrel. Inside the receiver there is a bolt, the receiver also serves as the basis for the firing mechanism. A wooden stock is attached to the bottom of the receiver.

On the right side of the receiver there is a shaped cutout along which the bolt handle guide moves.

On the right side of the receiver, in front of the figured cutout, there is a window that is needed for inserting a cartridge and ejecting spent cartridges. Two holes were drilled next to it, designed to remove escaped powder gases.

At the rear of the receiver there is a special removable cap that performs three important functions:

• The cap closes the receiver channel and thereby protects it from contamination
• The installed cap eliminates the possibility of the shutter falling out
• The cap protects the shooter's eye in the event of a breakthrough of powder gases into the receiver channel.

At the bottom of the receiver there is a pyramidal stop designed to secure the barrel and receiver with a wooden stock.

Inside the receiver there is a liner that is secured with a screw. The insert guides the cartridge into the rifle's chamber when loading, deflects the spent cartridge case when ejecting, and guides the bolt when moving forward.

Separation of guns by purpose

Weapons for sporting and hunting purposes are divided into two types: sporting and hunting. Their reloading and cocking systems are similar, but during operation you can notice their significant differences. Sporting shotguns can be equipped with additional parts such as:

• weighting agent;
• choke;
• orthopedic handle;
• stock with many adjustments for length and height.

Such guns are inconvenient to use while hunting an animal; they are only suitable for sport shooting at moving targets, such as skeet.

Models for hunting are significantly lighter; the choke constrictions, depending on the model, can have different shapes and constrictions. Hunters divide them into two groups:

• fishing;
• hunting

The first option should be easy. Since they are used much more often and are subject to wear and tear, the manufacturer makes them from durable materials and also equips the gun with a simple mechanism. This helps to facilitate maintenance and repair in its subsequent operation.

Operating principle

The TOZ-8 rifle is single-shot, it does not have a magazine, and you can only load it one cartridge at a time manually by inserting the cartridge into the opening in the receiver.

For firing from the TOZ-8 rifle, small-caliber rimfire cartridges are used; they do not have a separate primer for igniting the powder charge; the ignition charge is pressed into the bottom of the cartridge case. The cartridge case is 16 mm long, made of brass, and has a protruding lip at the bottom of the cartridge case. The cartridge is loaded with smokeless powder, pyroxylin based. The cartridge bullet weighs 2.6 grams and is made of an alloy of lead and antimony. On the side surface of the bullet there are three leading belts, which impart a rotational movement to the bullet as it passes through the bore. There is a small depression in the bottom of the bullet; when fired, powder gases expand the bullet, pressing the bullet bands into the rifling of the barrel.

In order to load the rifle, you need to move the bolt to the rear position, insert a cartridge, close the bolt by moving the bolt forward, while the cartridge moves along the insert and enters the chamber.

When the bolt moves forward, the hammer cock rests against the trigger spring, the hammer stops, and the mainspring is compressed. The ejector tooth snaps onto the edge of the case bottom. The bolt handle moves down the groove of the receiver, locking the barrel.

When you press the trigger, the trigger spring is recessed and the mainspring is released, which in turn accelerates the firing pin and strikes the bottom of the cartridge case with the striker. A shot occurs.

After the shot, when the bolt handle moves back, the ejector tooth pulls the empty cartridge case out of the chamber, it sticks into the protrusion of the liner reflector and is thrown out through the window in the receiver.

Gate

A longitudinally sliding rotary bolt moving inside the receiver is needed to send a cartridge into the chamber, lock the barrel, fire a shot and eject the spent cartridge case from the chamber.

The bolt of the TOZ-8 rifle consists of a combat cylinder, a bolt stem with a handle, a trigger, a firing pin with a striker, a mainspring and a coupling.

Combat cylinder - designed to connect all parts of the bolt into a single whole. Inside the combat cylinder there is a channel in which the firing pin and the mainspring are located. The combat larva has a special cup for placing the cartridge cap. On the right and left of the combat cylinder there are grooves for the ejector and sleeve deflector. In the front part of the combat cylinder there is a protrusion that serves as a cartridge rammer. In the rear part of the combat cylinder there is a stump with a hole for putting on the bolt stem with a handle.

The bolt stem with a handle is necessary for ease of operation of the bolt. Has two small and two large cutouts.

Ejector - used to remove the spent cartridge case from the chamber and throw it through the window in the receiver.

The sleeve deflector is intended to fix the cartridge in the cup of the bolt cylinder.

The firing pin is needed to strike the cartridge case to fire a shot. A mainspring with a coupling is put on the firing pin.

Trigger - necessary to keep the firing pin cocked. There is a hole inside the trigger for screwing onto the firing pin, which is additionally secured with a pin.

The TOZ-8 rifle does not have lug lugs; the bolt is locked using the loading handle.

Text of the book “Combat and service weapons of Russia”

Self-loading smoothbore shotgun TOZ-88

The experience of using TOZ-87 self-loading smoothbore shotguns for hunting, self-defense and as a service weapon has shown that the reliability of their automatic operation, like that of other shotguns with a gas-operated automatic reloading system, significantly depends on weather conditions and the quality of the ammunition used. When firing cartridges with a small powder charge, the energy of the powder gases may not be enough to reload the gun, and powerful cartridges create too much stress on the entire reloading system.

The TOZ-88 gun uses a modified gas-operated automatic reloading system, which is largely devoid of such shortcomings. It is equipped with a device for discharging excess powder gases from the gas chamber into the atmosphere, which allows the use of cartridges of various powers, up to 12/76 mm, when firing.

