Today, more and more citizens are thinking about purchasing one or another means of self-defense, ensuring personal safety, as well as the safety of their home. The easiest thing, of course, is to purchase something that does not require a mandatory license and is not strictly controlled by the police department, such as, say, an electric shock device or a tear gas canister. But those who decide to purchase weapons for protection should first of all take care of compliance with all legal requirements currently in force. Otherwise, instead of a reliable remedy, it is quite possible to receive criminal liability.
According to the main document regulating the acquisition, licensing and ownership of weapons throughout the Russian Federation - Federal Law No. 150 FZ of December 13, 1996 “On Weapons” (hereinafter in the article - the Federal Law “On Weapons”), it is possible to purchase the following means for self-defense :
- gas weapons: this category includes various types of gas revolvers and pistols, as well as sprayers, that is, those same “gas cans”
- smooth-bore firearms (long-barreled),
- stun guns that meet established technical requirements,
- firearms of limited destruction (LDW).
The latter concept, as a separate category of weapons, appeared in the text of the law relatively recently, only in 2011, in connection with changes introduced by deputies of the State Duma of the Russian Federation to the Federal Law “On Weapons”. The need to define this type of means of self-defense was caused by a violent public reaction to the increasingly frequent cases when, in domestic conflicts, most often unreasonably, citizens used weapons of limited destruction, loaded with traumatic cartridges.
After legislative changes in the Federal Law “On Weapons”, not only a clear definition appeared of what can be considered a legal LLC, but also the requirements for the acquisition, possession, storage and, importantly, the legal use of this means of self-defense have become significantly more stringent.
What is a weapon of limited destruction?
The Federal Law “On Weapons” defines it this way: the category “Firearms of limited destruction” includes barrelless or short-barreled weapons that are intended to hit a target at a distance suitable for the use of a throwing (traumatic) cartridge that causes injury, but not harm leading to death outcome.
OOOP is also subject to the requirements for all types of self-defense weapons:
- lack of technical ability to fire in bursts,
- magazine capacity of 10 rounds or less,
- lack of technical ability to use live ammunition for shooting,
- full compliance with all requirements and restrictions of forensic science.
An important detail: unlike long-barreled firearms, legally purchased weapons of limited destruction are allowed by law not only to be stored in the home, but also to be carried on one’s person.
The types of cartridges that are supposed to be used in OOOP are separately considered. The Federal Law “On Weapons” distinguishes the following types of ammunition for ammunition:
- traumatic action,
- light and sound action,
- gas action,
- signal.
Main advantages of weapons
Overall, this weapon is an excellent choice for self-defense in everyday life. The Shaman pistol has many advantages, but the following are definitely worth mentioning:
- Compactness. The weapon is very small in size and light in weight, while still possessing lethal power. Its size is suitable for concealed carrying, it does not take up much space and can be carried with you every day;
- Easy to use. To operate the Shaman you do not need to have any special skills; you can learn to use it very quickly;
- Reliability. The absence of a power unit and microswitches makes the gun very reliable; it rarely breaks down and does not require regular repairs;
- Low price. The gun is currently offered in gun stores for $200, which is lower than its main competitors;
- Bicaliber. Possibility to use two types of cartridges: 20.5x45 and 18x45.
The pistol comes with three replaceable cartridge cartridges, while competitors usually come with two or none at all. The set of all advantages, build quality, and reliability of the weapon completely justify the price of the Shaman.
OOOP certification, weapons certified as OOOP
After the above-mentioned changes were made to the Federal Law, certificates for self-defense weapons became invalid in the summer of 2011. In this regard, all weapons intended for civil self-defense had to undergo recertification.
Thus, the following LLC models received certificates: “Osa-PB4”, Taurus LOM-13, MP-461, “Cordon”, “Lider-M”, Shark, WASP R, “Shaman”, “Groza-01”, Grand -Power T-12, TT-T, Steyr M-A1, MP-353, PM-T, MP-78-9TM, MP-80-13E, MP-79-9.
Note: these OOOP models were the first to be certified. Other models also have the possibility of re-certification, so when purchasing a weapon of limited destruction, you just need to make sure that you have a valid certificate.
The new certification rules also affected cartridges produced for OOOP, which at the moment, according to the new certificates, are called “cartridges for OOOP”. The law allows them to be applied exclusively to OP pistols.
Traumatic self-defense weapon - ooop
Home | Weapons | Traumatic self-defense weapon - ooop
This section is a catalog of traumatic self-defense weapons / limited-kill firearms with reviews of popular pistols and revolvers available on the Russian market. This section examines traumatic self-defense weapons / firearms of limited destruction and contains detailed information on the distinctive features, advantages and disadvantages of various models of traumatic weapons / firearms of limited destruction, provides a description of the design, presents tactical and technical characteristics, as well as some aspects of practical application traumatic self-defense weapons / firearms of limited destruction and cartridges of traumatic effect. Most articles contain valuable personal impressions of owners of rubber-fired weapons, obtained as a result of accumulated experience in their operation in practice. The catalog of traumatic weapons / firearms of limited destruction is regularly updated, existing materials are corrected, new personal impressions of weapon owners are laid out, and new self-defense weapons are added.
