Depending on their functional purpose, tractor trailers are produced in different formats and configurations. Moreover, each exhibit has its own PTS (vehicle passport), so before you buy this or that model, it’s a good idea to inquire about its technical characteristics.
For example, a universal model called a tractor dump semi-trailer has an onboard platform. Increasing the sides makes it possible to use such devices when transporting agricultural products or building materials.
Application
In agriculture, a tractor tipper semi-trailer can transport:
- all types of fertilizers;
- containers with liquids;
- bulk substances.
Specialized tractor dump semi-trailers are sometimes extremely necessary. However, narrow specialization turns a narrow-profile unit into a complex and expensive product. It is not always economically rational to use such mechanisms.
The following are also considered specialized equipment:
- trailers for transporting agricultural equipment (tractors, combines);
- transportation of cattle.
Trailers have rotating devices, so the issue of unloading bulk products in this case is easier to solve. Such designs are easier to work with, they are more functional and reliable. Trailers with swivel mechanisms are often found in mountainous areas where high stability is required.
In addition, the semi-mounted tractor chassis trailer is suitable for mounting special equipment.
PTS trailer design
In their structure, towed vehicles have:
- welded frame made of high strength steel;
- chassis, with the number of wheels depending on the number of axles (from one to three);
- body part with flatbed body or dump body;
- a hydraulic part that allows lifting and lowering the dump body;
- brake block.
A tractor trailer can have a conventional design or have one of three types of metal extension sides: lattice, mesh, metal. Both models can be easily combined with various tractors with different traction classes.
Trailers may have special clamping devices, which is worth paying attention to when choosing if you are not going to bother with other methods of securing the load.
Constructions
Tractor dump semi-trailer is differentiated into the following types:
- standard semi-trailer;
- full-fledged models;
- semi-mounted representatives.
The design of the trailer is made in such a way that the weight of the transported material is evenly distributed over two axles and a hydraulic hook. In tractor devices, the main load falls on the hydraulic trailer hook and the axle, which is located at the rear.
In semi-mounted equipment, the load is evenly distributed on the axle and the hydraulic trailer hook of the unit. One of the main advantages of these models is also that they connect to each other. Thus, it is possible to configure the device at your discretion.
Road trains in which several elements are involved. Most often in agriculture you can see harvesting machines that work in conjunction with loading trailers.
Variety of tractor trailers
Tractor trailers differ according to their size parameters, as well as purpose, number of axles, body type and versatility.
Based on the chassis, trailed vehicles can be divided into the following groups:
- Trailers characterized by uniform distribution of the mass of the cargo and the device itself along the axles and on the hydraulic hook.
- The semi-trailer is standard - the stability of this device is ensured by one axle and traction technology.
- Semi-mounted trailers - capable of being connected to each other.
Today, the market is replete with a variety of towed devices - tipper tractor trailers, towed vehicles with tail lifts, sliding semi-trailers, tanks, self-loading roll and bale trailers, folding trailers, etc. All these modifications of towed devices allow you to move loads of various weights and dimensions.
A tractor dump trailer (PTT), compared to a conventional flatbed trailer, allows for unloading much faster by raising the body using hydraulics. This process not only saves time, but also eliminates the need for human labor.
Main modifications
The most popular representatives of towed devices are the following:
- Tractor trailer 2 PTS 4 is equipped with a loading platform. There are hydraulic lifts that tilt in three directions. Specially designed for transporting bulk or solid loads other than cobblestones or rock formations.
- Tractor trailer with index 2 PTS 2 and model 4 5. Special equipment is suitable for driving in field conditions, and is also intended for all types of roads. Extension sides are all-metal or mesh.
- Tipper tractor semi-trailer with the name pst 6. Suitable for transporting construction materials, root crops, grain, fertilizers, and other goods. The unit is distinguished by a rear beveled side and two side hydraulic cylinders, which guarantee quick loading and unloading, since the fall height is no more than 20 cm.
Technical characteristics 2 PTS-4
The body length is 6.3 meters and the width is 2.57.
It should be noted that the high metal sides have stiffening ribs. These mechanisms are designed for tractors that have hydraulic pneumatic systems. The weight of the cargo reaches five tons. Special equipment has the following types of units:
- welded frame;
- swivel mechanism;
- axles with suspensions;
- platform tipping hydraulic unit;
- brake block.
If a tractor dump semi-trailer receives the heaviest load on the frame, then the following forces are at work:
- static loads;
- dynamic loads;
- twisting forces.
A mechanical impulse occurs during movement or braking. In semi-trailers, the frames are reliable relative to twisting forces. Some elements (tanks, grain bodies) take on part of the large loads, thereby slightly reducing the load on the frame.
Vibrators also provide great assistance in unloading tractor trailers, as they effectively “shake” the contents of the body.