This system operates as follows: under the action of powder gases released from the barrel when fired, the gas piston moves the bolt to its rearmost position. In this case, the bolt unlocks the bore and pushes the spent cartridge out of the chamber. While the bolt is moving, the cartridge case is ejected through a window in the receiver, a new cartridge is also fed from the magazine and the firing mechanism is cocked. After reaching the rearmost position, the bolt, under the action of the return spring, begins to move forward, sending a new cartridge into the chamber and locking the barrel.

The trigger mechanism is designed to fire single shots only.

The gun has a barrel length of 711 mm. The bore is chrome-plated, the outer surfaces are blued. The length of the chamber is 76 mm.

In the basic version, the barrel has a constant choke constriction of 0.0 mm (cylinder) and is equipped with replaceable choke tubes. In the TOZ-88–01 version, the barrel is made with a constant muzzle constriction, and the TOZ-88–03 version is distinguished by the presence of external nozzles with a constant muzzle constriction of 0.0 mm.

The receiver is compact. On the right side of the box there is a window for ejecting spent cartridges.

The gun is fired with 12-gauge hunting cartridges with cartridges 70 and 76 mm long.

When firing, the cartridges are fed from an under-barrel tubular magazine with a capacity of 4 cartridges.

The safety of handling the gun is ensured by a non-automatic safety; its button is built into the front part of the trigger guard. When on, the safety locks the trigger.

The stock is made of high quality walnut or beech wood. The butt and fore-end are made as separate parts. The butt has a pistol neck, and a shock absorber is attached to its end. The forend is removable and is fixed on the body of the under-barrel magazine with a nut in the form of a cap. There is a notch on the neck of the butt and the forend for a more secure hold of the weapon when shooting.

Open iron sights include a ventilated rib and a small front sight.

The TOZ-88 shotgun is also available in a souvenir version. In this version, its excellent balance, high operational reliability and good shooting stability are complemented by a highly artistic finish.

As is customary among Tula gunsmiths, the outer surfaces of the parts are decorated with hand engraving, and the butts are carved in the form of complete scenes on various themes, mainly hunting scenes.

TOZ-94 pump-action smoothbore shotgun

An exceptionally reliable smooth-bore gun, reloaded with a movable fore-end, is the TOZ-94 gun. It is produced by the Tula Arms Factory and is intended for commercial and recreational hunting in all macroclimatic regions, except for areas with a humid tropical climate. Both in the main version and in the shortened version TOZ-194, the gun can be successfully used for self-defense and as a service weapon.

The gun is designed according to the classic layout scheme. Its design implements a reloading scheme with a movable forend rigidly connected to the bolt frame. At the same time, in order to reduce the development time and organize serial production of the gun, as well as to reduce its cost, the TOZ-87 self-loading gun was taken as the basis.

The gun has a longitudinally sliding bolt. The barrel bore is locked by the bolt using a lug that fits into the barrel shank window.

The trigger mechanism is mounted on a separate base. The trigger force is 3.2 kgf.

During the shooting process, the gun is reloaded by moving the fore-end to the extreme rear and forward positions.

When the hammer is cocked, the forend is fixed in the extreme forward position.

The gun has a detachable barrel 700 mm long. The connection of the barrel with the receiver cover and the magazine is ensured by the barrel shank and coupling. The bore, chamber and bolt parts are chrome-plated, the remaining parts are blued.

The gun is fired with 12-gauge cartridges with a non-metallic sleeve 70 mm long.

The cartridges are fed from an under-barrel tubular magazine with a capacity of 4 cartridges.

The magazine capacity can be increased to 7 rounds. At the same time, at the buyer’s request, guns can be equipped with a magazine capacity limiter of up to 2 rounds. Another cartridge can be chambered directly into the chamber.

To eliminate the possibility of accidental shots there is:

push-button safety locking the trigger;

blocking the firing pin with a combat stop from inertial puncture of the primer.

In addition to design measures, the safety of handling the TOZ-94, as well as any other gun, is ensured by observing the following rules. It is strictly prohibited:

disassemble a loaded gun;

use loaded cartridges when checking the interaction of parts and mechanisms of the gun;

shoot from the barrel if there is water, snow, a stuck bullet, or wad or other foreign objects in it;

subject the gun to modifications that lead to changes in the shape, size and interaction of the parts and mechanisms of the gun;

use non-hunting gunpowder and gunpowder with expired shelf life;

compress a charge of smokeless hunting powder;

When equipping, use an additional igniter made of black powder.

If problems occur in a loaded gun, before finding out the causes, you must put the gun on the safety lock.

The stock is made from high quality beech or walnut wood. The butt has a pistol neck and a rubber shock absorber. The handguard is movable and removable. Connects to the bolt frame using a rod.

The main model TOZ-94 is produced without a sighting bar. The following modifications are also available:

TOZ-94–01 – hunting rifle with an aiming bar;

TOZ-94–02 – hunting rifle with replaceable choke tubes;

TOZ-94–03 is a hunting rifle with an aiming bar and interchangeable choke tubes.

For the protection of economic objects, domestic animals, forest lands, farms, self-defense and amateur hunting, shortened modifications of the gun, designated TOZ-194, have been developed and are mass-produced on the basis of the TOZ-94.

TOZ-106 repeating smoothbore shotgun

The Tula Arms Factory produces a repeating smoothbore gun, which is intended for amateur hunting of birds and small animals at short distances and for the protection of domestic animals, crops, and household objects in all macroclimatic regions, except for areas with a humid tropical climate.