- Grand Power T11
- Grand Power T12
- Taurus LOM-13
- Barrelless pistol Cordon
- Barrelless pistol Osa Compact
- Barrelless pistol Osa PB-4
- Barrelless pistol Osa PB-4-2
- Barrelless pistol Guard MP-461
- Barrelless pistol Shaman
- Barrelless pistol Egida PB-2
- Options for purchasing and selling LLCs according to the law
- How to obtain a license for an LLC
- General questions about choosing a traumatic weapon
- Firearms of limited destruction
- Cartridges for traumatic pistols
- Pistol CZ 83 Rubber
- Pistol Grand Power T 910
- Pistol Grand Power T10
- Pistol P226T TK-P
- Pistol Scorpion Sa vz.61 Rubber
- Shark pistol
- Pistol Stalker
- Pistol Steel/Steel-2
- Pistol Steyr M-A1
- Pistol Streamer 1014
- Tanfoglio INNA pistol
- Pistol WASP R
- APS-M pistol
- Pistol Groza-01
- Pistol Groza-02 / Groza-021 EVO
- Pistol Groza-03 / Groza-031 EVO
- Pistol Groza-04 / Groza-041 EVO
- Pistol Groza-05 / Groza-051 EVO
- Pistol Esaul / Esaul-3
- Pistol Izh-78-9T
- Pistol Leader
- Pistol Leader-M
- Pistol Makarych Izh-79-9T
- Pistol Makarych Izh-79-9T-10
- Pistol MP-341 Howdah
- Pistol MP-353
- Pistol MP-355 Stechkin
- Pistol MP-78-9TM
- Pistol MP-79-9TM
- Pistol MP-80-13T
- Pistol MP-81 / MP-82
- Pistol PM-T
- Pistol PST Corporal
- T4 Terminator pistol
- TT-T pistol
- TTK pistol
- Pistol Phantom-T
- Pistol Fort-12T / Fort-12P
- Pistol Fort-17T / Fort-17P
- Jorge's gun
- Pistol Jorge-1
- Pistol Jorge-3
- Revolver Taurus 9mm PA
- Revolver Agent TKB-0216T
- Revolver Nagan-M
- Revolver Nagan-RF
- Revolver Naganych R-1
- Revolver Ratnik 410×45TK
- Groza series revolvers
This catalog of traumatic self-defense weapons / firearms of limited destruction contains articles with a detailed description of the distinctive features, design, advantages and disadvantages of various models of self-defense weapons permitted for civilian circulation in the Russian Federation. Self-defense traumatic weapons/firearms of limited destruction are divided into self-loading traumatic pistols, barrelless traumatic pistols and traumatic revolvers. This section presents the majority of rubber-fired weapons available on the Russian civilian weapons market today, and, of course, all the new self-defense weapons. The catalog of self-defense weapons of the site Small Arms and Ammunition is also a guide for choosing traumatic weapons / firearms of limited destruction both for the purpose of self-defense and for the purpose of shooting sports. To compare different models, the articles present their main characteristics, including muzzle energy, as well as aspects of the practical use of traumatic self-defense weapons / firearms of limited destruction and traumatic cartridges. There is a useful selection of excerpts from weapons legislation containing the classification of traumatic self-defense weapons, terms and definitions. These excerpts provide materials on how to obtain a license for a traumatic weapon and how to store and carry a self-defense weapon, as well as in what cases, from a legal point of view, it is possible to use a traumatic self-defense weapon. This catalog of traumatic weapons / firearms of limited destruction contains many valuable personal reviews from owners of self-defense weapons on various models of “rubber” weapons. The section receives new personal impressions from owners of traumatic weapons/limited-damage firearms, according to which the articles are adjusted and new self-defense weapons are added.
Firearms of limited destruction, also known as traumatic weapons, are intended for temporary destruction of biological targets - people and animals, in cases of self-defense and to suppress illegal or aggressive actions committed by them. In Western countries, such weapons are called less lethal - English. less-lethal. The principle of operation of firearms of limited destruction is to inflict injury so that the pain from it forces the aggressor to stop the attack, but does not kill. A limited-kill firearm must be effective in stopping an aggressor without causing serious injury or death. Such requirements for traumatic weapons force its designers to significantly limit the power of its cartridges. The most common less-lethal weapon is the traumatic one, which uses the kinetic energy of a bullet or rubber buckshot to injure the aggressor.
