Su-30SM2 conquers the planet. New series of flying blockbuster

Su-30SM2 conquers the planet. New series of flying blockbuster

Although the Su-30 program acquired its modern form already in Russian times, a machine with such an index was born in the last years of the existence of the USSR. It was based on the desire to create a new loitering interceptor for the country's air defense forces.

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Due to the large expanses, sometimes poorly covered by the airfield network (especially in the north and east of the Urals), there has always been a niche in air defense for a vehicle with a long flight duration. The textbook representative of this class was the Tu-128 - a huge aircraft with a take-off weight of 40 tons, based on a bomber. In the second half of the 1980s, they were already outdated and removed from service. The MiG-31 had outstanding speed and altitude characteristics, but was not optimal for long-term patrols at “normal” altitudes and speeds.

In this case, the Su-27 platform turned out to be so successful for long-term patrols that they decided to further strengthen its capabilities by creating an interceptor with a long flight duration on the basis of the combat training two-seat Su-27UB.

The differences between the new modification, initially designated Su-27PU, and conventional vehicles were not too great: an in-flight refueling system, improved navigation, weapons control and communications systems were installed. Afterwards the plane was named Su-30. Since 1992, they have launched a series - initially a very small one.

Then they decided to modernize the car again. Perhaps the analysis of the recent “Desert Storm” played a role here, in which it was the attack American F-15E (also made on the basis of the fighter “spark”) that performed well. One way or another, the development of a multi-purpose vehicle with advanced strike capabilities, based on the Su-30, began very quickly.

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Active work led to results - in 1996 a fateful contract was signed with India for the first Su-30MKI (“Modernized Commercial Indian”), and in 1998 with China for the Su-30MKK (“Chinese”).

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Thus, in the history of the Su-30 there are two completely different “branches” of development, having only a common ancestor in the form of the very first “spark” based on the Su-27. Vehicles of these branches were produced at different factories, for different foreign clients (the domestic Air Force purchased both) and developed independently.

The Su-30MKK featured a relatively small number of changes compared to the original and was produced at the Komsomolsk Aviation Plant (KnAAZ). It can most easily be distinguished from the simple two-seat Su-27UB by its higher vertical tail surface with a straight rather than “cut” upper edge. These machines were focused on performing shock tasks, were relatively inexpensive and quickly developed. Its further development was the Su-30MK2 with improved on-board equipment and an expanded set of weapons.

Although the first contract with China was signed later than with India, deliveries began in 2000 - two years earlier than the Su-30MKI. The price-quality ratio attracted many customers - China alone bought one hundred fighters, and there were also orders from Venezuela (24 units), Vietnam (60 units), Indonesia (11 units), and Uganda (6 units).

Russia bought another twenty fighters of this development branch under the Su-30M2 designation - primarily they were used as a replacement for the Su-27UB.

The Irkutsk Su-30s for India were much more complex, more expensive and, surprisingly, turned out to be more successful because of this. The aircraft received radically updated on-board equipment, engines with controlled thrust vectoring and a clearly visible external difference: the front horizontal tail, PGO (small “wings” in front of the main one - needed for additional lift in the nose, improving maneuverability and aerodynamics in general).

All this required significant time for improvement, but it was worth it - the result was not just a fighter that received strike functions (like the F-15E), but also radically increased maneuverability.

This was appreciated - India has so far purchased 272 vehicles (a fantastic number not only for a heavy fighter, but simply for a fourth-generation vehicle), Malaysia - 18, Algeria - 58 (deliveries continue).

The vehicle was created with the involvement of leading manufacturers of avionics (avionics) from countries with which Moscow was actively cooperating at that time (first of all, we should mention France and Israel), and local firms were also involved in cooperation.

Su-30SM2 as a new stage

When the question arose of updating the materiel of Russian military aviation, it is not surprising that eyes turned not only to the Su-35 (the production of which still had to be mastered and the machine had to be treated for “childhood diseases”), but also to the Irkutsk Su-35, which was ideally tested in series and “polished.” thirty. In a short time, a version was created for the national customer under the designation Su-30SM, its deliveries began in 2012.

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At the first stage, a total of 116 vehicles were purchased for the Russian Aerospace Forces and naval aviation of the Russian Navy. In addition, the fighter, ideal in terms of price-quality ratio, was chosen as the “single CSTO fighter” - it was purchased by Kazakhstan (deliveries are in progress, at least 36 aircraft are planned), Armenia (4 aircraft), Belarus (deliveries are in progress, at least 36 are planned). 12 cars). The fighter is being actively offered for export, now under the designation Su-30SME; in particular, a contract for deliveries to Myanmar is being implemented.

In 2022, a new contract was signed with the Russian Defense Ministry for a new modification of the Su-30SM2. In conditions of increased secrecy in procurement, the exact number was not announced (especially since it was a large package signing of contracts for various aircraft), but estimates were published about a minimum of 21 Su-30SM2 only for the Navy.

Probably, today we are dealing with a period almost as significant in the development of the family as the creation of the Su-30MKI. If the creation of the Su-30SM1 is limited to the modernization of avionics (in particular, the replacement of a number of foreign components left over from quieter times) and the expansion of the range of weapons, then the Su-30SM2 should be equipped with a new engine, similar (or close) to that used on the Su-30SM2. 35C.

The new power plant is more powerful, which will not only improve flight performance, but also increase the energy capabilities of the aircraft in terms of power supply, and this will make it possible to install, for example, a more powerful radar station

- First of all, sources talk about the Irbis, the most powerful Su-35S station, but perhaps in reality it will be a related system.

The new Su-30 can be even better promoted for export along with the Su-35 as a package deal. In addition, it will be possible to offer modernization to buyers of the Su-30 - for example, India. Year after year, New Delhi is plunging further into the problem of its aging fleet.

The author's opinion may not coincide with the position of the editorial board of Gazeta.Ru.

