M270 MLRS (M270 MLRS)

Why is the M270 MLRS MLRS dangerous?

Since 1983, the US Army has used the M270 MLRS multiple launch rocket system. Later, this MLRS entered service with other armies. Despite its advanced age, the M270 retains high combat qualities and remains the main example of its class in the armies of several countries. Such successes are based on a number of design features, the availability of various ammunition, etc.

MLRS M270 MLRS in combat position

Design Features

The M270 combat vehicle is a tracked platform with an artillery unit mounted on it.
The chassis units are unified with the M2 Bradley infantry fighting vehicle, which simplifies operation and provides high performance. The M270 artillery unit was developed using interesting solutions that became the key to subsequent modernization. Unlike other MLRS, the American M270 does not have a package of guides for launching rockets. Instead, the M269 launch-charging module is used. It is made in the form of an armored box with seats for two transport and launch containers. To accommodate the latter, the M269 has its own reloading mechanism. Due to this mechanism, TPKs with missiles can be received from any transport vehicle.

A standard container for unguided missiles of 227 mm caliber consists of a metal frame and six fiberglass pipes with missiles that act as guides. Spiral slides on the pipe wall ensure the rocket spins up during launch.

Launch of a 227 mm unguided rocket

The M270 artillery unit accepts two containers at once, which allows it to fire a salvo of 12 227 mm rockets. After firing, the container is removed and a new one is installed in its place.

Such a launcher architecture to a certain extent simplifies preparation for firing, and also provides a good basis for modernization. The M269 product has a significant internal volume, suitable for use not only by TPK for 227 mm missiles. Thus, within the framework of this artillery unit it was possible to fit the MGM-140 ATACMS operational-tactical missile of 610 mm caliber.

The presence of such ammunition has sharply expanded the range of MLRS tasks that can be solved, and also transferred it to another class of equipment. It is easy to see that a different M269 launcher architecture would not have allowed for similar results.

Missiles

A wide range of ammunition of different types and for various purposes has been developed for the M270 MLRS MLRS. The most common are unguided rockets with different payloads. Products of the M26 line are designed to engage various area targets over a wide range of ranges. The M27 and M28 are training ammunition with different configurations.

M269 module without TPK, rear view

M26 projectiles of three modifications receive a cassette warhead that can accommodate up to 644 M77 or M85 fragmentation-cumulative combat elements. The maximum firing range in the M26 line is 45 km. The M27 product is an inert M26 rocket designed to test ammunition loading. The M28 training round follows the design of the M26, but carries combat load simulators and smoke bombs to mark impact points. The M28A1 training missile has a reduced firing range to 9 km.

As part of the GMLRS project, several 227 mm caliber guided missiles with different payload options and flight characteristics were developed. The M30 projectile is equipped with a GPS-guided seeker and carries 404 M85 submunitions. Firing range – up to 70 km. The M31 missile has a similar design, but carries a monoblock warhead. In the near future, the start of operation of GMLRS-ER missiles is expected - products with a flight range of up to 150 km.

The bulk of the missiles for the M270 were developed in the United States, but several samples were created in foreign countries. Thus, the German AT2 missile is based on the M26 design and carries a cluster warhead with anti-tank mines of the same name. Such ammunition is intended for remote mining of areas. In the recent past, Israel modernized its M270 and supplemented its ammunition with three new missiles with trajectory correction or full homing.

The process of loading the TPK onto the launch module. Top right - retractable lifting frame

Operational-tactical missiles

The US Army currently does not have specialized operational-tactical missile systems.
The functions of such equipment are assigned to the existing M270 and M142 HIMARS MLRS. The ATACMS family of missiles were developed for use on the MLRS. The M269 mount can accommodate two TPKs with similar weapons. Products of the MGM-140 ATACMS family are guided ballistic missiles less than 4 m long with a diameter of 610 mm. Starting weight, depending on modification, is no more than 1700 kg. Several versions of the missile have been developed, differing in guidance means, warhead and characteristics.

The first missile of the family, MGM-140A, had a guidance system based on inertial navigation and delivered 950 M74 high-explosive fragmentation elements at a distance of up to 130 km. The MGM-140B project used inertial and satellite navigation. The number of submunitions was reduced to 275, which improved flight characteristics and increased the firing range to 165 km.