Indispensability of tractor trailers
A tractor trailer, including the rather practical and popular type PTS (tipper) can be used to participate in various types of activities. Depending on the purpose and model, these vehicles can transport bulk materials of various fractions, as well as cargo with a fairly liquid consistency. With the help of tractor trailers the following are produced:
- loading, transportation and unloading of various types of cargo;
- spreading sand and other materials, as well as other public works;
- spraying, watering and other work on agricultural land;
- cleaning of construction areas;
- operations related to firefighting, and much more.
Semi-trailers
This type of transport is connected to the tractor using a saddle assembly and a device called a “hydraulic hook”. These elements can effectively improve traction and grip characteristics.
Such semi-trailers stand out for their excellent dynamics and maneuverability. They weigh a third less than a standard tow hitch and are easier to use. A tractor with a semi-trailer has great advantages over a full-fledged heavy trailer.
It is also possible to attach several more of the same mechanisms to the semi-trailer. For example, PST-12 (12 dump semi-trailer) is one of the best mechanisms of this class. It is capable of carrying twelve tons of cargo. Body volume reaches more than 14.6 cubic meters. The unit is used in field work. Works with 2.0 TC tractors.
Additionally, the design is equipped with a screw element, which mechanizes the filling and unloading of bulk products.
Performance characteristics of 12 PST
- Weight 1.51 tons;
- Semi-trailer weight 323 kg;
- Tractor power 14-42 hp;
- Dimensions (if you consider the drawbar in the lowered form) (LxWxH) 3247x1552x1224 mm;
- Body size inside: 1912x1472x310 mm;
- The height of the sides without extensions is 305 mm;
- The side can be increased up to 524mm;
- Can be driven by a hydraulic system;
- Elevation angle 56 degrees;
- Ground clearance 314 mm;
- Axles 1 pc.;
- The suspension is hard;
- Parameters of the coupling loop DxS 32x34 mm;
- Speed up to 26 km/h;
- Minimum operating pressure in the hydraulic system, MPa 1.11;
- Maximum operating pressure in the hydraulic system, MPa 2.1.
The following are the characteristics of 2 PTS 4 5
Performance characteristics of PTS-4
Seats in the cabin, pcs.: 2
Weight PTS-4
— 33,145 tons
Load capacity of PTS-4
— on land: 12 tons — on water and approaches to water obstacles: 18 tons
PTS-4 speed
Maximum speed, km/h: - on land: 60 - on water: 15
Dimensions of PTS-4
Dimensions of the cargo platform, mm: - length: 8280 - width: 3300
Engine PTS-4
— engine power, hp: 840
Fuel range:
— on land, km: 587 — on water, h: 10.6
Armament PTS-4
Closed anti-aircraft gun: - caliber, mm: 12.7 - ammunition, pcs: 400
Semi-mounted devices
A semi-mounted trailer is the same two or three-axle mechanism. The mass here transfers from the front axle to the hydraulic hook and chassis. Thus, the coefficient of adhesion with the tractor increases , and the overall load capacity increases.
Freight road trains significantly increase productivity and can replace several dump trucks. Moreover, performance is limited by the permissible maximum axle loads.
The connection point of the frame itself is pushed forward. The weight is distributed between the cart and the tractor. This helps to increase grip and traction capabilities. When compared with a trailer, a semi-trailer has a carrying capacity that is on average one third higher.
Tips for choosing
When it comes to new trailers, it’s worth paying attention to the overall quality of workmanship. Some manufacturers use low-quality paints, so even on a new product it can sometimes crumble. Instead of normal operation, you will have to invest money and time in repainting. In addition, if the wiring to the lights is laid carelessly (and this happens quite often), then in winter it will rot.
When purchasing a used trailer, you need to carefully inspect the frame. If you constantly drive with an overload (and this happens all the time), a deflection or even a crack may form on it. A used frame (if you can’t weld the existing one) will cost 10 thousand rubles. Also require attention when choosing a trailer and sides made of boards or metal. Wooden ones may already be rotten, and steel ones may be subject to corrosion.
Be sure to read: Classification of plows for plowing
It is worth paying attention to the documents , which must be in perfect order. The cheapest used trailers do not have them at all (hence the price at the bottom of the market). Under certain circumstances, such a cart can even be registered, but this procedure is not very simple. Some even drive “as is,” although this risks a fine, as well as having the trailer delivered to a special parking lot. You can buy documents for the 2PTS4 trailer and separately from the cart itself - for about 15 thousand rubles.
Advantages of new PTS trailers
Separately, it is worth noting the advantages of purchasing a new PTS trailer. Here you can easily identify a number of advantages:
- The hydraulics of the device are not worn out, which means its performance will be as high as possible according to the established parameters, and mandatory and timely maintenance will probably cost less than in the case of an older device;
- Trailers manufactured by well-known and trusted companies have quality certificates, which means they are almost guaranteed to last according to the established service life;
- In the event of a malfunction, in accordance with the warranty, you can repair or even replace the trailer absolutely free of charge.
You can purchase reliable towbars at, where a wide range of them is presented at the most reasonable prices in Russia.