The base model for the TOZ-106 was the MTs-2 magazine-fed single-barreled smoothbore shotgun. Since the creators of the TOZ-106 were faced with the task of developing a simple and cheap “farmer’s weapon,” the changes made to the excellent base model did not have the best effect on the new gun. The simplified design of the TOZ-106 is reminiscent of the sawn-off shotguns of a three-line rifle, so popular among Russians during the years of collectivization and the “big turning point.” Therefore, it is no coincidence that TOZ-106 is sometimes called “the death of the chairman.”

The desire to ensure the compactness of the weapon in the stowed position led to the use of a folding metal stock similar to the AKMS assault rifle. In this case, in the folded position, the butt fits into a recess made in the wooden fore-end. To reduce the recoil force acting on the shooter when firing, the butt is equipped with a rubber shock absorber.

To more securely hold the weapon when firing, a pistol grip for firing control and longitudinal grooves on the fore-end are provided.

The barrel of the gun is shortened to 295 mm. The barrel bore is made smooth and has a hard chrome coating to protect it from wear and corrosion. The barrel is connected to the receiver using a press fit and secured with a pin.

It should be noted that the barrel length is clearly short for comfortable shooting with 20-gauge cartridges used as ammunition with a 70 mm long sleeve.

When fired, there is a strong muzzle flash, and the sound of the shot is so powerful that shooting without hearing protection is not recommended.

When firing, cartridges are fed from detachable box magazines with a capacity of only 2 cartridges. However, another cartridge can be chambered.

Reloading is done manually by moving the bolt action to the rearmost position and then to the forward position. The barrel bore is locked due to the interaction of the lugs of the bolt frame and the corresponding supporting surfaces of the receiver.

The firing mechanism is located in the bolt. The trigger mechanism is mounted in a housing connected to the receiver.

The trigger force is adjustable, it is 1.0–2.5 kgf.

The hammer is cocked when the bolt is opened. There is a cocking indicator, which protrudes above the surface of the box when the hammer is cocked.

Shooting is carried out only with single shots. The spent cartridge case is removed from the chamber by the ejector and extracted by the reflector when the bolt is moved to the rear position.

The likelihood of accidental shots is reduced due to the presence of a non-automatic safety, which locks the trigger in the on position.

In order to exclude the possibility of a shot when the stock is folded or removed, a special automatic safety device is provided.

Shooting from a gun is carried out using open mechanical sighting devices: front sight and rear sight.

The manufacturer guarantees that when shooting at a distance of 25 m, the accuracy is at least 35%. In this case, the deviation of the center of the shot shell from the aiming point does not exceed 150 mm, up, 50 mm to the right, down and to the left – 75 mm.

Pump-action smoothbore shotgun TOZ-194

The appearance of the TOZ-194 short-barreled pump-action shotgun was largely due to the rather tense criminal situation that developed in Russia in the early 1990s. At the same time, private individuals, as well as employees of various security companies, needed relatively inexpensive, reliable and very effective weapons, which could be legally purchased in hunting weapons stores.

The TOZ-194 shotgun optimally meets the requirements for a self-defense weapon. It is compact, reliable in operation, convenient for transportation and shooting. Combat effectiveness is evidenced by the fact that one shot of buckshot is comparable to a burst from a submachine gun. And thanks to the ability to increase the capacity of the under-barrel magazine to 7 rounds, with such a gun you can enter into a real battle with a very high chance of winning.

However, the TOZ-194 gun is suitable not only for self-defense. It attracted the attention of rangers, hunters, as well as employees of enterprises and organizations with special statutory tasks.

The high operational reliability of the gun allows it to be used in all macroclimatic areas, except for areas with a humid tropical climate.

The TOZ-94 smoothbore shotgun, reloadable with a movable fore-end, was used as a basis for the development of the TOZ-194. Like the base gun, the TOZ-194 uses a reloading scheme with a movable forend rigidly connected to the bolt frame.

The gun has a detachable barrel, which is connected to the box lid and tubular magazine via a shank and coupling. The barrel is made with a constant choke constriction of 0.0 mm; some modifications provide for the use of interchangeable choke nozzles with a constriction of 0.5 mm or 1.0 mm. The bore is hard chrome plated.

The bolt is longitudinally sliding, the barrel bore is locked by means of a bolt lug that fits into the window of the barrel shank.

The trigger mechanism is mounted on a separate base; it allows firing only single shots. The trigger is cocked when the forend is moved to the rearmost position.

The trigger force is not adjustable, it is 1.5–2.5 kgf.

For shooting, 12-gauge hunting cartridges with a 70 mm long sleeve are used. The cartridges are fed from an under-barrel tubular magazine. A 4-round magazine is standard. Using an extension, the magazine capacity can be increased to 7 rounds, and when using a magazine limiter, its capacity can be reduced to 2 rounds.

The safety of handling the gun is ensured by a non-automatic push-button safety, which locks the trigger when turned on. There is also provision for blocking by the combat stop from inertial puncture of the cartridge primer when the gun is dropped or sharp blows and shocks occur.

In its basic version, the TOZ-194 has a plastic handguard and a pistol grip for firing control. The gun is also available in the following versions:

TOZ-194–01 M – version of TOZ-194 with an aiming bar;

TOZ-194–02 M – variant of TOZ-194 with a set of interchangeable choke tubes;

TOZ-194–03 M – variant of TOZ-194 with an aiming rib and a set of interchangeable choke tubes. This option comes with an additional stock and a variable-capacity magazine.