In firearms of limited destruction, the energy of powder gases is used to throw a projectile, that is, in essence, these are short-barreled firearms that fire cartridges in which rubber bullets are used instead of conventional lead jacketed or non-jacketed bullets. Shooting cartridges with rubber bullets is also possible from conventional smoothbore guns. However, due to legal restrictions, limited impact firearms cannot fire solid bullet cartridges. A rubber bullet, due to its relatively low penetrating ability, will have more energy at the moment it hits the target, the larger its caliber, which means that when choosing the most effective model of a traumatic weapon, you should pay attention primarily to large-caliber models. However, a large caliber increases the size of the weapon, which is critical when carrying it concealed. In addition, large-caliber pistols and revolvers have smaller capacity magazines and drums. But still, the efficiency of a large caliber compensates for these shortcomings.
Firearms of limited destruction can be created on the basis of combat pistols and revolvers, on the basis of gas or noise models, as well as a newly developed model. The greatest operational reliability, durability and high service life are found in models created on the basis of combat samples or originally developed as firearms with limited destruction. Such weapons include Groza, PM-T, MP-80-13T, Grand Power T12 pistols, Groza-S and Ratnik 410×45TK revolvers. However, most of these models do not use large-caliber cartridges for firing, unlike specially designed models of firearms with limited destruction. Examples of such models for large-caliber traumatic cartridges are the barrelless pistols Osa PB-4, Egida PB-2, Strazhnik MP-461 and Shaman. But such weapons also have their drawbacks - small ammunition, expensive cartridges, significantly less strength and service life than models created on the basis of military weapons.
Traumatic self-defense weapon - ooop
- Firearms of limited destruction
- Pistol Leader-M
- TT-T pistol
- Pistol Groza-03 / Groza-031 EVO
- Taurus LOM-13
- Revolver Agent TKB-0216T
- Pistol Steel/Steel-2
- Pistol Leader
- Pistol MP-78-9TM
- Pistol Izh-78-9T
- Barrelless pistol Osa Compact
- Groza series revolvers
- APS-M pistol
- Pistol PST Corporal
- Barrelless pistol Osa PB-4-2
- Tanfoglio INNA pistol
- Pistol MP-81 / MP-82
- Pistol Groza-05 / Groza-051 EVO
- Pistol WASP R
- Pistol Esaul / Esaul-3
- Pistol Makarych Izh-79-9T
- Pistol Fort-17T / Fort-17P
- How to obtain a license for an LLC
- Pistol Groza-02 / Groza-021 EVO
- Revolver Taurus 9mm PA
- Pistol Jorge-3
- Pistol Streamer 1014
- Jorge's gun
- Pistol MP-79-9TM
- Pistol MP-353
- General questions about choosing a traumatic weapon
- Pistol Groza-01
- Barrelless pistol Shaman
- Pistol MP-355 Stechkin
- Pistol Fort-12T / Fort-12P
- Cartridges for traumatic pistols
- Pistol Jorge-1
- Pistol Makarych Izh-79-9T-10
- Pistol Groza-04 / Groza-041 EVO
- Pistol PM-T
- Pistol Grand Power T 910
- Barrelless pistol Osa PB-4
- Pistol Steyr M-A1
- Pistol Phantom-T
- Pistol Stalker
- Revolver Nagan-RF
- Revolver Naganych R-1
- Options for purchasing and selling LLCs according to the law
- Barrelless pistol Guard MP-461
- Grand Power T11
- Revolver Nagan-M
- Grand Power T12
- Pistol MP-80-13T
- Pistol Scorpion Sa vz.61 Rubber
- Pistol P226T TK-P
- Pistol Grand Power T10
- Barrelless pistol Egida PB-2
- Pistol CZ 83 Rubber
- Pistol MP-341 Howdah
- Barrelless pistol Cordon
- T4 Terminator pistol
- TTK pistol
- Revolver Ratnik 410×45TK
- Shark pistol
Service LLC
The Federal Law “On Weapons” defines very clearly what a weapon should be for official purposes. So, it must have a magazine capacity of 10 rounds or less and exclude the possibility of firing in bursts. Another essential requirement is that it must have differences established by law from civilian and military weapons.
Weapons of limited destruction are also allowed to be used as service weapons subject to the following conditions:
- Full compliance with all forensic requirements.
- The technical possibility of firing any cartridges intended for combat and all types of smooth-bore and rifled weapons from the OOOP must be completely excluded.
- The energy of a shot with traumatic cartridges should be no more than 150 J.
In particular, in 2012, limited-destruction service weapons were included in the standards for providing weapons and ammunition to private security companies from the standard of 1 unit of LLC with traumatic cartridges for two security guards.
Who has the right to purchase LLC
You need to know that not every citizen of the Russian Federation can become the owner of a POO. Article 13 of the Federal Law “On Weapons” defines the full circle of citizens who have the right to obtain permission to purchase firearms of limited destruction. Such people are:
• citizens of the Russian Federation who are over 21 years old.
