SV-99. What tasks does a small-caliber sniper rifle perform?

Small-caliber sniper rifle SV-99

The SV-99 sniper rifle is a high-precision small-caliber sniper weapon designed for special operations by special forces where pinpoint accuracy is required, subject to silent shooting at unarmored targets at short distances up to 100 m with a bullet that does not ricochet.
The weapon was developed in 1999 by specialists from the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant Izhmash (now Kalashnikov Concern).

At a range of 100 m, the rifle confidently places a group of bullets of 10 shots in a circle with a diameter of 4 cm, and at a distance of 50 m - in a circle with a diameter of 1.5 cm.

Small-caliber sniper rifle SV-99

Small-caliber sniper rifle SV-99 with the stock removed

Small-caliber sniper rifle SV-99 with folded bipod

Tactical and technical characteristics of the SV-99 small-caliber sniper rifle

Basic information

The SV-99 was developed on the basis of the famous Biathlon-7-2 sports rifle and, similar to its prototype, has a crank locking mechanism that allows shooting at a fast pace.

A fairly effective tactical silencer is integrated onto the weapon barrel, made by cold radial forging, which allows for almost silent shooting: the sound of a shot is similar to the sound of a soft clap of hands with almost complete absence of recoil.

The charging handle is located on the rear axis of the rear lever of the pair and when reloading moves on a vertical axis back and forth, providing very fast and at the same time quiet reloading of the weapon without shifting the aiming point.

The rifle is equipped with a safety located in front of the trigger guard. The trigger force of the weapon is adjustable in the range from 0.5 to 1.0 kgf.

On the receiver of the weapon there is a dovetail-type base for mounting an optical sight (an optical sight PO 6×42 or PO 4×34 is used). There are no open sights.

For this rifle model, a stock of an original design was developed with a hinge unit for quickly detaching the butt from the fore-end.

The stock itself is symmetrical in shape, convenient for shooting with both the right and left hands. It has a vertical and horizontal adjustment of the butt length, the position of the shoulder rest and the butt cheek support.

The stock swivels for the portable belt provide the ability to attach it on both the right and left sides.

In the front part of the forend, a fastening element for quick-detachable bipods has been introduced.

The butt of the stock contains a height-adjustable single-support rear bipod, designed to ensure a stable position of the rifle without the shooter holding it during long-term observation of the target.

In the stowed position, this bipod folds into the butt and does not protrude beyond its dimensions. The rifle is very compact; if necessary, it can be disassembled into its main parts and carried in a special weapon case.

Small-caliber sniper rifle SV-99 (video)

"Sniper" special purpose

Vladimir Susloparov - developer of the SV-99
Small-caliber rifles are widely known as a means of initial marksmanship training. They are also used in sniper training, even with the modern development of electronic shooting simulators. But the “small thing” is also used as a “professional” sniper tool. True, we are talking not so much about army sniper rifles, but about arming snipers of special law enforcement units or special-purpose rifles.

The 5.6 mm .22 LR cartridge with a relatively low recoil impulse allows you to reduce the size and weight of the weapon without sacrificing accuracy. And with a “target” cartridge (more precisely made than the “gross” one), good accuracy and accuracy are achieved at short ranges. In addition, you can get a sniper rifle by directly modifying a sports one. A soft, non-jacketed bullet has a fairly high stopping effect, but its low penetration ability greatly limits the range of tasks it can solve and requires hitting unprotected areas of the body. Such rifles are applicable, for example, in populated areas, where aimed shooting is carried out almost the width of the street.

For such fine sniper work at ranges of up to 50-70 m, the gunsmiths of the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant offered the SV-99 rifle chambered for the 5.6 mm .22 LR cartridge. The development of such a rifle was allegedly carried out by Izhmash designers by order of the FSB Directorate for Udmurtia. SV-99 was developed by V. F. Susloparov based on the biathlon rifle BI-7-2 and the related Sobol hunting carbine. The BI-7-2 rifle (“Biathlon-7-2”), put into production by Izhmash back in 1983, we note, managed to earn a good reputation not only in our country, but also abroad (and even our biathletes until recently showed good results).

The barrel of the SV-99 rifle is made by cold radial forging. The barrel bore has 6 screw grooves and is not chrome-plated (to improve shooting accuracy). A longitudinally sliding bolt of direct movement locks the barrel bore using a hinge-lever device, which together with the bolt forms a crank-slider locking mechanism. It allows you to quickly reload the weapon with a short movement of the hand back using the reloading handle located on the right. By pulling the reloading handle back, the shooter causes the locking lever (crank) to unfold, swinging in a horizontal plane and pulling the connecting rod along with it. As a result, the locking mechanism levers fold to the right, retracting the bolt. At the same time, the hammer of the firing mechanism is cocked. To return the bolt forward, the shooter pushes the charging handle forward, while the bolt forces the top cartridge in the magazine into the chamber. In addition to the possibility of increasing the combat rate of fire, the articulated locking mechanism is also distinguished by its smoothness and low noise operation - important for weapons operating at relatively short ranges. The raised position of the upper cartridge in the magazine before chambering prevents it from clinging to the edge.