ATACMS missile (left) and TPK with 227 mm shells

The newest missile in the line is the MGM-168 (Block IVA). It carries a 227 kg unitary high-explosive fragmentation warhead and has a seeker from the MGM-140B. The range has been increased to 270 km. No new modifications were developed. Since 2022, the ATACMS SLEP service life extension program has been implemented. It provides for the repair and renewal of missiles in storage, bringing their characteristics closer to the MGM-168 project.

In 2016, work began on a new missile to replace the aging ATACMS. The LPRF (Long Range Precision Fires) project envisages the creation of an operational-tactical missile with a range of up to 500 km. By improving individual components, the combat load should be increased and the dimensions reduced. The transport and launch container for the M270 must accommodate two missiles at once.

In the near future, Raytheon and Lockheed Martin plan to launch flight tests of a new missile, now called PRSM (Precision Strike Missile). In connection with the US withdrawal from the INF Treaty, the possibility of reworking this project in order to increase the firing range is not excluded. The 500 km specified for LPRF/PRSM were subject to restrictions of this agreement, now no longer valid.

M26A1/A2 missile diagram

According to reports, no new launchers will be developed for PRSM. Such weapons will be used on platforms in the form of the M270 and M142 HIMARS MLRS.

Universal weapon

According to open data, the US Army now has about a thousand MLRS of the M270 MLRS type.
About a quarter of this number has been modernized under the M270A1 project in recent years, resulting in improved tactical and technical characteristics. Significant numbers of such MLRS have been put into reserve, but others continue to be used. Over three and a half decades, the M270 MLRS service has come a long way. The launcher was repeatedly modernized, and in parallel, modifications of existing ammunition were created and completely new ones were developed. As a result, instead of a multiple launch rocket system with a specific range of tasks, the US Army received a multi-purpose missile system that combines the qualities of several classes of equipment.

Using M270 MLRS combat vehicles with different ammunition, the United States and other operating countries can solve different combat missions inherent in MLRS and OTRK. This approach is planned to be maintained in the future. To replace the existing ATACMS missiles, a new PRSM model is being created.

Launch of the MGM-140 ATACMS product

The appearance of such weapons will again increase the combat qualities of the basic MLRS, and the growth may be higher than previously expected. Based on the results of recent events, the United States does not face the restrictions of the INF Treaty, and the range of the promising missile may be greater than the previously announced 500 km.

The high combat potential of the M270 MLRS complex is ensured by several main factors. First of all, this is a successful launcher architecture, charged using standardized transport and launch modules. The second factor is the constant modernization of the means and equipment of a self-propelled combat vehicle. The development of new missiles for various purposes is of decisive importance.

Despite its considerable age, the M270 MLRS MLRS retains high performance, and in the near future it will receive new capabilities. Thanks to this, the US Army is able to continue operating not the latest vehicles without any loss in performance. Over time, the M270 will have to give way to newer developments, but for now this remains a matter of the distant future. The MLRS will remain in service with the military for years to come.

In service

Currently in service with the armies of 15 countries:

USA USA - 830 M270A1 and unknown number of M270, as of 2016[8]
Bahrain Bahrain - 9 MLRS, as of 2016[9]
UK UK - 35 M270, as of 2016[10]
Germany Germany - 38 MLRS, as of 2016[11]
Greece Greece - 36 MLRS, as of 2007[12]
Denmark Denmark - 12 MLRS, as of 2007[13]
Egypt Egypt - 26 M270, as of 2016[14]
Israel Israel - 60 M270 (of which 30 are in storage), as of 2016[15]
Italy Italy - 21 MLRS, as of 2016[16]
Republic of Korea Republic of Korea - 29 M270, as of 2016[17]
Netherlands Netherlands - 22 MLRS, as of 2007[18]
Norway Norway - 12 MLRS, as of 2007[19]
Turkey Turkey - 12 MLRS, as of 2007[20]
Finland Finland - 22 M270, as of 2016[21]
France France - 13 M270, as of 2016[22]
Japan Japan - 99 M270, as of 2016[23]