Izh-81 pump-action smoothbore shotgun

Since 1994, the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant has been producing the Izh-81 smoothbore shotgun, reloaded with a movable forend. By the end of the 1990s. More than 200,000 guns of this model were produced, and the production of guns is carried out at approximately the same rate with the advent of the new century.

The Izh-81 shotgun is intended primarily for commercial and amateur hunting, but can also be used as a service weapon, since in terms of combat characteristics it is not much inferior to the Remington combat shotgun, model 870, which has been in service with the Army and Marine Corps for a long time USA, and its shortened modifications are at the level of combat smoothbore rifles, which are currently in service with army and police special forces in many countries around the world.

The design of the gun is based on a layout scheme that has been well proven on many similar foreign guns. When reloading, the handguard moves along the outer surface of the magazine tube, which is fixedly connected to the receiver. To reload after a shot, you need to forcefully move it back and then forward with the hand holding the fore-end. While the forend moves backward, the barrel bore is unlocked, the spent cartridge case is removed from the chamber and thrown out of the gun box, the trigger mechanism is cocked, and the next cartridge is fed from the magazine to the feed mechanism tray. When the forend moves forward, the cartridge is fed to the chambering line, the cartridge is sent into the barrel chamber and the barrel bore is locked.

The barrel bore is locked by a sliding bolt coupled to the barrel by a swinging wedge that fits into the groove of the barrel coupling. In this case, at the moment of firing, the pressure force of the powder gases is perceived by a coupling rigidly connected to the barrel. Thus, when fired, the receiver is unloaded, which made it possible to make it from an aluminum alloy. The movement of the wedge when locking and unlocking, as well as the movement of the bolt, is carried out by a slider, kinematically connected to the forend using a rod located on the left side of the receiver.

The hammer-type trigger mechanism is mounted on a detachable base and is attached to the receiver with two axes.

The Izh-81 gun and all its modifications have a fixed barrel. The Izh-81 barrel length is 700 mm. Barrels are available with choke constrictions and cylindrical drilling, as well as with replaceable choke constrictions. On special order, the gun can be supplied with a spare barrel. Barrels for all guns are made using the most modern technology - the rotary forging method, which equally ensures high productivity and manufacturing accuracy. The surface of the bore and chamber is chrome-plated, which allows the gun to be used in any conditions, as well as to use domestic cartridges, the primer composition of which causes intense corrosion. The barrels are made from the same steel as military weapons - the AK-47 assault rifle and the SVD rifle. The guaranteed “survivability” of the barrel is 10 thousand shots.

The cartridges are supplied from an under-barrel tubular magazine. Initially, the magazine capacity was 4 rounds, but since 1995, all modifications of the Izh-81 began to be produced with a long magazine. For shotguns with a chamber length of 70 mm, the magazine capacity is 7 rounds. Shotguns designed to fire cartridges with a case length of 76 mm have magazines with a capacity of 6 rounds.

Shooting is carried out with 12-gauge cartridges.

Initially, the shotgun chamber was designed for the use of cartridges with a sleeve length of 70 mm. Subsequently, modifications were developed for the Magnum cartridge with a case length of 76 mm. Shotguns of these modifications have the letter “M” in their designation.

To prevent a shot from being fired when the bolt is unlocked, the trigger mechanism is equipped with a delay device that does not allow the shot to be fired until the bolt is completely locked. If necessary, the unfired cartridge can be removed from the chamber by first pressing the delay button located at the bottom of the trigger mechanism. At the rear of the trigger guard there is a push-button safety locking the trigger. In the extreme right position the fuse is off.

The buttstock is attached to the receiver with a screw from the buttplate side.

In the manufacture of the butt and fore-end, walnut, beech or birch wood is used.

To use the Izh-81 shotgun for self-defense, it is available with a folding stock, which can be interchangeable with a pistol grip.

Sights include a small spherical front sight mounted on a protruding base in the muzzle of the barrel.

The following modifications of the gun have been developed:

Izh-81 M - a modification of the gun designed to fire the 12/76 mm Magnum cartridge;

Izh-81 K is a modification fed from a detachable box magazine with a capacity of 4 rounds. There is a variant of the Izh-81 KM chambered for 12/76 mm. This gun's magazine holds 5 rounds;

Izh-81 "Jaguar" is a combat smooth-bore rifle for various security structures, and can be used by police patrol units. Private individuals purchase guns as a weapon of self-defense. The main difference from the basic modification is the barrel length reduced to 560 mm. The permanent stock is replaced with a pistol grip;

Izh-81 “Fox Terrier” is a combat smoothbore rifle for security agencies, police patrol units and other law enforcement agencies. Can be used as a self-defense weapon. It is distinguished by the presence of a pistol grip fire control and a folding stock. The barrel length is reduced to 600 mm.

Izh-131 K pump-action smoothbore shotgun

The Izh-131 K pump-action smoothbore shotgun was developed by designers of the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant in the mid-1990s and immediately attracted the attention of gunsmiths with its original reloading system, which at that time had no analogues in the world.

The fact is that the widely used scheme for reloading guns using a movable forend does not allow for a quick enough change of the ammunition used, and the need for such a change occurs quite often during hunting and during police special operations. Therefore, the designers of the IZH-131 K provided a system for selective supply of cartridges, consisting of two magazines (under-barrel and detachable box magazine) and a switch located on the right side of the box magazine. Thanks to this design solution, the hunter can fill both magazines with cartridges with different types of projectiles. For example, fill the under-barrel magazine with bullet cartridges, and the box magazine with buckshot and, depending on the situation, using the lever-translator on the body of the magazine box, turn on one or another magazine and feed the currently needed cartridge into the chamber of the barrel.