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yPNLE SCHRNTSN, MU YAS-30ly, YYU X MU BYAEU HYARPEAHREKU RHOYU YAS 27, SYARYUMYUBKHBYUKYUYAE YARYUMDUPRMYU YUBHYUZHNMMYU OSYU ts-301 I ANEYNLOCEYRNL 150 YAMYUP JDNB.

lMNTSNZHEKEBNI KHYARPEAHREKE YAS-30ly OPEDONKYUTSYUKNYAE NYAMYARKHRE YAHYARELNI SOPYUBKEMKH BNNPSFEMHEL, BYKCHVYUCHYEI YNTSEPEMRMSCH KHLOSKEYAMN-DNOKEPNBYAYSCH pkya MNBNTsN ONYNKEM ХЪ, YAMYUAFEMMSCH YUMREMMNI DHYULERPNL 1 L. yaRYUMZHH DNKFMYU ASHKYU NDMNBPELEMMN YANOPNBNFDYURE 10 BNGDSMSHU JACKEYS MU DUKEMNYARKH DN 100 YL I BSHANPNL DK ONPUFEMH DN D BSU JACKEYS MU DUKEMNYARH DN 65 YL YAKHARELYU SOPYUBKEMKH NPSFHEL NYASYYARBKKYU ASH B YUBRNLYURHVEYAYNL PEFHLE OPNZHEYAYA YANOPNBNFDEMKH ZHEKEY X OSYAYU PUYER I GYUDYUMMSHLH KHMREPBYUKYULH X ONYAKEDNBUREKEMNYARE Ch. OPEDONKYUTSYUKNYAE X MYUKHVHE MYKHYARELSH BHGSYUKEMNTSN YANOPNBNFDEMHJ BNGDSMSHU ZHEKEY I BSHDUVEI DSAKHPSCHYEI HMTNPLYUZHHH MU KHMDHYURNP MU KNANBNL YAREIKE (khkya) X KMD KHYURNP OPILNI BKHDHLNYARKH (hob), SYARYUMNBKEMMSHI B YYUAHME, YU RUYFE NORKHYN-SHKEYRPNMMNI KHMTPYYUPYYAMNI OPHZHEKEMNI YAHYARELSH, YANOPFEMMNI I KYUGEPMSHL DUKEMNLEPNL ONYAKEDM Kommersant HLEER DMEBMNI X MNVMNI PEFHLSH PYUANRSH X YAKSFHR DK MYUBEDEMKH PUYER YKYUYAYU "BNGDSU-BNGDSU" ON FEKYUMHCH GYUPSAEFMSHU GYUYUGVKHYNB YaS-30th LNTs NYAMYUYUREYA NANPSDNBYUMHEL X BNNPSFEMHEL GYUOYUDMNTSN OPNKHGBNDYARBU.

bSHYANINRNVMNE SOPYUBKELNE NPSFHE KH BNGPNYAKHI NAZEL BSHONKMELSHU ​​GYUDYUV ONRPEAANBUKH ME RNKEIN DNPYUANRYKH YAKHYARELSH SOPYUBKEMKH BNNPSFEMHEL, MN X OPHLEMEMKH MNBNTSN NANPSDNB YUMHЪ, YNRNPNE DNAFMN ASHKN NAEYAOEVKHRE SHTTTEYRKHBMNE OPHLEMEMHE NPSFKH B KCHASHU ONTSNDMSHU SYAKNBKHU, DMEL KH MNVECH NTSPYUMKHVEMMSHI BMSRPEMMKHI NAZEL YAYULNKERYU ME ONGBNKK PYUYA ONKNFHRE B MEL BYAE SCHRN NANPSDNBYUMKHE, VRN OPHBEKN Y PYUGLEYEMHCH VYUARKH YOOYUPYURSPSH B YNMREIMEPYU MU BMEMKHU SGKYUU ONDBEYAYKH ONDNAMSHL NAPUGNL PUGLEYARKHKH, MUOPHLEP, YAKHYARELS KYUGEPMNTSN DUKEMNLERPHPNBUMH Kommersant X ZHEKESYUGYUMKH DK NPSFKH I KYUGEPMSHLKH TSNKNBYULKH YAYULNMYUBEDEMKH KH REOKNBKHGHNMMSCH YAHYARELS DK NAMYUPSFEMKH ZHEKEY B KHMTPYYUPYYUMNL DHYUOYUGNME, ONGBNKQYSCH PUAN RYURE MNVECH KH B YAKNFMSHU LERENSYAKNBKHU.

dKЪ RNCN VRNASH B ONKERE KERVKHYKH LNTSKKH ONDLEMRE DPSTS DPSTSYU, NAE OHKNRYAYHE YYUAHMSH MY YAS-30ly YADEKYUMSH ONKMNNYARECH KHDEMRKHVMSHLH (YUY ON SOPYUBKEMKHCH YAYULNKERNL, RYU H ON S OYUBKEMHCH BNNPSFEMHEL). pYUGDEKEMKHE TSMYZHKHI SOPYUBKEMKH NPSFKHEL X OKHKNRKHPNBYUMKH LEFDS NOEPYURNPNL X KERVKHYNL SLEMEKHKN MYUTSPSGYS MU VKEMNB SHCHYHOYUFYU X NAEYAOEVHKN MYUDEFMNE BSHONKMEMKHE ANEBNI GYU DUVH OPH ANKEE MHGYNI YBYUKHTHYUZHHH OKHKNRNB hyARPEAHREKE-ANLAYUPDHPNBYKHY YARUK YAONYANAYAM AEYAONYUDNVMN AYUPPUFKHPNBURE B BNGDSUE B REVEMKHE 10 VYYANB.

YaS-30ly OPEDMYUGMYUVEM DK RUYRKHVEYAYNTSN X NOEPYURKHBMNTSN ANEBNTSN OPHLEMEMKH, BSHONKM GYUDYUVKH ON SMHVRNFEMKHCH BNGDSMSHU NAZEYRNB (GYUBNEBYUMKHE OPEBNYAUNDYARBU B BNGDSUE, OPNRKHBNBNGDSMYU NANPNMYU, DKHREKEMNE OYURPSKHPNBYUMKHE KH YANOPNBNFDEMKHE), YU RUYFE MYUGELMSHU KH LNPYAYKHU ZHEKEY (ONDYUBKEMKHE obn OPNRKHBMKHYU, AKNYKHPNBUMKHE DE IYARBHI OPNRKHBMKHYU KH MEONYAPEDYARBEMMYU ONDDEPFYU I BNGDSUYU).

dNONKMKHREKEMN, YaS-30ly LNFER BSHONKMRE GYUDYUVKH OPNRKHBNDEIYARBKH YAHYARELYUL PUDHNSCHKEIRPNMMNI ANPEASH KH BEYARKH DUKEMEE NAMYUPSFEMKHE, YU RUYFE NYASYYARBKRE NOEPYURKHBM NOT SOPYUBKEMKHE TSPSOONI KERYUREKEMSHU YOOYUPYURNB, BSHONKM'CHYKHU YANBLEYARMSCH GYUDYUVS. AKYUTSNDYUP DBNIMNLS SOPYUBKEMKHCH, YAYULNKER LNFER RUYFE OPHLEMREYA DK OPYURKHVEYAYNI KERMNI H ANEBNI ONDTsNRNBYKH.