Notes

[www.military-today.com/artillery/m270_mlrs.htm M270 MLRS]
[www.army-technology.com/projects/mlrs/MLRS, United States of America]
[military-informer.narod.ru/mlrs.html MLRS multiple launch rocket system]
[www.army-guide.com/eng/product3948.html VTA 903-T660]
[www.lenta.ru/news/2012/04/26/gmlrs/ The United States ordered a new missile for multiple launch rocket systems]
↑ 1 2 3
[www.lockheedmartin.com/data/assets/12820.pdf MLRS Multiple Launch Rocket System] (English) (inaccessible link -
history
). - official booklet of Lockheed Martin. Retrieved April 23, 2010. [web.archive.org/20071023124742/www.lockheedmartin.com/data/assets/12820.pdf Archived from the original on October 23, 2007].
[www.roe.ru/news/lenty/lenta_10_10_07.html Rosoboronexport, press review]
The Military Balance 2016. - P. 40.
The Military Balance 2016. - P. 322.
The Military Balance 2016. - P. 152.
The Military Balance 2016. - P. 101.
The Military Balance 2007. - P. 119.
The Military Balance 2007. - P. 108.
The Military Balance 2016. - P. 324.
The Military Balance 2016. - P. 334.
The Military Balance 2016. - P. 11.
The Military Balance 2016. - P. 267.
The Military Balance 2007. - P. 130.
The Military Balance 2007. - P. 132.
The Military Balance 2007. - P. 145.
The Military Balance 2016. - P. 93.
The Military Balance 2016. - P. 96.
The Military Balance 2016. - P. 261.
[www.designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-140.html Lockheed Martin (LTV) MGM-140 ATACMS] (English). Designation-Systems.net (September 19, 2006). Retrieved November 22, 2009. [www.webcitation.org/66WHN5PUD Archived from the original on March 29, 2012].
[www.army-guide.com/rus/article/article.php?forumID=383 GMLRS was successfully used in Iraq]
[www.haaretz.co.il/misc/1.1120607 צה»ל מפעיל לראשונה רקטות MLRS — כללי — הארץ]
↑ 12
he:משגר רקטות M-270 MLRS
[www.haaretz.co.il/misc/1.1549019 www.haaretz.co.il/misc/1.1549019 ץ]
[www.nrg.co.il/online/1/ART1/507/411.html חדשות — צבא וביטחון nrg — …חלוץ: מי הורה על שימוש בפצצות]

Combat use

Gulf War (1991)
M270 MLRS were used during Operation Desert Storm, firing a total of 32 MGM-140A missiles against Iraqi targets.[24]

Iraq War (2003–2011)

GMLRS were actively used to destroy Iraqi guerrillas and the country's infrastructure.[25]

Second Lebanon War (2006)

M270 MLRS (called “menatets” - “destroyer” in the IDF) were used in the July 2006 war for the first time in 12 years[26] of being in service with the IDF (since 1994)[27]. The use of the M270 MLRS resulted in the destruction of dozens of rocket launchers and dozens of Hezbollah fighters, as well as the deaths of approximately 24 civilians,[28] some of whom were killed by unexploded M270 cluster munition bombs left over from the war. The use of MLRS and its consequences have drawn criticism around the world. As a result of criticism, Chief of the General Staff Dan Halutz denied that he had given the order to use MLRS near populated areas, and appointed a commission to verify the possible issuance of the order at lower command levels.[29] In the same war, the so-called. “trajectory-correcting missiles” of Israeli design, which are currently being used in the IDF to replace standard cluster munitions for the M270[27].