Reloading is done in the usual way for pump-action shotguns. When the shooter moves the forend back (towards himself), the reloading system unlocks the barrel bore, removes and ejects the spent cartridge case from the chamber, cocks the hammer and feeds the next cartridge. Depending on the position of the switch, the cartridge is fed from an under-barrel tubular or detachable box magazine.

Loading the cartridge into the chamber and locking the barrel bore with the bolt is done by moving the forend forward.

The barrel of the gun is made of high-quality steel using rotary forging. The surfaces of the bore and chamber are chrome-plated, and a ventilated rib is fixed above the barrel. It is possible to supply shotguns with barrel lengths of 560, 600 and 700 mm. The guaranteed “survivability” of the barrel is 10,000 shots.

To protect against corrosion, the surfaces of metal parts are blued.

The barrel bore is locked by three lugs when the bolt is rotated, which occurs while the forend is moving.

When firing, cartridges are fed from under-barrel tubular and detachable box magazines. The under-barrel magazine can be extended using a special attachment, and then the magazine can accommodate seven rounds instead of four. The detachable box magazine holds three rounds.

Thus, taking into account one cartridge sent into the chamber, the gun can be equipped with no less than eleven cartridges!

The gun is fired with 12-gauge hunting cartridges with a case length of 70 or 76 mm. It is possible to use Magnum-type cartridges, since the designers have significantly increased the strength of the locking unit and barrel.

Protection against accidental shots is provided by a non-automatic push-button safety. The extreme right position of the button corresponds to the position “On safety”, the extreme left position corresponds to “Removed from safety”.

Commercially available guns have fore-ends and butts made of walnut, beech and stained birch. The neck of the butt is shaped like a pistol grip. It is also possible to supply a shotgun with a folding plastic stock and a pistol grip.

Open iron sights include a rib and front sight. The sighting bar is relatively short. It goes from the middle of the receiver to the junction of the barrel with the under-barrel magazine. The front sight is located on an elevated base at the muzzle of the barrel.

Serial production of the Izh-131 K shotgun was launched at the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant in 1997. It has proven itself in commercial and amateur hunting conditions in various weather and climatic conditions at ambient temperatures from –50 °C to +50 °C.

TOZ-34 in operation

According to hunters, the gun in question has better firepower compared to the Izh-27. Which is confirmed in practice. Most likely, the reason for this is strong chokes, excellent ergonomics of the weapon and traditional Tula drilling of barrels.

When shooting, a fairly strong recoil is felt, which the rubber butt pad cannot smooth out. In winter, of course, this disadvantage is smoothed out when the hunter is wearing warm clothes. During operation, this gun is characterized by good balancing and controllability.

The most important problem for new TOZ-34 owners is disassembling and reassembling the gun. Improper execution of the process often leads to scratches on the fore-end from the corners of the pads. And although the passport accurately and clearly indicates the instructions for assembling/disassembling the weapon, many cannot fit the barrels or bend the cocking levers. Sometimes the process can lead to injury to a person. Therefore, you should definitely remember that during assembly you should pull out the extractor located on the barrel block and move the locking mechanism to the right.

In general, reviews about the TOZ-34 gun are positive. Not a single owner was dissatisfied with his purchase.

Who uses it and where?

Like the standard model, this one was used by almost everyone who had to deal with hunting in professional and everyday life

The popularity of this gun is due to the fact that it is distinguished by an extremely well-thought-out and time-tested design, and, more importantly, by its maintainability, since all parts were widely distributed and, accordingly, available to every hunter. Among other things, many people also appreciated the high degree of durability and reliability of this gun.

For many hunters, an important role was played by the complete absence of a safety lock, as well as the presence of external hammers, thanks to which the weapon could be brought into battle in the shortest possible time, since simply cocking the hammers was quite enough. Also, due to this, the gun could be transported extremely easily with cartridges in the chambers with the hammer pulled, and there was no need to make any unnecessary movements to fire a shot.

Safety precautions

Owning any weapon comes with a responsibility to use it safely. There are several rules when operating TOZ-194:

• familiarize yourself with the rules for handling firearms and ammunition;
• It is not recommended to unnecessarily release the trigger;
• take into account the recoil force when firing to avoid injury;
• protect the trunk from accidental ingress of earth, snow, sand, etc.;
• control the cleanliness, lubrication and serviceability of all components and parts of the gun;
• always consider it loaded and ready to fire;
• to avoid landing of the mainspring, it should be stored with the trigger pulled;
• keep (including cartridges) in a place inaccessible to unauthorized persons.

In addition, there are a number of categorical prohibitions:

• shoot with a contaminated barrel (snow, earth, rags, wads, leaves, etc.);
• remodel and make changes not provided by the manufacturer;
• You cannot disassemble a loaded gun;
• use low-quality or inappropriate gunpowder;
• If problems occur, be sure to put the weapon on safety before finding out its causes.

All of the options described are great for amateur hunters. With such guns, you can leisurely wander around for your own pleasure: just shoot or identify a specific game for yourself. Light weight and ease of handling are also suitable for beginner shooters.

Disassembly

Disassembly of the TOZ-8 rifle can be complete or incomplete.

Incomplete disassembly

Partial disassembly of the TOZ-8 rifle is used to clean and lubricate it. To clean the rifle, it is recommended to use a modern all-purpose gun lubricant.