Boepbshe YaS-30L DELNMYARPHPNBUKYA MU YUBHYUYUKNME B dSAYUE (NAZEDHM╦MMSHE yuPYYYAYAYHE schLHPYURSH) B 1993 TsNDS, GYUREL SHYYAONMKHPNBUKYA B 1994 TsNDS MU BSHYARYUBYU U BY YUMREЪTSN (vHKH) X BA AEPKHME LYUHMYU ME OPEYARYUBYUKYU SDHBKЪRE YUBHYUZHNMMSHI LHP BYAE MNBSHLH X MNBSHLH BNGLNFMNYARILH RYUY, MY BSHYARYUBYS BNNPSFEMKHI B VHKH YAYULNKER OEPEKEREK VEPEG NYYUM AEG DNGYUOPYUBYKH RNOKHBNL B ONKERE, VRN YAYULN ON YAYAE YARYUKN YAYEMYUZHHEI LYUHMY DELNMYARPHPNBUKYUYAE KH MY BSHYARYUBYUU "lNYU" SCHPN-BNNS-92" X lyuya-95 YU MU YUBKHYUYUKNME "TYUPMANPN 94" HYARPEAHREKE I ONKMSHL ANEBSHL YNLOKEYRNL (ANKEE 7 R PUYERMN-ANLANBNTSN BNNPSFEMKH) ONYUGYUK RUYNI TsNKNBNYPSFHREKEMSHI OHKNRYUF, VRN DUFE YNMYSPEMRSH BSHMSFDEMSH ASHKH OPKHGMURE - ONDNAMNTSN YYULNKERYU MY GUYUDE OPNYARN MER a EG SVYUYARKH YAS-30ly ME NANKHYAE X YUBKHYUYUKNMSH B yKHRYUE, LYUKYUIGKHH, XMDXX X DPSTSKHU YARPYUMYUU.

b REVEMKHE MEYAYNKEIKHU KER YAYULNKER YAS-30ly YAEPKHIMN ME BSHOSYAYUKYA, UNR MU huon ON MELS HLEKYA ONKMSHI YNLOKEIR YNMYARPSYRNPYAYNI DNISLEMRYUZHHH MUVYUKS YEPKHIMNTSN BSHOS YAYU OPEORYARBNBUKN ME RNKEIN NRYASRYARBHE GYYYUGVKHYU PNYYAKHIYAYNE lHMHYAREPYARBN NANPNMSH ME RNKEIN ME KHLEKN YAPEDYARB DKK TSNYASDYUPYARBEMMNTSN GYUYUGYU, MN X ME NVEME UNREKN OPHNAPERYURE SHRNR LMNTsNZHEKEBNI HYARPEAHREKE.

NYAMNBMSHE NRKHVKH NR YAYULNKERYU YAS-30:

• MU MYUOKSHBE YPSHKYU SYARYUMNBKEMN DNONKMHREKEMNE OEPEDMEE TSNPHGNMRYUKEMNE NOPEPEMKHE;
• OPHLEMEMYU LNDKHTHZHHPNBYUMMYU YAHYARELYU DKHYARYUMZHNMMNTSN SOPYUBKEMKH B OPNDNKEMNL, ONOEPEVMNL X OSREBNL YUMYUKYUU;
• SYARYUMNBKEMSH DBKHTSUREKH yuk-31to I SOPIUBKELSHL BEIRNPNL RTsKH;
• OPHLEMEMYU MNBYU YAHYARELYU YUAHMMNI KHMDHYUZHHH MU NYAMNBE ZBERMSHU FHDYNYPHYARYUKKHVEYAYHU DHYAOKEEB;
• ON FEKYUMHCH GYUYUGVKHYU YAYULNKER LNFER YNLOKEIRNBUREYA apshchn GYUOYUDMNTSN OPNKHGBNDYARBU;
• LYUYAHLYUKEMYU LYUYAYU ANEBNI MYUTSPSGYH SBEKHVEMYU DN 8000 YC (16 YUBHYUANLA YUKHAPIU 500 YTs), VHYAKN NDMNBPELEMMN ONDBEHBUELSHU ​​PUYER "BNGDSU-BNGDSU" BNGPNYAKN DN 12 (GYU YAVER DBSU DNONKMHREKEMSHU RNVEY ONDBEYAYKH OND YPSHKNL);
• SOPYUBKELNE PUYERMNE BNNPSFEMHE YKYUYAYU "BNGDSU-BNGDSU" BYKCHVIUER DN 8 PUYER p-27schp1 (schr1, p1, r1), DN 8 PUYER pbb-yue X DN 6 PUYER p-73sch (RHONBNI BYUPHYUMR BNNPSFEMKH Kommersant 8Up-27sch (ХКХ pbb-yue) X 4Up-73sch);
• B YANYARYUB SOPYUBKELNTSN BNNPSFEMKH YKYUYAYU "BNGDSU-ONBEPUMNYARE" LNTsSR BUNDHRE 6 PUYER NAYETSN MYUGMYUVEMHYU-29r HKH YNPPEIRKHPSELSHU ​​ANLA yua-500yP, 4 OPNRKHBNPU DKHNKNYUZHNMMSHE PUYERSH u-31o XKH OPNRKHBNYNPYUAEKEMSHE PUYERSH u-31yu, 2 PUYERSH ANKENNY YAPEDMEI DUKEMNYARKH u-59l.