Literature

Gogin V., Fedoseev A.
Prospects for the development of multiple launch rocket systems (Russian) // Foreign military review. - M., 1995. - No. 1. - P. 26-32. — ISSN [www.sigla.ru/table.jsp?f=8&t=3&v0=0134-921X&f=1003&t=1&v1=&f=4&t=2&v2=&f=21&t=3&v3=&f=1016&t=3&v4=&f=1016&t=3&v5 =&bf=4&b=&d=0&ys=&ye=&lng=&ft=&mt=&dt=&vol=&pt=&iss=&ps=&pe=&tr=&tro=&cc=UNION&i=1&v=tagged&s=0&ss=0&st=0&i18n=ru&rlf=&psz =20&bs=20&ce=hJfuypee8JzzufeGmImYYIpZKRJeeOeeWGJIZRrRRrdmtdeee88NJJJJpeeefTJ3peKJJ3UWWPtzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzbzzvzzpy5zzjzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz zzzzztzzzzzzbzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzyeyTjkDnyHzTuueKZePz9decyzzLzzzL*.c8.NzrGJJvufeeeeeJheeyzjeeeeJh*peeeeKJJJJJJJJJmjHvOJJJJJJJJfe eeieeeeSJJJJSJJJ3TeIJJJJ3..E.UEAcyhxD.eeeeeeuzzzLJJJJ5.e8JJJheeeeeeeeeeeeyeeK3JJJJJJJJ*s7defeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeSJJJJJJJZIJJzzz1..6LJJJJJJtJJZ4….EK*&deb ug=false 0134-921X].
Regentov M.
American MLRS (Russian) // Foreign Military Review. - M.: "Red Star", 1987. - No. 4. - P. 23-25. — ISSN [www.sigla.ru/table.jsp?f=8&t=3&v0=0134-921X&f=1003&t=1&v1=&f=4&t=2&v2=&f=21&t=3&v3=&f=1016&t=3&v4=&f=1016&t=3&v5 =&bf=4&b=&d=0&ys=&ye=&lng=&ft=&mt=&dt=&vol=&pt=&iss=&ps=&pe=&tr=&tro=&cc=UNION&i=1&v=tagged&s=0&ss=0&st=0&i18n=ru&rlf=&psz =20&bs=20&ce=hJfuypee8JzzufeGmImYYIpZKRJeeOeeWGJIZRrRRrdmtdeee88NJJJJpeeefTJ3peKJJ3UWWPtzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzbzzvzzpy5zzjzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz zzzzztzzzzzzbzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzyeyTjkDnyHzTuueKZePz9decyzzLzzzL*.c8.NzrGJJvufeeeeeJheeyzjeeeeJh*peeeeKJJJJJJJJJmjHvOJJJJJJJJfe eeieeeeSJJJJSJJJ3TeIJJJJ3..E.UEAcyhxD.eeeeeeuzzzLJJJJ5.e8JJJheeeeeeeeeeeeyeeK3JJJJJJJJ*s7defeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeSJJJJJJJZIJJzzz1..6LJJJJJJtJJZ4….EK*&deb ug=false 0134-921X].

Excerpt characterizing the M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System