The impact mechanism is hammer-type, with a screw mainspring and a separate firing pin mounted in the bolt. The trigger mechanism provides release with a warning, that is, after the initial stroke of the trigger, the shooter feels a change in the force on the trigger - this is a warning that there is a short force left to release the hammer. “Warning” promotes accurate, targeted shooting. The trigger force is adjustable from 0.5 to 1.0 kgf. The trigger mechanism is assembled in a separate housing and is equipped with a non-automatic safety lock. The operation of the trigger mechanism almost does not interfere with aiming and is also characterized by low noise.

Food comes from a detachable box magazine with a single-row arrangement of 5 rounds. The inserted magazine does not protrude from the stock. It is also possible to equip it with an enlarged magazine with a capacity of 10 rounds.

The optical sight is mounted on top of the receiver using a dovetail mount. You can use a PO 4x34 or PO 6x42 sight.

The stock is walnut, with a vertically and horizontally adjustable butt and cheek rest, which allows you to adapt the weapon to the anthropometric characteristics of the shooter. The length of the stock is adjustable up to 20 mm. An adjustable folding bipod or a wrist rest can be placed on a metal guide in the forend - such rests for a supporting hand are used in both sports and sniper weapons. The bipod can also be attached in front of the fore-end. At the bottom of the butt there is a cassette for two spare 5-place magazines.

Since the requirements for the rifle required the ability to work in tight spaces, the buttstock was made detachable; a wooden pistol grip could be installed instead - a solution that is not often found in sniper weapons, but is useful when carrying out special operations.

The relatively low level of muzzle pressure of powder gases when fired, the subsonic speed of the bullet, and insignificant flame formation make the 5.6 mm cartridge very suitable for creating weapons with reduced unmasking features - silent and flameless. And the SV-99 rifle kit includes a removable silent and flameless firing device (SBS, also known as a “silencer”). PBS reduces the sound level of a shot to a level comparable to a shot from an air rifle.

TACTICAL AND TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SV-99 RIFLE

Caliber 5.6 mm Cartridge 22 LR Weight of the rifle without cartridges and scope 3.75 kg Length of the rifle with stock and silencer 980 mm Length of the rifle with handle and silencer 720 mm Barrel length 350 mm Sighting range up to 100 m Detachable box magazine Magazine capacity 5 rounds

The SV-99 rifle is very versatile and has good accuracy: at a distance of 100 m, a rifle with an installed silencer is capable of placing hits from a group of 10 shots into a circle with a diameter of 4-4.4 cm, at 50 m - 1.5 cm, the shooter can reliably hit the target the size of the “head” figure. That is, within the target range, the deflections of hits fit into a solid angle within 1 arc minute, this meets the strict requirements for sniper rifles. True, we repeat - at short ranges.

Small-caliber sniper rifle SV-99 (Russia)

SV-99 rifle, left view.
A silencer is installed on the barrel. Reloading the SV-99, the shutter is open.

Installing a magazine in SV-99. The knee-lever pair, forming the locking unit, and the bolt handle, as well as the butt attachment, are clearly visible.

caliber

: .22LR (5.6mm rimfire)
mechanism
: longitudinally sliding bolt, locking with a knee-lever pair
Barrel
: 350 mm
Weight
: 3.75 kg without optics
Length
: 1000 mm
Magazine
: 5 or 10 rounds detachable box.

The SV-99 small-caliber sniper rifle was developed by the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant (IZHMASH) for special police operations requiring low-noise shooting, a low-risk distance in case of a miss, and a low probability of bullet ricochets. Small-caliber cartridge 5.

The 6mm is perfect for these purposes thanks to its soft lead bullet with a low velocity, which also makes it easy to muffle the sound of the shot.

The price for such features is a short effective firing range (75-100 meters maximum), as well as a high requirement for accuracy in hitting a living enemy due to the low lethality of a small-caliber cartridge.

When using high-quality cartridges, the claimed accuracy of fire from the SV-99 is about 20-22mm in groups of 10 shots, which gives an accuracy slightly less than 1 MOA (1 minute of arc). This also allows the SV-99 to be used to fight guard dogs, knock out lamps above the operation site, etc.

The mechanics of the SV-99 are borrowed from the Biathlon-7 sports rifle, also produced by IZHMASH, and are built on the basis of a longitudinally sliding bolt. Locking is carried out by a knee-lever pair, similar to the Borchard-Luger system, only the levers “fold” not up, but to the side.

The charging handle is located at the rear axis of the rear lever of the pair and, when reloading, swings around a vertical axis back and forth, ensuring very fast and at the same time quiet reloading of the weapon, without shifting the aiming point. The safety is located in front of the trigger guard.

The rifle stock is made of wood, made of two parts. Under the forend there is a guide for attaching a two-legged adjustable folding bipod. The detachable buttstock of the skeletal design has an adjustable butt plate and cheek piece.

For storage and transportation, the butt can be removed; if it is necessary to shoot from limited spaces (for example, from inside a car), a separate pistol grip can be installed instead of the butt.