REUMHVEYAYNE NOHYUMHE:

yaYULNKER yas-30ly OH YUSCHPNDKHMYULKHVEYAYNI YAUELE OPEDYARYUBKJER YANANI MESYARNIVKHBSHI B OPNDNKEMNL YUMYUKE RPHOKYUM. dK SBEKKHVEEMKH ONZELMNI YAKSH KH ONBSHYEMKH LYUMEBPEMMNYARKH MU YAYULNKERE SYARYUMNBKEMN OEPEDMEE TSNPHGNMRYUKEMNE NOPEPEMKHE. nMN NRYKNMYERYA YUBRNLYURKHVEYAYKH DK NAYEOEVEMKH SYARNIVKHBNTSN ONKERYU MU ANKEKHU STSKYU YURYUYKH. хMRETsPYUKEMYU YUSCHPNDHMYULHVEYAYU YAUELYU, YANBLEYEMMYU I SOPYUBKELSHL BEIRNPNL RTsKH, NAEYAOEVKHBUER MEASHBUKSCH LYUMEBPEMMNYARE KH BSHYANYKHE BGKERMN-ONYUDNVMSHE UYUPYURE PHYARHYH. NYAMYUYEMMSHI ZHHTPNBNI YAKHYARELNI DHYARYUMZHNMMNTSN SOPYUBKEMKH, YAS-30LY YAONYANAYEM BSHONKMRE PJD SMKHYUKEMSHU LYUMEBPNB, HYAONKEGSELSHU ​​B YUVEYARBE OPNRKHBNPUYERMSHU X DK Kommersant DNYARKHFEMKH OPEBNYAUNDYARBU B AKKHFMEL ANCH. SCHRN SFE KHGBEYARMSHE "YNAPIU", "YNKNYNK", YU RUYFE PJD LYUMEBPNB, BSHONKMEMKHE YNRNPSHU MEBNGLNFMN MU DPSTSKHU YAYULNKERYUU. yaPEDH MXU "YSKEAKHR" (LYUMEBP, B YNRNPNL YAYULNKER YANBEPIUER OEPEBNNPNR B OKNYAYNYARKH RYUMTSYUFYU MU 360 TsPUDSYANB AEG ONREPH BSHYANRSH), X "SOPIUBKELSHI OKNYAYKHI LRNONP" (Y NTsDYu YAYULNKER YANBEPYUER MEYAINKEIN ONKMSHU PUGBNPNRNB B TsNPKHGNMRYUKEMNI OKNYAYNYARKH I OEPELEMNI MUOPYUBKEMKH BPYUYEMKH ME HLEY ONYARSOYUREKEMNTSN DBHFEMKH, TYURKHVEYAYKH MU LEYARE).

YAKHKNBUYU SYARYUMNBYU YANYARNHR XG DBSU RSPANPEYURKHBMSHU DBSUYNMRSPMSHU TNPAYUFMSHU DBKHTSUREKEY yuk-31to. YaSLLYUPMYU ROTSIU MU TNPAYUFE 25000 YTSYA NAEYAOEVHBUER TSNPKHGNMRYUKEMSHI ONKER YAN YAYNPNYARECH 2l, YAYNPNYARE 1350 YL/V MU LYUKNI BSHYANRE H YAYNPNONDZELMNYARE 230 L/YA.

dHTTEPEMZHYUKEMNE NRYKNMEMHE MU STSKSH DN ╠ 15 TsPYUDSYANB NYAAYAHLLERPHVMSHU YANOEK DBHTSYUREKEY, NYAH ONBNPNRYU YNRNPSHU PYYAONKNFEMSH OND STSKNL 32 TsPUDSYU DPSTS Y DPSTS , ONGBNKYER SOPYUBKЪRE BEIRNPNL RYTSKH ON RYUMTSYUFS KH PSHYAYUMHCH. b GYUBKHYAHLNYARKH NR OPEDYARNYETSN LYUMEBPU, YANOKYU LNTsSR NRYKNMREYA YAHMUPNMMN I TsNPKHGNMRYUKEMSHL UBNYARNBSHL NOPEMPHEL, KKH PUGDEKEMN NR METSN.

YaSYYYYARBEMMSHY GYUOYUYA RNOXBYU, MYUPJDS I BNGLNFMNYARECH DNGYUOPYUBYKH B BNGDSUE, GMYUVHREKEMN PUYAHP'ER BNGLNFMNNYARKH ANEBNTSN OPHLEMEMKH BME GNMSH obn, NR DKHREKEMNTs N OYURPSKHPNBUMHЪ X YANOPNBNFDEMHЪ DN DUKEMKHU OEPEUBYURNB X MUMEYEMKH SDYUPNB ON MYUGELMSHL ZHEKL. I MNPLYUKEMSHL GYUOYUYANL RNOXBYU 5270 YTS YAS-30ly YAONYANAYEM BSHONKMRE ANEBSC GYUDYUVS OPNDNKFHREKEMNYARECH 4.5 VYUYU. YAHYARELYU DNGYUOPYUBYKH B BNGDSUE SBEKHVKHBUER OPNDNKFHREKEMNYARE ONKERYU DN 10 VYYANB I DUKEMNYARECH 8000 YL MU YPEIYEPYAYNI BSHIANRE NR 11 DAY 13 YL.

dBSULEYARMYU YNLONMNBYU GMYUVHREKEMN ONBSHEWER ANEBSHE BNGLNFMNYARH AKYUTSNDYUP PYUZHNMYUKEMNLS PYYAOPEDEKEMHCH PUANVEI MYUTSPSGYH LEFDS VKEMYULH SHCHYHOYUFYU. b RN BPEL YUY KERVKHY B OEPBNI YUAKHME SOPYUBKYER YAYULNKERNL, BNNPSFEMHEL X BEDER LYUMEBPEMMSHI AKKHFMKHI ANI, BRNPNNI KERVKHY OPHLEMYER SOPYUBKELNE NPSFHE YKYUYAYU "BNGDSU-BNG DSU", KHAN "BNGDSU-ONBEPUMNYARE" ANKENNTSN PYUDHSYAYU DEYARBKH DK ONPUFEMHJEKEY BME GNMSH OPILNI BKHDHLNYARKH, NRYAKEFKHBUER RUYRHVEYAYSCH NAYARYUMNBYS DK NAEYAOEVEMKH NYABEDNLKEMMNYARKH N YAHRSYUZHKH, X BSHONKMYER GYUDYUVKH ON NOEPYURKHBMNLS SOPYUBKEMKHCH OPH TsPSOONBSHU DEYARBKHU.