“Well!...” said the old count, spreading his arms and sank helplessly onto the sofa. - What to do! Who hasn't this happened to? - said the son in a cheeky, bold tone, while in his soul he considered himself a scoundrel, a scoundrel who could not atone for his crime with his whole life. He would have liked to kiss his father's hands, on his knees to ask for his forgiveness, but he said in a careless and even rude tone that this happens to everyone. Count Ilya Andreich lowered his eyes when he heard these words from his son and hurried, looking for something. “Yes, yes,” he said, “it’s difficult, I’m afraid, it’s difficult to get... never happened to anyone!” yes, who hasn’t happened to... - And the count glanced briefly into his son’s face and walked out of the room... Nikolai was preparing to fight back, but he never expected this. - Daddy! pa... hemp! - he shouted after him, sobbing; excuse me! “And, grabbing his father’s hand, he pressed his lips to it and began to cry. While the father was explaining to his son, an equally important explanation was taking place between the mother and daughter. Natasha ran to her mother excitedly. - Mom!... Mom!... he did it to me... - What did he do? - I did, I proposed. Mother! Mother! - she shouted. The Countess could not believe her ears. Denisov proposed. To whom? This tiny girl Natasha, who had recently been playing with dolls and was now taking lessons. - Natasha, that’s complete nonsense! – she said, still hoping that it was a joke. - Well, that's nonsense! “I’m telling you the truth,” Natasha said angrily. – I came to ask what to do, and you tell me: “nonsense”... The Countess shrugged. “If it’s true that Monsieur Denisov proposed to you, then tell him that he’s a fool, that’s all.” “No, he’s not a fool,” Natasha said offendedly and seriously. - Well, what do you want? You are all in love these days. Well, you’re in love, so marry him! – the countess said, laughing angrily. - With God blessing! - No, mom, I’m not in love with him, I must not be in love with him. - Well, tell him so. - Mom, are you angry? You’re not angry, my dear, what’s my fault? - No, what about it, my friend? If you want, I’ll go and tell him,” said the countess, smiling. - No, I’ll do it myself, just teach me. Everything is easy for you,” she added, responding to her smile. - If only you could see how he told me this! After all, I know that he didn’t mean to say this, but he said it by accident. - Well, you still have to refuse. - No, don't. I feel so sorry for him! He is so cute. - Well, then accept the offer. “And then it’s time to get married,” the mother said angrily and mockingly. - No, mom, I feel so sorry for him. I don't know how I'll say it. “You don’t have anything to say, I’ll say it myself,” said the countess, indignant that they dared to look at this little Natasha as if she were big. “No, no way, I myself, and you listen at the door,” and Natasha ran through the living room into the hall, where Denisov was sitting on the same chair, by the clavichord, covering his face with his hands. He jumped up at the sound of her light steps. “Natalie,” he said, approaching her with quick steps, “decide my fate.” It's in your hands! - Vasily Dmitrich, I feel so sorry for you!... No, but you are so nice... but don’t... this... otherwise I will always love you. Denisov bent over her hand, and she heard strange sounds, incomprehensible to her. She kissed his black, matted, curly head. At this time, the hasty noise of the countess's dress was heard. She approached them. “Vasily Dmitrich, I thank you for the honor,” said the countess in an embarrassed voice, but which seemed stern to Denisov, “but my daughter is so young, and I thought that you, as a friend of my son, would turn to me first.” In this case, you would not put me in the need of refusal. “Gafinya,” Denisov said with downcast eyes and a guilty look, he wanted to say something else and faltered. Natasha could not calmly see him so pitiful. She began to sob loudly. “Countess, I am guilty before you,” Denisov continued in a broken voice, “but know that I adore your daughter and your entire family so much that I would give two lives...” He looked at the countess and, noticing her stern face... “Well, farewell, lady,” he said, kissed her hand and, without looking at Natasha, walked out of the room with quick, decisive steps. The next day, Rostov saw off Denisov, who did not want to stay in Moscow for another day. Denisov was seen off at the gypsies by all his Moscow friends, and he did not remember how they put him in the sleigh and how they took him to the first three stations. After Denisov’s departure, Rostov, waiting for the money that the old count could not suddenly collect, spent another two weeks in Moscow, without leaving the house, and mainly in the young ladies’ room. Sonya was more tender and devoted to him than before. She seemed to want to show him that his loss was a feat for which she now loves him even more; but Nikolai now considered himself unworthy of her. He filled the girls' albums with poems and notes, and without saying goodbye to any of his acquaintances, finally sending all 43 thousand and receiving Dolokhov's signature, he left at the end of November to catch up with the regiment, which was already in Poland. After his explanation with his wife, Pierre went to St. Petersburg. In Torzhok there were no horses at the station, or the caretaker did not want them. Pierre had to wait. Without undressing, he lay down on a leather sofa in front of a round table, put his big feet in warm boots on this table and thought. – Will you order the suitcases to be brought in? Make the bed, would you like some tea? – asked the valet. Pierre did not answer because he did not hear or see anything. He began to think at the last station and continued to think about the same thing - about something so important that he did not pay any attention to what