It is worth noting here that for other self-defense weapons, the age of the purchaser is 18 years or older.
• citizens of the Russian Federation, under 21 years of age, but undergoing military service in the State Military District (state paramilitary organizations) and having a military rank or other special ranks and ranks provided for by the Federal Law “On Weapons”.
The age cannot be reduced even by decision of the competent authorities, as is allowed in the case of hunting weapons.
It should also be remembered that in order to obtain permission to purchase an LLC, it is necessary to undergo a special training course in the safe handling of weapons at an educational or sports institution that provides such training under a license. After training, a certificate and a certificate of knowledge testing are issued, which is mandatory submitted to the LRO (licensing and permitting department) of the Department of Internal Affairs. Retraining and knowledge testing will have to be repeated every five years.
How to obtain a license (permit) for POO, list of required documents
A permit for a weapon of limited destruction is issued at the licensing and permitting department of the Department of Internal Affairs at the place of registration.
List of documents that must be submitted to the LRO Department of Internal Affairs in order to obtain a license to purchase an LLC:
- application for permission,
- passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation and copies of passport pages,
- a document confirming completion of training and knowledge testing on the safe handling of firearms with an attached certificate of knowledge testing,
- medical report in form 046-1 (attached to it is a copy of the medical institution’s license),
- extracts from a psychoneurological and drug treatment clinic confirming that the future owner of the weapon is not registered,
- receipt of payment of state duty,
- three 3x4 photographs.
You can purchase an LLC only after receiving permission! A license to purchase firearms of limited destruction is given for five years. During this time, the citizen enjoys the right to purchase for himself no more than two weapons.
To purchase an LLC, the license must be presented in the store along with the passport of the future owner.
The next step after making the purchase should be the registration of the purchased self-defense weapon in the LRO of the Department of Internal Affairs at the place of permanent registration of the owner of the LLC. The Federal Law “On Weapons” requires this to be done within fourteen days from the date of purchase.
To renew a license, three months before the expiration date of the permit, you must submit to the LRO the same package of documents as for obtaining the permit.
Purpose and requirements for traumatic devices
Traumatic weapons are also called “non-lethal” or “less lethal”. The second name gives a clear idea that the use of such weapons may be unsafe for the attacker. The main purpose of such devices is to cause injury or injury in order to stop or prevent an attack. That is why such pistols are the best option for self-defense and self-defense from various attacks on life or property.
Traumatic weapons are used not only by civilians, but also by human rights activists.
Rubber bullets fired from injuries are not capable of damaging the skin, especially when a person is wearing clothes. However, such cartridges have enough energy to cause serious injuries and even fractures. Shooting weak points on the body can be fatal.
Limitations for license applicants
In addition to the age restrictions determined by the Federal Law “On Weapons,” there are other reasons why the LRO has grounds to refuse an applicant to obtain a license to purchase firearms of limited destruction:
- absence of a medical report (form 046-1) and (or) an extract from a psychoneurological and narcological dispensary,
- if the applicant for the purchase of weapons is registered in a psychoneurological or drug treatment clinic,
- in the presence of diseases that legally exclude the possibility of owning weapons of limited destruction,
- in the absence of documents confirming training in the rules of safe handling of OOOP,
- having an outstanding conviction for intentional crimes,
- serving a suspended or actual sentence for a crime committed,
- if the applicant does not have a permanent place of residence,
- in case of repeated commission of administrative offenses (within a year),
- deprived of the right to own weapons in accordance with a court decision.
How to store OOOP at home
An integral and mandatory rule for issuing this license is the creation of conditions that ensure home storage of firearms of limited destruction and special cartridges only in a safe or in a special metal box with a secure lock.
The availability of storage space in the home of the purchaser of weapons must be checked by the local police detective. A conclusion is drawn up on checking the availability of storage conditions, which can be obtained from the district police officer yourself. But, as a rule, this document is requested by the licensing and permitting department, therefore the conclusion is not indicated in the list of mandatory documents for licensing.
Pistol Vostok 9 mm RA
The design is based on the Ukrainian “Fort”, but Vostok is entirely manufactured in Klimovsk. The pistol is made of very high quality, which is reflected in its price. However, due to the outdated design of the barrel, the muzzle energy of Vostok pistols, the legal limit of 91 J, is not achieved with any of the 9 mm RA cartridges produced today. Vyatsko-Polyansky still offers “Leader” pistols, converted from TT combat pistols into barrelless firearms. The 11.43x32T cartridge and the general quality of the “fenced” TT work against this model - the “Leaders” defect rate is the highest on the market.
Wearing OOOP
Carrying an OOOP, like any firearm, is subject to a number of restrictions. In particular, it is possible to carry an LLC only on the basis of an issued license or special permit. An important detail: if a citizen has a firearm of limited destruction on him, a license for it or a permit to carry and store it must also always be on hand. In addition, along with the permit or license, be sure to carry identification documents of the owner.