ON YAPYUBMEMKHCH I OPEDEYARBEMMKHYULH, B YANYARYUB YNLOKEYAYU ANPRNBNTSN PUDHNSCHKEYRPNMMNTSN NANPSDNBYUMKH YYULNKERYUS-30ly BYKCHVEMSH PJD YAHYAREL MNBNTSN ONYNKEMKH, YAPEDH YNRNPSHU:

• KHMRETSPHPNBUMMYU PUDHNKNYUZHNMMMYU OPKHZHEKEMYU YAHYARELYU, YAONYANAMYU NAMYUPSFKHBURE KH YANOPNBNFYURE DN 15 BNGDSMSHU JACKEYS OPH NDMNBPELEMMNI YURYUYE VERSHPEU XG MH U;
• YAHYARELYU YAOSRMKHYNBNI MYUBKHTSYUZHHH (YANBLEYARKHLYU I YAHYARELYULH tsknmyuyaya/NAVSTAR);
• KHMRETSPHPNBYUMMYU NORKHYN-SHKEYRPNMMMYU OPHZHEKEMN-MYUBKHTSYUZHNMMYU YAKHYARELYU I KYUGEPMNI KHMEPZHKYUKEMN-MYUBKHTSYUZHNMMNI YAKHYARELNI;
• MYUKELMSHE ZHEKESYUGYUREKH, KHMDHYURNPSH MU KNANBNL YAREIKE, LMNTsNTSMYZHNMYUKEMSHE ZHBERMSHE FHDYNYPHYARYUKKHVEYAYHE KHMDHYURNPSH I BNGLNFMNNYARECH LHYHPNBYUMH KHGNAP YUFEMH.

lnyyu SMKHBEPIYUKEMYU pkya I TYUGHPNBUMMNI YUMREMMNI PEERINI NAEYAOEVKHBUER NAMYUPSFEMHE YPSOMNPYUGLEPMSHU LNPYAYKHU JACKEYS MU DUKEMNYARH DN 400 YL I PUGPEEMHEL 20 L, YU RYUY FE LYUKNPYUGLEPMSHU JACKEYS MU DUKEMNYARH DN 120 YL. b OPEDBYUPHREKEMNL OPKHZHEKEMNL PEFHLE MU DUKEMEY DHYURYUMZHHH pkya GYUUBURSHBUER ZHEKE YUBRNLYURHVEYAYKH, I OPEDYUVEI YNNPDHMYUR B MYUBKHTSYUZHNMMSCH YAHYARELS. GYUREL pkya NRYKCHVYUERYA, KH YAYULNKER KERHR MU ZHEKE B PEFHLE PUDHNKNYUZHNMMNTSN LNKVYUMKH. oPH DNYARKHFEMKH DKHYARYUMZHKH, MU YNRNPNI BNGLNFMN OPHLEMEMKHE BNNPSFEMKH, GYUDEIARBSCHRYA YAPEDYARBU OPKHZHEKKHBYUMKH DK NAMNBKEMKH ZHEKESYUGYUMKH K OEPEDYUVKH DUMMSH U B YAHYARELS BNNPSFEMH. yNPNRYKHI OEPKHND ONDYABERYKH ZHEKH PYUDYUPNL NAEYAOEVKHBUER YAYPSHRSHI ONDUND YAYULNKERYU Y ZHEKH, RUYHL NAPUGNL YAONYANAYARBS SIAOEUS BSHONKMEMH GYUDYUVKH.

MU YAYULNKER LNTsSR SYARYUMYUBKHBUREYA YNMREIMEPSH I KHMTPYYUPYYAMNI X KYUGEPMNI OPKHZHEKEMNI YOOOYUPYURSPNI DK NAMYUPSFEMKH X ONPUFEMKH LYUKNPYUGLEPMSHU MUGELMSHU ZHEKEY.

YaS-30ly NANPSDNBYUM YAPEDYARBYULH OPNRKHBNDEIYARBKH YAHYARELYUL PUDHNSCHKEYRPNMMNI GYUYHRSH, OPEDMYUGMYUVEMMSHLH DK ONDYUBKEMKH YAPEDYARB PUDHNSCHKEYRPNMMNI X NORKHYN-SHKEYRP NMMNI GYUYHRSH OPNRKHBMKHYU.

YaYULNKER NAKYUDYUER YAONYANAMNYARECH YUBRNLYURHGKHPNBUMMNTSN ONKERYU MU PUGKHVMSHU PEFKHLYUU, BYKCHVYU ONKER MU LYUKNI BSHIANRE B PEFKHLE NTSHAYUMKH PEKETYU LEYARMNYARKH, YU RUYFE OPH X MDKHBKhDSYUKEMNL XKH TsPSOONBNL ANEBNL OPHLEMEMHH OPNRKHB BNGDSMSHU, MYUGELMSHU X LNPYAYKHU ZHEKEY. YAKHYARELYU YUBRNLYURKHVEYAYNTSN SOPYUBKEMKH BGUHLNYABGYUMYU I MYUBKHTSYUZHNMMNI YAKHYARELNI, NAEYAOEVKHBUER ONKER ON LYUPPSRS, ONDUND Y ZHEKH, BNGBPYUR MU YUSCHPNDPNL H GUUND MU ONYAUDYS B YUBRNLURHVEYAINL PEFHLE.