The silencer can also be removed for storage and transportation, as well as maintenance and cleaning of the weapon.

The SV-99 rifle does not have open sights; instead, it is equipped with various optical sights on quick-release mounts.

In general, according to my personal feelings, the SV-99 rifle is very pleasant to the touch and lies comfortably in the hands and on the shoulder. Reloading is really fast and instinctive, allowing for quick, targeted fire. The rifle obviously has its own tactical niche, albeit a small one, and could be useful in some police or counter-terrorism type operations.

SV-99. What tasks does a small-caliber sniper rifle perform?

The range of an accurate aimed shot with this cartridge is only 50-70 m. Why do we even need such a sniper rifle?

On the manufacturer’s website the following is written about this rifle: “SV-99 sniper rifle chambered for cal. rimfire cartridge. 5.6 mm. - weapons for performing special tasks by special forces units, sniper shooting exercises, training and practice shooting at a distance of up to 100 meters.” Well, shooting exercises and practice shooting for a “small gun” are the most reasonable use: the cartridge is unusually cheap; The shot is comfortable, since the recoil when firing is low and the sound is quiet. But about special tasks...

What special tasks do special forces perform with the help of such weak and short-ranged (what a word!), almost toy weapons?

1. Covert destruction of enemy personnel not protected by personal protective equipment. The .22 LR cartridge used produces a very quiet and accurate shot at short distances. “The accuracy of a shot with such a cartridge at 20-30 meters is simply amazing, and the low recoil allows you to make two or three very accurate shots in a row. When combined with a silencer, the sound of a shot can no longer be heard even from two steps away under normal background noise on a city street, and correctly selected ammunition can inflict quite serious injury on a criminal.” (Internet magazine "Army Bulletin"). By the way, a shot from this weapon at a distance of up to 100 m affects not only people, but also service dogs.

2. Covert destruction of enemy technical means. True, not all technical means, but only those that are affected by such a weak cartridge as .22 LR. Lighting equipment, video cameras, alarm units, electrical distribution boxes, radio communications, car wheels... That is, in other words, a small-caliber sniper rifle with a silencer is an almost ideal means of preparing a springboard for assaulting those objects that are technically possible to approach within direct shot range from a small-caliber rifle (50−70 m.)

It must be said that when ordering the development of such a unique weapon as the “small sniper,” the Russian military was not a pioneer in this area. American special forces have used small-caliber .22 LR weapons since such weapons were invented, since the end of the 19th century. And, apparently, they are not going to give it up just yet.

So, let's get acquainted. The SV-99 rifle (sniper rifle model 1999) is a Biathlon-7−2 sporting rifle redesigned in accordance with military requirements. This rifle was created on the basis of a patent from the legendary Izhevsk gunsmith, Doctor of Technical Sciences Gennady Nikolaevich Nikonov. By the way, it was he who designed the AN-94 assault rifle back in the early 80s of the 20th century, which Russian and foreign experts recognized as the best Russian assault rifle. But let's get back to the rifle. The essence of G. N. Nikonov’s patent is a crank locking mechanism that moves very quickly and without a click over a very short distance. This mechanism with a very small stroke allows for precise, almost jewelry shooting at a very fast pace. In addition, this design does not produce an unmasking metallic click when moving the shutter.

For military needs, the rifle was redesigned by another Izhevsk designer, V. F. Susloparov. First of all, the external sighting devices were removed. For discreet transportation of the rifle, a symmetrically shaped stock with a unit for quickly detaching the butt from the forearm was developed. The butt and stock have many adjustments. Sling swivels for attaching a portable belt provide the ability to carry the rifle equally comfortably on both the right and left sides. The rifle is equally convenient for shooting with both the right and left hands. The standard mount can accommodate quick-release bipods. The butt of the stock has a folding rear bipod for long-term stable positioning of the rifle.

The optical sight is mounted on a universal dovetail interface. The scope mounting bracket does not have special marks or a locking pin. After removing the scope, it is impossible to install it in the same place, and the rifle must be sighted again.

Ammunition: magazine for 5 rounds. A 10-round magazine option is available.

The rifle can be used without a stock by attaching a special pistol grip in its place. This was done to reduce the size and weight of the rifle.

For transportation and carrying, a special case can be supplied with the rifle.

On the first experimental rifles, the stock and stock were made of wood, then from aircraft-grade multi-layer plywood of dark green color (as on the SV-98 “sporting sniper rifle” of 7.62×54 R caliber), and since 2009 a new version of the stock and the butt began to be cast from black plastic.

The rifle is equipped with a shot silencer.

Be that as it may, the SV-99 rifle was adopted for service. However, according to the Charter, the shooter with such a rifle is equipped according to the standards of sniper rifles of normal calibers. But, in theory, shots from such a “small-caliber” should be fired many times more than from ordinary, “normal-caliber” sniper rifles. This little bureaucratic crap negates all the advantages of a small-caliber sniper rifle, because in conditions of a shortage of ammunition for special tasks, it is still better to use longer-range “silent” sniper rifles, for example, the VSS Vintorez.

Tags: rifle, equipment, military science, weapons

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