Carrying a weapon of limited destruction is possible with a magazine loaded with cartridges, but only in a holster, with the safety on and without a cartridge in the chamber.
It is prohibited to carry self-defense weapons, even if you have a permit, when participating in events involving large crowds of people: rallies, processions, parades, cultural, sports and other events, except for the cases provided for by the Federal Law “On Weapons”. There is also a ban on carrying firearms in educational institutions, in leisure establishments that sell alcoholic beverages (bar, restaurant, etc.), and a ban on carrying firearms while drunk.
What are the consequences for the owner of an LLC for non-compliance with wearing rules? The Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation provides for punishment in the form of a fine from 500 to 2000 rubles or temporary deprivation of the legal right to purchase LLC, carry LLC, or store LLC from six months to a year. Only under strict and strict observance of all conditions established by law is it permissible to carry a firearm of limited destruction. A permit to store and carry must contain information about the model, type and type of LLC.
Civilian short-barreled weapons in Russia. Part 2
And thunder struck...
The “golden age” in the traumatic weapons market did not last long.
After a number of incidents that became public knowledge, the hype that has become traditional for our country arose. Not to say that the incidents were out of the ordinary: several fights with the use of trauma, several cases of shooting at weddings, several cases of exceeding the necessary defense (which, given our law enforcement practice on self-defense, is a rather dubious argument). I am sure that during the same period, a much larger harvest of dead and crippled people was collected with bats, knives and other household items.
One of the incidents looks interesting when 39-year-old Lieutenant Colonel of the Ministry of Internal Affairs Anatoly Maurin shot and killed the driver of a snowplow. According to media reports, Maurin fired from a gas pistol converted to fire traumatic cartridges. According to the lieutenant colonel, he just wanted to scare the utility worker, so he aimed at the leg, knowing that it would not cause serious damage to his health. But everything turned out wrong: the bullet damaged an artery, and the driver died of blood loss right in the cabin of his special vehicle. We will return to this incident later.
In general, the fact remains: as a result of increasing cases of press coverage, a decision was made to “react”, and in mid-2011, President D.A. Medvedev signed amendments to the law “On Weapons” as soon as possible.
Main innovations: - introduction of a single designation for all types of traumatic weapons OOOP (firearms of limited destruction); — a strict limitation of muzzle energy for all types of traumatic weapons at the level of 91 joules; — limit on the number of LLCs purchased for the owner in an amount of no more than two units; — passing an exam, including a practical and theoretical part, when obtaining a license and retaking it once every five years; — a ban on the sale of foreign traumatic weapons in Russia; — ban on metal cores in cartridges for traumatic weapons.
The clause on introducing a ban on the sale of foreign traumatic weapons clearly hints that the domestic manufacturer put their hands on this bill, since there were no other objective prerequisites for removing foreign weapons from the market; they undergo certification on a general basis.
Innovations dealt a crushing blow to the entire trauma market. Decreased efficiency, the withdrawal of high-quality foreign weapons from the market, dancing with a tambourine when obtaining and renewing a license, a limit on the number of no more than two pieces, forced many to abandon their licenses, weapons, or plans to obtain them.
Subsequently, legislation in the field of traumatic weapons only became more stringent. In particular, amendments by deputy Irina Yarovaya in 2014 increased the age for purchasing an LLC to 21 years, limited the places where you can be with an LLC, and increased liability for carrying while intoxicated and losing weapons.
What can you say about changes in legislation? On the one hand, this direction was quite uncontrolled and required legal regulation. On the other hand, the decisions made do not always look justified and reasonable.
For example, the requirement to pass an exam is objectively necessary, because Some buyers of traumatic weapons have no idea how to handle them, and this leads to accidents during handling and cases of excess of self-defense.
As an example, we can cite the story of a shooting instructor, when during an exam for the acquisition of an LLC, a candidate began inserting cartridges into the pistol magazine backwards.
Even the requirement to retake it once every five years, although unpleasant, will at least force the owners from time to time to study what our legislators have come up with.
The most painful point for many owners is reducing the power to 91 joules and strict monitoring of compliance with this requirement. Most likely, this was inevitable, since without it, through the efforts of manufacturers and consumers, the muzzle energy of a “traumatic” weapon would soon exceed that of a combat weapon, making it possible for a rubber ball to penetrate class I and II body armor (humor).
The clause on the possibility of acquiring no more than two units of an LLC, instead of the previously existing limit of five units, looks absolutely ridiculous. Probably, before its adoption, in the eyes of legislators, the owner of a trauma car looked something like this:
Still from the film “The Boondock Saints”
The only thing this point affected was a decrease in the income of LLC producers. In the end, in order to minimize the likelihood of characters from the above film appearing, it was enough to prohibit the simultaneous carrying of more than one or two units of OOOP.