was happening around him. Not only was he not interested in the fact that he would arrive in St. Petersburg later or earlier, or whether he would or would not have a place to rest at this station, but it was still in comparison with the thoughts that occupied him now whether he would stay for a few days. hours or a lifetime at this station. The caretaker, the caretaker, the valet, the woman with Torzhkov sewing came into the room, offering their services. Pierre, without changing his position with his legs raised, looked at them through his glasses, and did not understand what they could need and how they could all live without resolving the questions that occupied him. And he was preoccupied with the same questions from the very day he returned from Sokolniki after the duel and spent the first, painful, sleepless night; only now, in the solitude of the journey, did they take possession of him with special power. No matter what he started to think about, he returned to the same questions that he could not solve, and could not stop asking himself. It was as if the main screw on which his whole life was held had turned in his head. The screw did not go in further, did not go out, but spun, not grabbing anything, still on the same groove, and it was impossible to stop turning it. The caretaker came in and humbly began to ask His Excellency to wait only two hours, after which he would give courier for His Excellency (what will happen, will happen). The caretaker was obviously lying and only wanted to get extra money from the passerby. “Was it bad or good?” Pierre asked himself. “For me it’s good, for another person passing through it’s bad, but for him it’s inevitable, because he has nothing to eat: he said that an officer beat him for this. And the officer nailed him because he needed to go faster. And I shot at Dolokhov because I considered myself insulted, and Louis XVI was executed because he was considered a criminal, and a year later they killed those who executed him, also for something. What's wrong? What well? What should you love, what should you hate? Why live, and what am I? What is life, what is death? What force controls everything?” he asked himself. And there was no answer to any of these questions, except one, not a logical answer, not to these questions at all. The answer was: “If you die, everything will end. You’ll die and find out everything, or you’ll stop asking.” But it was also scary to die. The Torzhkov merchant offered her goods in a shrill voice, especially goat shoes. “I have hundreds of rubles that I have nowhere to put, and she stands in a torn fur coat and timidly looks at me,” thought Pierre. And why is this money needed? Can this money add exactly one hair to her happiness, peace of mind? Could anything in the world make her and me less susceptible to evil and death? Death, which will end everything and which should come today or tomorrow, is still in a moment, in comparison with eternity.” And he again pressed the screw that was not gripping anything, and the screw still turned in the same place. His servant handed him a book of the novel in letters to m m e Suza, cut in half. [Madame Suza.] He began to read about the suffering and virtuous struggle of some Amelie de Mansfeld. [Amalia Mansfeld] “And why did she fight against her seducer,” he thought, “when she loved him? God could not put into her soul aspirations that were contrary to His will. My ex-wife didn't fight and maybe she was right. Nothing has been found, Pierre told himself again, nothing has been invented. We can only know that we know nothing. And this is the highest degree of human wisdom." Everything in himself and around him seemed to him confusing, meaningless and disgusting. But in this very disgust for everything around him, Pierre found a kind of irritating pleasure. “I dare to ask your Excellency to make room for a little bit, for them,” said the caretaker, entering the room and leading behind him another traveler who had been stopped for lack of horses. The man passing by was a squat, broad-boned, yellow, wrinkled old man with gray overhanging eyebrows over shiny eyes of an indeterminate grayish color. Pierre took his feet off the table, stood up and lay down on the bed prepared for him, occasionally glancing at the newcomer, who with a sullenly tired look, without looking at Pierre, was heavily undressing with the help of a servant. Left in a worn-out sheepskin coat covered with nankin and in felt boots on thin, bony legs, the traveler sat down on the sofa, leaning his very large, short-cropped head, wide at the temples, against the back and looked at Bezukhy. The stern, intelligent and insightful expression of this look struck Pierre. He wanted to talk to the passerby, but when he was about to turn to him with a question about the road, the passerby had already closed his eyes and folded his wrinkled old hands, on the finger of one of which there was a large cast-iron ring with the image of Adam’s head, sat motionless, either resting, or about thinking deeply and calmly about something, as it seemed to Pierre. The traveler's servant was covered with wrinkles, also a yellow old man, without a mustache or beard, which apparently had not been shaved, and had never grown on him. A nimble old servant dismantled the cellar, prepared the tea table, and brought a boiling samovar. When everything was ready, the traveler opened his eyes, moved closer to the table and poured himself one glass of tea, poured another for the beardless old man and handed it to him. Pierre began to feel uneasy and necessary, and even inevitable, to enter into a conversation with this passing person.

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	self-propelled guns	M44 • M52 • M53/M55 • M56 • T162 • M108 • M109 • M110 • XM62 • XM104 • XM138 • XM2001 Crusader

	MLRS	HIMARS • M270 MLRS

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