NYAMYUYEMMSHI KBNYHL YAOEYRPNL YAHYAREL BNNPSFEMKH YANBPELEMMSHL YNLOKEYANL apshn, YAYULNKER YAS-30 li YAONYANAYEM ONPUFYURE BNGDSMSHE ZHEKH (BYKCHVYU NAZEYRSH I MKHGYNI SHOP) B AKKHFMEL ANCH, BEYARKH SOPEFDYUCHYKHE ANKH MU DYUKEMKHU DHYARYUMZHKHU, YU RUYFE ONPUFURE MUGELMSHE KH LNPYAYKHE NAZEIRSH OPH ONLNYH SOYUBKELNTSN X MESOPYUBKELNTSN BNNPSFEMKH B RUYRKHVEYAYNI X NOEPYURKHBMNI TSKSAKHME NANPNMSH OPNRKHBMKHYU.

bNNPSFEMKHE YAYULNKERYU ONDPYUGDEKERYA MU YARPEKYINBN-OSEVMNE, SOPYUBKELNE PUYERMNE YKYUYAYU "BNGDSU-BNGDSU", SOYUBKELNE PUYERMNE YKYYYAYU "BNGDSU-ONBEPUMNNYARE", MESOYUB KELNE PYYERMNE H ANLAYUPDHPNBNVMNE. YARPEKINBN-OSEVMNE BNNPSFEMKHE OPEDYARYUBKEMN BYARPNEMMNI YUBRNLYURHVEYAYNI YAYNPNYARPEKEMNI NDMNYARBNKEMNI OSYNI YUKHAPIU 30 LL RHOYU ts-301, SYARYUMNBKEMMNI B MYUOKSHBE OPI BNI ONKNBKHMSH YPSHKYU, I ANEINLOKEYRNL 150 OYURPNMNB. pyuYERMNE X ANLAYUPKHPPNBNVMNE BNNPSFEMHE PUGLEYYUERYA MU YUBKHYUZHNMMSHU OSYAYNBSHU SYARPNYARBUU (yuos), YUBKHYUZHNMMSHU YYURYUOSKERMSHU SYARPNIYARBUU (yuys) X AYUKNVMSHU DEPF YUREKU (hell), ONDBEHBYULSHU MU 12 RNVIYUU: 6 - OND YNMYANKYLH YPSHKYU, 2 - OND GUYNMZHNBYULH YPSHKYU, 2 - OND TsNMDNKYULH DBKHTSYUREKEY X 2 — OND ZHEMRPNOKYUMNL LEFDS LNRNTsNMDNKYULH (ON YAUELE “RYUMDEL”).

MU YAYULNKERE LNFER ASHRE ONDBEYEMN DN 8 SOPYUBKELSHU ​​PUYER "BNGDSU-BNGDSU" YAPEDMEI DUKEMNYARKH RHOYU p-27 I ONKSUYRKHBMSHLH PUDHNKNYUZHNMMSHLH (p-27p, p-27schp) XKH REOKNBSHLH (p-27r, p-27schr) TsNKNBYULH YAYULNMYUBEDEMKH, DN 10 PUYER YAPEDMEI Dukemanyarh pbb-yu i Yuyrhbmshlh Pyudhnknyuzhnammshlh tsnnbyulh Yaulnmubedemh x DN 6 Puyer Akhfmezn Lyumembmmnzn AN P-73 I am reoknbshlh Yaulnmyubedemh. RHONBNI BYUPKHYUMR BNNPSFEMKH YAYULNKERYU OPH PEYEMHH GYUDYUV "BNGDSU-BNGDSU" YANYARNHR XG 8 PUYER p-27sch (ХКХ pbb-yue) X 4 PUYER p-73. b YANYARYUB SOPYUBKELNTSN BNNPSFEMKH YKYUYAYU "BNGDSU-ONBEPUMNYARE" BUNDIR 6 PUYER NAYETSN MYUGMYUVEMHYU-29R I REKEBKHGHNMMSHLH TSNKNBYULH YAYULNMYUBEDEMKH, 6 PUYER y -29k ХКХ I-25кд I ONKSYURKHBMSHLH KYUGEPMSHLH TSNKNBYULH YAYULNMYUBEDEMKH, 6 YNPPEIRKHPSELSHU ​​ANLA yua-500yP I REKEBKHGKHNMMN-YNPPEKIZHNMMSHLH TSNKNBYULH YAYULNMYUBED EMHЪ . X YAYULNMYUBEDEMKH X 6 OPNRKHBNYUDKHNKNYUZHNMMSHU PUYER u-31o I OYUYAKHBMSHLKH PUDHNKNYUZHNMMSHLKH TSNKNBYULKH YAYULNMYUBEDEMKH; DK OPHLEMEMH PUYER u-29k, I-25kd X u-59l YAYULNKER DNKFEM NYAMYUYUREYA YNMREIMEPNL YAKHYARELSH SOYUBKEMKH NPSFHEL.

LYuYYAHLYUKEMYU LYUYAYU MESOPYUBKELNTSN BNNPSFEMKH YKYUYAYU "BNGDSU-ONBEPUMNYARE" YANYARYUBKYER 8000 YC. b ECN YANYARYUB LNTsSR BUNDKHRE 16 ANLA tua-500l54 KKH 14 ANLA tua-500l62 KKH 14 GUFKHTSYUREKEMSHU AYUNB ga-500 KKH ​​34 ANLASH tua-250l54 (MU NDMNGYULINBSHU KH LMNTsN GYULINBSHU AYUKNVMSHU DEPFYUREKU), 48 ANLA ntyua-100-120 (MU LMNTsNGYULINBSHU AYUKNVMSHU DEPFYUREKU ), 8 YNMREIMEPNB yltss, 120 MESOPYUBKELSHU ​​PUYER i-8 (B 6 AKNYUU a-8l1), 30 PUYER i-13 (B 6 AKNYUU sa-13), 6 PUYER i-25 (B OSAYNBSHU SYARPNYARBUU n-25).

YAKHYARELYU SOPYUBKEMKH BNNPSFEMHEL (yasb) NAEYAOEVKHBUER OPHLEMEMHE SOPYUBKELSHU ​​PUYER "BNGDSU-BNGDSU" B DUKEMEL PUYERMNL X AKKHFMEL BNGDSMNL ANCH, GUUBYUR X YANOPNBNFDEMKHE ZHEKH XG NAGNPMSHU PEFHLNB pkya X nkya B DUKEMEL PUYERMNL ANCH, GUUBYUR X YANOPNBNFDEMKHE BKHGSYUKEMN BHDHLNI ZHEKH B AKKHFMEL ANCH, NOPEDEKEMHE TSNYAOPHMYUDKEFMNYARH NAMUPSFEMMNI ZHEKKH, YU RUYFE OPHLEMEMHE SOPYUBKELSHU ​​KH MESOPIUBKELSHU ​​YAPEDYARB ONPUFEMKH YKYUAYAYU "BNGDSU-ONBEPUMNYARE". YAHYARELYU SOYUBKEMKH BNNPSFEMHEL BYKCHVIUER B YAEA PUDHNKNYUZHNMMSHI OPKHZHEKEMSHI YNLOKEYA (pkoy) X NORKHYN-SHKEYRPNMMSHI OPHZHEKEMN-MYUBKHTSYUZHNMMSHI YNLOKEYA (nshchoPmy ).