And finally, restrictions on carrying in certain places definitely do not lead to increased safety for others. It is the gun-free zones, i.e. Weapon-free zones attract criminal elements and mentally unstable citizens as the safest places for carrying out their illegal activities, for example, mass shootings. It is logical that if a person has decided to commit mass murder, then an administrative fine and deprivation of his license are unlikely to stop him, just like a security guard with a spray can at the metal detector frame at the entrance.
A more logical addition to the law “On Weapons” would be to oblige the owners of all establishments where the carrying of weapons is not allowed to organize the regulated acceptance of LLCs for temporary storage in a safe with a combination lock and two keys.
But let's return to the LLC itself. The adopted legislative changes required manufacturers to make design changes to weapons and re-certify. Most of the weapon models, albeit with weakened characteristics, remained on the market.
Foreign models of traumatic weapons, with the wave of a magic wand, became Russian and began to be produced in Russia using large-scale assembly with a gradual increase in the share of domestic components.
Some manufacturers, for example, Tula, a manufacturer of Cordon pistols and 18x45 caliber cartridges, have completely left the traumatic weapons market, focusing on unlicensed aerosol self-defense weapons.
At the same time, a trend arose such as the resale of “pre-reform” weapons and ammunition. Sales are still being carried out at prices that are inflated by two, four, ten times.
Section “Purchase and sale” of the guns.ru forum
Equalization in terms of muzzle energy has led to the fact that the choice of a cartridge of one caliber or another has essentially lost much importance. The difference in the mass of the rubber ball within a few grams is compensated by a decrease in speed to obtain a final 91 joules. Accordingly, either a slightly less penetrating effect, a little more stopping, and vice versa. In essence, this competition, within the boundaries strictly limited by legislators, is reminiscent of measuring the speed of smartphones in benchmarks, in the so-called. "parrots".
Nevertheless, manufacturers continue to come up with new types of cartridges with a rubber bullet, trying to “shove in the unshoveable” and make the OOO a little more effective self-defense weapon, without going beyond 91 joules, and at the same time increase sales a little.
The ban on steel cores led to changes in 18x45 and 18.5x55 cartridges. The bullets have increased in size and use hard rubber with lead powder to increase mass. A personal comparative shooting of old 18x45 cartridges with a steel core and new ones without it did not reveal a radical advantage of the former in terms of penetration ability.
Cases, bullets and bullet cores of 18x45 caliber cartridges. From left to right - components of a cartridge produced by "NOT" (the very first bullet core produced by NIIPH), components of a cartridge from, components of a modern cartridge without a core produced by "NOT"
In general, we can say that the effectiveness of existing traumatic weapons as a means of self-defense is at approximately the same low level, regardless of whether it refers to former barrelless weapons or small-caliber traumatic weapons. The potentially slightly greater stopping effect of Osa cartridges is compensated by the larger ammunition load of small-caliber traumatic weapons.
The line of pistols of the Osa family has been replenished with several OOOP samples, for example, the M-09 with 18.5x55 cartridges and a green laser laser (the dot is clearly visible during the day). The cost of this pistol is comparable to small-caliber traumatic guns and significantly exceeds the cost of previously released models. However, they are still on sale, as are their cartridges.
OOOP M-09 caliber 18.5x55
Cartridges for all OOOPs with electric ignition are still three to five times more expensive than cartridges for small-caliber trauma weapons, which imposes restrictions on the ability to train intensively.
After the first pistol PB-4, pistols of the Osa type began to use an electronic method of switching barrels. The operating algorithm of the circuit is as follows: first, the electronics interrogates the first cartridge with a weak current, if the circuit is closed, then a shot is fired, if not, then the next cartridge is checked, and so on. Theoretically, this should provide a guarantee of the first shot if there is at least one serviceable cartridge in the barrel block.
In practice, several times I encountered a situation where the shot did not occur at all, i.e. the electronics erroneously identified the first cartridge as serviceable, in fact, for some reason it did not fire and did not allow other cartridges to fire. Fortunately, this happened during training; the cases themselves occurred quite a long time ago, and have not recurred in the last five years.
Another potentially weak element is the magnetic pulse generator - MIG, used in Osa pistols to initiate a shot. Sometimes it is prone to sudden destruction without warning. In this sense, the outdated model PB-4-1 is more reliable, in which electric ignition is carried out from a CR-123A lithium battery, which is trouble-free, frost-resistant, and has a long service life.
The manufacturer can be recommended to abandon the MIG in favor of the CR123A battery, simplify the circuit, leaving simple switching without diagnosing cartridges “in a circle”. Place diagnostics in a separate element. For example, when you grasp the handle, or when you turn on the laser center, all cartridges in the barrel block are diagnosed, and their status (yes/no) is displayed by four dim red-green LEDs. This will also allow you to use different types of cartridges in the barrel block without the fear that the wrong one will fire.