Partial disassembly of the rifle is carried out as follows:

• To separate the receiver cap, to do this, press the trigger with the finger of your left hand, while turning the bolt handle upwards with your right hand, the bolt is pulled back, hits the cap, moving it from its place, after which it is easy to remove it from the receiver by hand.
• Remove the bolt through the hole in the rear of the receiver.

After partial disassembly, you need to clean the barrel bore, then the receiver, bolt, trigger mechanism and stock.

Complete disassembly

Complete disassembly of the TOZ-8 rifle is performed when repairs or serious maintenance are required.

In order to completely disassemble the rifle, you must perform the following steps:

• Perform partial disassembly of the rifle as described above.
• Separate the barrel from the stock, to do this, unscrew the stop screw and lay the rifle horizontally, unscrew the tail screw, and then disconnect the barrel and receiver from the stock.
• Remove the trigger mechanism by holding the rifle by the receiver with your left hand, unscrew the trigger spring screw and remove the trigger mechanism.
• Remove the insert from the receiver; to do this, just push it with a small stick and it will fall out of the receiver channel.
• Disassemble the bolt; the procedure for disassembling the bolt is attached to the instructions that come with the rifle. It is best to disassemble the bolt in a weapons workshop.

The rifle is assembled in the reverse order.

Self-loading hunting shotguns TOZ-87M, TOZ-87 Magnum, TOZ-87 Super

Designed for professional and amateur hunting. Reloading occurs due to the energy of the powder gases removed from the barrel. The design of the trigger mechanism mount ensures simplified disassembly of the gun. The bore is chrome plated. The stock and fore-end are made of high quality walnut. Versatility of use of various cartridges with shot loads from 24 g to 36 g. The gun can be equipped with an extended magazine for 7 rounds. There are a variety of execution options - from ordinary to souvenir. TOZ-87-01M - with a ventilated aiming rib; TOZ-87-02M - with a set of choke tubes; TOZ-87-03M - with a ventilated aiming rib and a set of choke tubes; TOZ-87-04M - with a shortened barrel; TOZ-87-05M - with a shortened barrel and a set of choke tubes; TOZ-87-06M - with a shortened barrel, a set of choke tubes (including “Paradox”). Can be equipped with an optical sight; TOZ-87 “Super” - an automatic gas shutter speed regulator allows you to use cartridges of any power. The disadvantage of the gun is the trigger, made of light alloy, which often fails, and replacing it is a big problem, because This is a serialized part. The gun is not very durable. As for the replaceable attachments, on Tula semi-automatic machines (TOZ 87-03 M, MC 21-12M), as a result of their constant twisting and winding, rolling of the barrel is possible.

Modifications

Both guns (94 and 194) have modifications with some differences from their basic counterparts. "Brothers" TOZ-94:

• 94-01 has a sighting bar;
• 94-02 is equipped with a set of replaceable choke tubes;
• 94-03 received both a sighting bar and a set of choke tubes;
• 94-04 – plastic handle and additional shortened barrel.

The stock is made from high-quality walnut or beech wood. Buttstock with rubber shock absorber and pistol neck.

Shotgun TOZ-194 and its modifications:

• the basic model TOZ-194 has a pistol grip made of black plastic (there is no buttstock);
• 194-01 is equipped with a variable-capacity magazine for 7 or 9 rounds of ammunition, a set of interchangeable choke tubes, and it is possible to attach an additional interchangeable stock;
• 194-02 has a folding metal stock (folding up and forward);
• 194-03 received all the additional accessories: a variable-capacity magazine, a set of interchangeable muzzle attachments and a folding stock.

The models have proven themselves to be reliable and convenient guns for hunting and self-defense.

How does this affect hunting?

Special attention should be paid to the fact that in ordinary versions such guns are often distinguished by inappropriate wood stock and metal inserts. Do not forget that guns of this type that are too old can even be dangerous for the hunter, since their safety cock is almost completely worn out

In the same way, non-chromed barrels are not reliable.

Quite often in such guns there is a “baptism”, which involves the right barrel malfunctioning to the left, while the left one, on the contrary, malfunctions to the right. Of course, this again applies exclusively to ordinary models, but since the cost of these particular specimens was as affordable as possible for most people, they fully met the minimum requirements of the vast majority of hunters of the 60s and 70s. In the taiga, as well as other remote territories of the former USSR, despite the huge circulation, the 12-caliber TOZ-BM (trigger), in principle, was in short supply, and despite all the advantages and disadvantages, it constantly retained the status of a desirable weapon.

Description

The gun barrels are detachable and located in a vertical plane. There are standard choke constrictions. The lower barrel is a payload, the upper one is a choke. And although the passport indicates standard sizes, in reality they may differ from those declared.

On a separate base there is a firing mechanism with internal triggers and two triggers. The forend is integral, consisting of two parts, which are fastened with special screws. The hammers are cocked when the barrels are opened. To prevent accidental shots, interceptors and non-automatic fuses are provided. Spent cartridges in these guns are not removed automatically, but using a common ejector. An exception is TOZ-34E, which has an ejector mechanism.

For shooting, hunting cartridges with a sleeve length of 70 mm are used. The bore has a diameter of 18.5 mm, a deviation of 0.2 mm is allowed.

The stock, which has a pistol-shaped neck, is made of birch, walnut or beech wood.