b YANYARYUB pkoy BUNDHR KHLOSKEYAMN-DNOKEPNBYAYU PUDHNKNYUZHNMMMYU YARYUMZHH, NAEEAOEVKHBUCHYYU NAMYUPSFEMHE X YANOPNBNFDEMHE BNGDSMSHU JACKEY B YABNANDMNL OPNYARPYUMYARB E X MU TNME GELKH B OEPEDMEI X GYUDMEI ONKSYATEPUU, YU RUYFE YUPRNTSPYUTHPNBYUMHE LEYARMNYARKH X NAMYUPSFEMHE MUGELMSHU ZHEKEY. pYUDKHNKNYURNP LNFER NDMNBPELEMMN YANOPNBNFDYURE MU OPNUNDE ANKENE YNKKHVEYARBN BNGDSMSHU ZHEKEY KH NAEYAOEVKHBURE OEPEUBUR MEYAINKEIKHU CG MHU, OPEDYARYUBKYKHYKHU MYUKHANKE LSC SCPNGS. pkya HLEER YEKEBSCCH YUMREMMS (B DUKEMEYEL OPEDONKYUTSUERYAJ HYAONKEGNBYUMHE LNDHTHYUZHHH pkya I TYUGHPNBUMMNI YUMREMMNI PEERINI). noOPEDEKEMHE TSNYASDYUPYARBEMMNI OPKHMYUDKEFMNYARKH NAMYUPSFEMMSHU ZHEKEY NYASYYARBKERYA I ONLNYECH GYUOPNYAVKHYU TSNYONNGMYUBYUMKH, BUNDYETSN B YANYARYUB pkoy. pYUANRNI PUDHNKNYUZHNMMNTSN OPKHZHEKEMNTSN YNLOKEYAYU SOPYUBKYER ANPRNBNI ZHKHTPNBNI BSHVHYAKHREKEMSHI YNLOKEYA.

b YANYARYUB nschoPmy BUNDIR OHKNRYUFMN-MYUBKHTSYUZHNMMSHY YNLOKEYA (PYYYALNRPEM NRDEKEMN), NORKHYN-KNYYUZHNMMYU YARYUMZHH (nkya), MYUKELMYU YAKHYARELYU ZHEKESYUGYUMH ( myazh), YAKHYARELYU SOPYUBKEMKH NPSFHEL (clear), YAKHYARELYU NRNAPYUFEMKHKHMTNPLYUZHKH (Yank) X ANPRNBUYU ZHTPNBYU BSHVHYAKHREKEMYU YAKHYARELYU. oPHZHEKEMYUYARE nschoPmy BSHONKMYER RE FE TSMYZHKH, VRN X pkoy, MN RNKEIN B OPNYARSHU LERENSYAKNBKHU X NRKHVYUERYA ANKEYEI RNVMNYARECH X KSVIE ONLEUNGYYYYYEMMNYARE Ch. NORKHYN-KNYUZHNMMYU YARYUMZHH OPEDYARYUBKER YANANI YNLAKHMYUZHCH REOKNOEKEMTSURNPYU KH KYUGEPMNTSN DUKEMNLEPYU. REOKNOEKEMTSYURNP NAEYAOEVHBUER NAMYUPSFEMKHE ZHEKH ON REOKBNBNLS HGKSVEMHCH H ITS STSKNBNE YANOPNBNFDEMKHE, KYUGEPMSHI DUKEMNLEP - KHGLEPEMKHE DUKEMNYARKH DN ZHEKH. dYURVKHY NKYA PYUGLEYYUERYA B YATEPHVEYAYNL NAREYUREKE OEPED TNMYUPEL YUAKHMSH KERVHYU.

MUKELMYU YAHYARELYU ZHEKESYUGYUMH ONGBNKYER OPNKHGBNDHRE ZHEKESYUGYUMHE TsNKNBYUL YAYULNMYUBEDEMH PUYER H YAYUMKHPSCHYELS SYARPNIYARBS nkya OSREL ONBNPNRY TSNKNBSH KERVHYU B YA RNPNMS RNI VYUYARKH OPNYARPYUMYARBU, TsDE NFHDUERYA MUUNFDEMKHE ZHEKH. YAHYARELYU SOPYUBKEMKH NPSFHEL NYASYYARBKYER B YUBRNLYURKHVEYAYNL PEFHLE OPNZHEYAYASH OSYAYU YUBKHYUZHNMMSHU YAPEDYARB ONPUFEHMKH I GYUDYUMMSHLH KHMREPBYUKYULH KH B GYUDYMMNI ONYAKEDNBURE KEMNYARKH ONYAKE MYUFYURKH KERVKHYNL ANEBNI YMNOYKH. dK OPHLEMEMKH MEINRNPSHU BHDNB SOPYUBKELNTSN BNNPSFEMCH YKYUYAYU "BNGDSU-ONBEPUMNYARE" YAYULNKER DNONKMHREKEMN YNLOKEYRSERYA YALEMMSHLH YNMREIMEPYULH clear. YAKHYARELYU NRNAPYUFEHMKH KHMTNPLYUZHKH NAEYAOEVKHBUER KHMDHYUZHCH MENAUNDHLNI OKHNRYUFMN-MYUBKHTSYUZHNMMNI X OPKHZHEKEMNI KHMTNPLYUZHKH MU KHMDHYURNPE MU KNANBNL YAREIKE X LMNTsNTSMYZHKH NMYUKEMSHU FHDYNYPHYARYUKKHVEYAYHU DHYAOKEYU. PYUANRNI nschoPmy SOPYUBKYER ANPRRNBUYU ZHTPNBYU BSHVHYAKHREKEMYAKHYARELYU.