Pistols of the Slovak company Grand Power began to be produced in Russia, first, then by the Dyagterev Plant, and then at the facilities of AKBS. In general, the 10x28 caliber models - T-12F and compact T-11F are comparable in quality (according to owner reviews) to the original Slovak pistol. Among the latest new products is the T-15F in .45×30 caliber. The new .45x30 caliber cartridge for the Grand Power T-15 F is loaded with a 15mm diameter rubber ball into a case made from a trimmed 30-06 caliber case.
LLC Grand Power T-15F, T-12F, T-11F
Rubber bullets. From left to right – 10 mm (9PA and 10x28 “Sport” cartridges), 12 mm (10x28), 13 mm (.45 Rubber) and 15 mm (.45x30 and .410x45)
Post-reform models also include the TTK-F pistol, also produced by . OOOP TTK-F was developed based on the design of the TT pistol (Tula, Tokarev). The frame and bolt of the original design pistol are made with reduced dimensions relative to the base TT and are made of steel.
TTK-F with homemade handle plates installed by the owner.
An interesting variant of LLCOP has been proposed. For a long time, the traumatic version of the Makarov pistol (MR-79T), beloved by many, was produced by Izhmekh. There have been many complaints about this weapon regarding the quality of workmanship, including welded teeth in the barrel breaking out, or crushed teeth cracking. All this led to constant finishing and “finishing” of weapons by the owners. On guns.ru there were numerous instructions for making the necessary improvements; spare parts were sold - barrel bushings, springs, and the like.
Based on the PM, she developed the P-M17T traumatic pistol. The new product differs from the MP-79T produced by Izhmekh by a bolt and frame manufactured by milling on high-precision machines, an “old-style” trigger guard, a small “beaver tail” in the rear of the frame, the front part of the bolt, characteristic of PM early releases, and a notch on the bolt for convenient reloading with a front grip.
According to preliminary data, the product turned out to be of fairly high quality, the way a Makarov pistol should be after decades of production, albeit in a traumatic version.
OOP P-M17T produced by Uralmekhkomplekt.
The weight of the P-M17T pistol is 750 g; standard PM magazines with a capacity of 8 rounds are used. The manufacturer guarantees shooting accuracy at a distance of 5 m of no more than 60 mm.
Attempts by manufacturers to develop traumatic weapons in conditions of strict administrative restrictions and stagnation of the market for traumatic weapons, as well as the resulting appearance of quite high-quality weapons of this type, show how tenacious and adaptable private business is. In the context of the legalization of rifled short-barreled weapons in Russia, the issue of the appearance of high-quality pistols would have long ago moved from the stage of promises and assumptions (how many of them there were and are - “Rook” / GSh-18 / “Strizh” / “Boa constrictor” / PL-15) to the creation and production of real samples, which would provide the armed forces and police with the opportunity to choose the optimal weapon in terms of characteristics and quality.
As for civilian traumatic weapons in general, its very concept is inherently flawed, since it is impossible to obtain a sufficient stopping effect without the risk of killing or causing serious bodily harm to the attacker.
Initially, traumatic weapons are weapons of professionals, in addition to the main military weapons. No police officer in his right mind (if there is adequate legislation) will use trauma against a violator who poses a threat to his life, for example, with a knife or a hammer - he will use standard, military weapons. Trauma is used to disperse riots and protests, but this is a completely different weapon - a large caliber one. It can also be used in special conditions, for example, in factories where explosions are possible, on airplanes, etc. In any case, this specific weapon is part of the equipment of a professional policeman and special forces.
In my opinion, the best name for Russian traumatic weapons would be UNP - firearms of unpredictable destruction. Reduced characteristics compared to military weapons - reduced muzzle energy, worse accuracy, weakened zones and the presence of obstacles in the weapon itself turn its use into a lottery. First, whether it will fire or not fire, whether it will jam or not, then where it will hit, how the rubber bullet will behave, whether it will burst in the barrel or not, whether it will hit soft tissue or bone, how clothing will affect it, and so on.
If when you shoot in the leg with a military weapon you are likely to limit the enemy’s mobility, then with OOOP there is no predictability. The enemy may die from accidentally hitting the vessels, as in the case given at the beginning of the article, or may not react to the shot at all, continuing the attack.
The unpredictability of the result forces users, especially if the enemy is tightly dressed, to shoot in the head, which greatly increases the likelihood of death and subsequent sending the self-defender to his bunk.
Future prospects for the arms market can be assessed in several versions.
In a pessimistic scenario, requirements for owners and weapons will become more and more stringent. Initiatives have already been voiced on the mandatory wearing of special vests by owners of LLCs, a ban on wearing LLCs and allowing only storage at the place of residence (who will need it then?) and other proposals that are both absurd and senseless. Ultimately this will mean the death of OOOP.
In a stable scenario, the situation with OOO will be frozen for an indefinite period, and in ten to fifteen years we will see with interest what miracles domestic engineering will achieve in attempts to create the ideal “trauma”.