Design

Design features of TOZ-194:

• sliding shutter;
• chrome-plated bore;
• detachable barrel;
• the trigger mechanism has a separate base;
• the barrel is connected to the magazine and the box lid using a barrel coupling and shank;
• the cartridges are locked in the chamber using the bolt lug, which fits into the barrel shank (into its window);
• under-barrel magazine, tubular;
• open non-adjustable sight;
• the forend is removable, movable, connected to the bolt frame using a rod;
• the trigger is locked with a push-button safety;
• due to the inertial puncture of the primer, the firing pin is blocked.

With proper care and storage, the service life of the gun increases.

What kind of gun is this?

TOZ-34 is a double-barreled hunting rifle. Refers to the light type with low-set trunks. The weapon is intended for amateur and commercial hunting. The first copy of the gun was released in 1964. During all this time it has become very popular.

TOZ-34 barrels are classified as hammerless hunting rifles. Available in 12, 16, 20 and 28 gauge. This is the first domestically produced serial sideflint model, which is also characterized by low weight. The weapon is distinguished by its modern, strict shape, ease of use, good balance and high accuracy of combat.

TOZ-34 shotguns, caliber 12 and 28, are produced not only in ordinary versions, but also in piece and souvenir versions. The latter are an excellent gift for hunters. TOZ-34 barrels of 20 and 32 caliber are produced in limited editions. Therefore, you can meet them much less often. Small bore guns have blocks like the 12th. This makes the weapon heavier, but at the same time makes it more reliable.

16 gauge single barrel shotguns

Now let's move on to no less striking representatives of the sixteenth caliber that deserve the attention of readers. Single barrel shotguns are in high demand among shooters as they are considered one of the lightest and easiest to handle/maintain. Russian arms concerns are ready to please shooters with the following models.

IZH-18

An excellent example of what a 16 gauge hunting rifle should be. It does not have an adjustable rear sight, but it does have a comfortable front sight. The gun has an internal trigger, and, most importantly, it can be easily disassembled into all its components, which greatly simplifies transportation. A push-button safety device is provided for safety.

Hunting rifle IZH-18

MC-21

A simple and unpretentious gun from a domestic manufacturer. A distinctive feature is the self-loading mechanism (based on the principle of a movable barrel). The built-in tubular magazine located in the forend is designed for 4 rounds. This model has performed well in regions with particularly harsh climates.

Single-barreled hunting rifle mts-21

Followers of TOZ-34

After several years of production at the plant, they came to the conclusion that the 34 hunting rifle had many disadvantages and needed to be improved. Korovyakov, together with his assistant Popikov, instead of improving the old model, developed a new TOZ-84. However, the new 84 did not go into production. Korovyakov left, and Popikov developed a new TOZ-91. The gun also required improvement, but the designer was removed from work. The remaining employees came to the new model TOZ-120, then to TOZ-200. But it didn’t go into mass production either. As a result, we settled on 120.

In 1968, production of the improved TOZ-34E with an ejector mechanism began. Mass production began in 1969.

Excerpt characterizing TOZ-194

Alpatych, at a swimming pace, so as not to run, barely caught up with Rostov at a trot. – What decision did you decide to make? - he said, catching up with him. Rostov stopped and, clenching his fists, suddenly moved menacingly towards Alpatych. - Solution? What's the solution? Old bastard! - he shouted at him. -What were you watching? A? Men are rebelling, but you can’t cope? You yourself are a traitor. I know you, I’ll skin you all... - And, as if afraid to waste his reserve of ardor in vain, he left Alpatych and quickly walked forward. Alpatych, suppressing the feeling of insult, kept up with Rostov at a floating pace and continued to communicate his thoughts to him. He said that the men were stubborn, that at the moment it was unwise to oppose them without having a military command, that it would not be better to send for a command first. “I’ll give them a military command... I’ll fight them,” Nikolai said senselessly, suffocating from unreasonable animal anger and the need to vent this anger. Not realizing what he would do, unconsciously, with a quick, decisive step, he moved towards the crowd. And the closer he moved to her, the more Alpatych felt that his unreasonable act could produce good results. The men of the crowd felt the same, looking at his fast and firm gait and decisive, frowning face. After the hussars entered the village and Rostov went to the princess, there was confusion and discord in the crowd. Some men began to say that these newcomers were Russians and how they would not be offended by the fact that they did not let the young lady out. Drone was of the same opinion; but as soon as he expressed it, Karp and other men attacked the former headman. – How many years have you been eating the world? - Karp shouted at him. - It’s all the same to you! You dig up the little jar, take it away, do you want to destroy our houses or not? - It was said that there should be order, no one should leave the houses, so as not to take out any blue gunpowder - that’s all it is! - shouted another. “There was a line for your son, and you probably regretted your hunger,” the little old man suddenly spoke quickly, attacking Dron, “and you shaved my Vanka.” Oh, we're going to die! - Then we’ll die! “I am not a refuser from the world,” said Dron. - He’s not a refusenik, he’s grown a belly!.. Two long men had their say. As soon as Rostov, accompanied by Ilyin, Lavrushka and Alpatych, approached the crowd, Karp, putting his fingers behind his sash, slightly smiling, came forward. The drone, on the contrary, entered the back rows, and the crowd moved closer together.

The history of the appearance of the TOZ-54 gun

The Tula double-barreled shotgun was the most popular hunting weapon of the first half of the 20th century. The unpretentious products of the Tula Arms Factory, which have excellent combat, were the dream of any taiga hunter. Double-barreled shotguns had the following characteristics:

• Excellent balancing;
• Optimal weight;
• Unpretentiousness to ammunition;
• Reliable operation in all weather conditions;
• The ability to hit any animal with a gun, from a squirrel to a bear.