MUBDEMHA YAYULNKIRY MUH I MUGELMNTSN HKH BNDSMNTSN YNLYUMDMNTSN OSMIRA NYASYYARBKYERYYA ONEPEPEPLEARBNL PUDHKHMHAHMH YUOOOUPYURSPSH OPHANPMNSNSNAMNSNITEMH.
ON RPEANBYUMKHCH GYUYUGVKHYU B YANYARYUB YAHYARELSH SOPIUBKEMKH BNNPSFEMHEL YAYULNKERYU LNTsSR BYKCHVYUREY YAHYARELSH GYUPSAEFMNTSN OPNKHGBNDYARBU. cru:

lNDHTHYUZHH	YaS-30ly
pYUGLUU YPSHKYU, L	14.70
dKKHMYU YAYULNKERYU, L	21.90
bSHYANRYU YAYULNKERYU, L	6.40
OKNYYUDE YPSHKYU, L2	62.00
I love it
MNPLYUKEMYU BGKERMYU	24900
LYUYAHLYUKEMYU BGKERMYU	34500
I love RNOXBY, JC
MNPLYUKEMYU	5270
LYUYAHLYUKEMYU	9640
dBHTSUREKH	2 rpddt yuk-31to
rtsyu, ytsya	2 U 12800
LYUYAKHLYUKEMYU YAYNPNYARE, YL/V
MU BSHIANRE	2125 (l=2.0)
WITH GELKH	1350
oPUYRHVEYAYU DUKEMNYARE, YL
AEG DNGYUOPYUBYKH	3000
I NDMNI DNGYUOPYUBYNI B BNGDSUE	5200
oPUYIRKHVEYAYKHI ONRNNKNY, L	17300
lyuYa. SHYYAOXYURYUZHNMMMYU OEPETSPSGYU	9
schYHOYUF	2
bNNPSPHEMHE:	30-LL OSYa ts-301 I ANEGYUOYUYANL 150 BSHYARPEKNB, SYARYUMNBKEMNI YAOPYUBYU B MYOOKSHBE YPSHKYU. mu 12 OKHKNMNB ONDBEKHBUERYA 8000 YTS ANEBNI MYUTSPSGYKH (OPH ShchRNL YUFDSHI NRDEKEMSHI OKHKNM LNFER APYURE DN 1500 YTS.) b E╦ YANYARYUB BUNDIR: DN 6 sp YKYUYAYU ⌠BNGDSU-BNGDSU■ RKhonB p-27p/schp/, p-73sch X p- 77 (pbb-yue) HKKH 2 p-27o (scho), p-27r1 (schr1) DN 6 sp YKYUYAYU ⌠BNGDSU-ONBEPUMNYARE■ RHONB u-29r/k, u-25lk, u-25kd, u-31yu/o X i-25k; HKH 2 joint venture u-59lsch 6 YUBKHYUANLA yua-500yp, yua-500nd HKH 3 yua-1500yp, yua-1500k YABNANDMNOYUDYUCHIKHE YUBHYUANLASH YUKHAPNB NR 100 DN 500 YC; 8 ANLANBSHU YUYAYAER pai-500 Soashch-d; DN 8 GUFKHTSUREKEMSHU AYUNB ha-500 or mspya i-8, i-13 X i-25. oPEDSYALNRPEMYU RUYFE ONDBEYAYU YNMREIMEPNB I YOOOOYUPYURSPNI pscho, KYUGEPMSHLH DUKEMNLEPMN -ZHEKESYUGYUREKEMSHLH YAHYARELYULH, hy-YARYUMZHKHLH.

bottom. KhMTNPLYUZHKH:

tNRNCPYUTHH:	yaYULNKER-DELNMYARPURNNP yaS-30ly ╘ yuKEYYAEEI lHUEEB
YaS-30ly ╘ Paul Nann
YaS-30ly ╘ ES
YaS-30ly
YaS-30ly
YaS-30ly
YaS-30ly
YaS-30ly ╘ Stephen J. Muscat
BGK╦R YaS-30ly MU BSHYARYUBYE Aero India 2003
pkya I TYUGHPNBUMMNI YUMREMMNI PEERINI
yUAHMYU OHKNRYU yaS-30ly

IWELSH:

YaS-30ly

yaUUELYU BYUPKHYUMRNB BNNPSFEMKH ╘ yuKEYYAEEI lHUEEB

bYUPHYUMRSH NYPYYAYH:

yaYULNKER-DELNMYARPURNNP yaS-30ly

oPEDAEPHIMSHI YAS-30ly

YaOHYANY HYARNVMKHYNB:

oNKHTSNM. eTHL cNPDNM. MNBNE ONYNKEMKHE "DBYUJURE YAEDELSHU" yPSHKE PNAYAHH. "YaS-27 X ETSN LNDKHTHYUZHKH" YuMDPEI TNLHM. YaS-27: hYARNPKH KHYARPEAHREK yPSHKE pNDHMSH. xCNPE yNPNRVEMYN. TsPNGMSHI BNGDSMSHI SHYBKHKHAPHYAR nyun mYUSVMN-OPNHGBNDYARBEMMYU YNPONPYUZHKHPYSR. lMNTSNZHEKEBNI KHYARPEAHREKE yas-30ly beYARMKHY YUBKHYUZHKH X YNYALNMYUBRKHYKH. lMNTSNZHEKEBNI DBSULEYARMSHI KHYARPEAHREKE YAS-30ly yuBKHYUZHKH bPEL. bYUDHL yUKYUAYUMNB, yEPCEI lNPNG, hTSNPE oPHUNDVEMYN. dNTsMYURE X OEPETSMYURE yuBKHYUZHKH bPEL. bBVEYAKUB tsKYUGYNB. YaELEIYARBN YaS-27: DUBUIRE PYUGAEPELYA yPSHKE PNDHMSH. mKHYNKYUYYSANBHV. tPNMRNBNI SMHBEPIYUK: hYARPEAHREKE-ANLAYUPDHPNBYKHY YAS-30 BEYARMKHY YUBHYUZHHH X YNYALNMYUBRHYH. HYARPEAHREKE YAS-30 YPSHKE PNDHMSH. mHYNKYUI YANIYN. b YAELEEYARBE YAS-30 — NVEPEDMNE OPHAYUBKEMKHE tNRNPYUANRSH yukeyyae lhueeeby

sTSNKNY MEAYU. 2004