Optimistic scenario. The likelihood of increasing the permitted muzzle energy is extremely low, although the path of legislation in Russia is inscrutable, although, in my opinion, the only optimistic scenario may be the legalization of rifled short-barreled weapons. Not “free sale,” as is often said in the incompetent media, but legal, controlled, licensed sale. We will talk about the possibility of implementing such a scenario in Russia, the moral, legal and technical aspects, and how this may be related to sporting firearms with short-barreled weapons in the next article.
Transportation LLC
Transportation of weapons of limited destruction within the region is carried out on the basis of a license or permit for storage and carrying issued by the Department of Internal Affairs. For safety reasons, transportation is carried out disassembled, in a special case or case. During transportation, the owner must have a license to purchase weapons of limited destruction and an identity card (passport). Within any populated areas, transportation of OOOP in a charged state is strictly prohibited. No more than five pieces of self-defense weapons and 400 or less pieces of ammunition for them are allowed to be transported at the same time. In other words, transportation, as well as carrying firearms of limited destruction, is legally difficult, although possible.
If it is intended to export the LLC outside the region, then a separate transportation permit must be issued at the licensing and permitting department.
Rules for the destruction of OOOP and cartridges for it
If there is no longer a need for self-defense weapons, or in cases where the license for a weapon of limited destruction is revoked or liquidated, the question arises: how can you destroy or otherwise get rid of the weapons you own? According to the Federal Law “On Weapons”, LLCs can be sold by first notifying the police department where the weapon is registered.
If the weapon or cartridges become unusable, according to the Rules for the circulation of civilian and service weapons, they are transferred free of charge to the supplier or seller for destruction at the request of the legal owner.
How and in what cases is it possible to use OOOP
It is not in vain that the legislator emphasizes that firearms of limited destruction refer exclusively to weapons of self-defense. Moreover, any case of use of personal or service weapons is subject to investigation and review to determine the justification of such action. There are many restrictions on the methods of using weapons of limited destruction, along with the use of any other firearm, as well as for situations when this action will be legal.
The main rule for using OOOP is to use exclusively weapons that are legally owned and only in cases where the use of firearms of limited destruction is necessary defense, and perhaps an extreme necessity. Another question is that it can be used both to preserve and protect health and life, and to protect property.
Violation of the principles and rules for the use of weapons of limited destruction established by law can entail unpleasant and even severe legal consequences.
So, how and in what cases to use OOOP for self-defense, so as not to turn from a victim into a suspect, and then into a defendant.
- To take out, threaten to use and use a weapon only in case of a visible threat to life and health, for example, if there is an object in the hands of the attacker that looks like a weapon, or in the case of a group attack, when there is more than one attacker.
- Before using a weapon, there must be a clear warning of the intention to use it, for example, a shot in the air, a warning shout, or jerking the bolt.
- It is unacceptable to aim at the head, heart or groin area. Such actions may be regarded as intentional harm.
- It is necessary to report the use of OOOP to the police department within no more than 24 hours. All assistance from the Department of Internal Affairs, the presence of a lawyer and a well-written explanation are welcome.
- In cases where we are not talking about armed or group attacks, the law prohibits the use of weapons of limited destruction against women, minors and people who have obvious signs of disability.
Shaman Features
The Shaman pistol, known to many, went into production in 2010. It was developed by . This type of weapon is a traumatic barrelless pistol, fired from which unique 20.5x45 cartridges are used, developed by the manufacturing company specifically for this weapon.
It is worth noting that the Shaman boasts a good feature - bi-caliber. In addition to the main ammunition, it can be loaded with more common 18x45 cartridges. You can use traumatic, light-sound and signal charges. The muzzle energy of such a small pistol is as much as 120 J, which is a third more than that of the popular Wasp. This indicator makes the Shaman one of the most powerful pistols in the traumatic category.
The bi-caliber property was imparted to these weapons in order to expand the scope of application and to attract buyers. The fact is that the main charge on the 20.5x45 does not have light-noise and signal options, which significantly reduces the functionality of the gun. An 18x45 caliber charge solves this problem.
decided to deprive their brainchild of the electronic unit and various microswitches, as a result of which the Shaman barrelless pistol became much more reliable than its competitors. The charge here is a clip of two vertically arranged cartridges. Like any other traumatic barrelless pistol, the cartridge case serves as the barrel.
When loading 20.5x45 mm cartridges, you do not need to use any additional devices, which cannot be said about working with 18x45 cartridges. To shoot them from the Shaman, you will need a special adapter.
For aiming there are two options: a mechanical non-adjustable sight and a laser target designator. For the second option, a convenient activation system is used: when a person takes the gun in his hand, he can press the laser activation button with a slight movement of his finger. To power this sight, a CR2 lithium battery is used. You can monitor the battery charge using a special indicator located on the left side of the handle.