Various models and variants of Tula double-barreled shotguns of various calibers were produced from 1904 to 1990 with minimal changes in design.

After Captain Zybin returned from a business trip, he presented his superiors with a detailed report, which detailed an analysis of weapons production in the following countries:

• Germany;
• Austria-Hungary;
• Belgium;
• England;
• France.

At the end of the report, the approximate volumes and profits of hunting weapons production were indicated, and there was also a proposal to organize production at the Tula plant, similar to the Belgian one. The High Commission, having familiarized itself with the proposal of the young engineer, not only gave the green light to the organization of a new weapons production, but also presented this project to Tsar Nicholas II, who approved this project at the legislative level.

Hunter's life. TOZ-97. Characteristics and features of the Arhar carbine

Tula Toz-200 shotgun: brief description, characteristics, reviews

The TOZ-97 cannot be called an ordinary hunting carbine, of which there are now a huge number on the weapons market. Its specificity and relationship with another famous carbine add value to it and confirm its high level of reliability.

We all understand perfectly well that over time, new models of weapons appear that are superior to their predecessors in a number of indicators. This is normal and will happen all the time.

The fact is that after the legendary SKS carbine was decommissioned, there were a lot of such high-quality rifled weapons in warehouses.

As a rule, obsolete weapons are simply destroyed because they are no longer needed. In this case, everything went according to a different scenario.

At the Tula Arms Plant they began to remake it and created a new model of a hunting carbine, and not a military model. Some minor design and appearance changes were made.

Characteristics of TOZ-97 "Argali"

Contents of the article:

• The length of the weapon's barrel is 513 mm. It is made of high-quality steel, so there is no need to worry about it.
• The caliber is very large and is equal to 7.62x39 mm. This is often enough to hunt roe deer, elk and wild boar, so there is a certain interest among ungulate hunting enthusiasts in this specimen.
• The design of the weapon provides for a magazine with 10 rounds of ammunition. They are fed into the chamber automatically. The magazine cannot be removed, but it is covered with a box that is removable and allows you to equip it and clean it.
• Aiming is done using the rear sight and front sight, but there is a real possibility of installing an optical sight, which is what most owners do.
• The safety is located behind the trigger guard and has the shape of a flag.
• Shooting can only be done with single shots. The supply of cartridges and their extraction occurs due to the energy that is released from the action of powder gases when fired.
• The target range of a shot can reach 1000 m, but it is not customary to shoot at such a distance when hunting. Basically, bullets fly at a distance of about 100 meters. The spread can be within 20 cm from the aiming point.
• The stock of the carbine is made of walnut and has a typical hunting semi-pistol shape with certain patterns for a more attractive look. It was this part of the weapon that was completely replaced.
• The weight of a hunting rifle ranges from 3.5 to 3.9 kg. This difference is due to the presence or absence of optics, the number of loaded cartridges in the magazine, etc.

Advantages and disadvantages of rifled weapons

1. Large caliber, which allows you to kill a large animal.
2. Modern and comfortable walnut stock.
3. The presence of a fuse that allows you to protect against accidental shots.
4. It is possible to install optics.
5. Availability of a spacious store.
6. Attractive appearance.

If we talk about shortcomings, then no obvious defects or weaknesses have been identified. We can only make one remark, which is that this carabiner has to be cleaned and lubricated quite often.

Bottom line

In appearance, the self-loading carbine is the most traditional hunting weapon that exists today. Its history is inextricably linked with the Simonov carbine, from which it received almost the entire mechanical part.

Only the stock underwent changes, and the bayonet was completely removed along with the mountings for it. Rifled weapons perform well when hunting wild boar, elk and roe deer.

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And let's sum it up

What should be said about the weapon at the end? Undoubtedly, the TOZ-34 hunting rifle is a kind of unique domestic invention. Its main advantages: lightness, excellent balancing, adaptability, locking strength, excellent combat with shot and bullets. And the appearance of the weapon is distinguished by its attractiveness. It has a large working resource, which is difficult to shoot. This is especially true for ordinary amateurs.

The weak point of the TOZ-34 is the mainsprings and their frequent breakdowns. That is why these spare parts are included as standard. In general, if a competent factory worker assembled the gun, the weapon will serve well not only the owner himself, but also his grandchildren.

Small-caliber barrels are currently practically irrelevant. There is no point in using them. The exception is some wilderness where there is a shortage of gunpowder and shot. Well, another advantage of a small-caliber gun is its high reliability and durability.

Soviet-era shotguns are of high quality, with virtually no complaints. Modern weapons are not so well built, but they will last a long time and reliably.

Interesting facts and conclusions

One of the most pleasant aspects of the Tula Arms Factory TOZ-106 gun is the ability to modify it. People who bought a carbine can change the stock or stock on it. Special craftsmen adjust the optics. Competitors include the “Lynx-K” series of carbines, however, they have a slightly different design. The carbines have the same barrel, without threading.

In addition to this advantage, “tozik” also has critical disadvantages. Firstly, it is worth noting the poor processing of the wooden parts of the product. Secondly, there are problems with the internal mechanics; often the parts have a rough grind, which leads to a tight shutter movement that produces a loud grinding noise. Thirdly, with a full magazine, it is very problematic to pull it “out into the light of day,” but an empty one can be removed well.

If we put aside all the shortcomings, then the TOZ is a modern carbine that will appeal to both amateur and professional hunters. Moreover, the price (especially on the secondary market) is acceptable for all segments of the population.