AK-74 TTX. Photo. Video. Dimensions. Bullet speed. Sighting range. Weight

AKM bullet energy , kgm	Lethal force of AKM , kgm/cm2	AK-74 bullet energy , kgm	Lethal force of AK-74 bullet , kgm/cm2
0	206	423,5	140,5	566
100	157	322	111	447
200	117	240,5	87	350
300	86	177	61	246
400	63	129,5	56	225
500	47	96,6	38	153
600	37	76	26	104
700	32	66	20	81
800	29	59,6	16	64,5
900	26	53,4	14	56
1000	23	47,28	12	48

99% believe that the 5.45×39 cartridge has the same case as the 7.62×39mm. However, the 5.45mm cartridge case is actually slightly smaller than the 7.62mm cartridge. Thus, the diameter of the case flange for the 7.62 cartridge is 11.3 mm, while for the low-pulse cartridge it is 10 mm. Moreover, the number “39” is also very arbitrary. In fact, the 7.62mm case is 38.5mm long, while the 5.45mm case is 39.82mm long.

The new machine could have been like this, but the commission preferred the proven option:

Tactical and technical requirements for a new complex of unified assault rifle and light machine gun chambered for 5.45mm caliber were issued by the GRAU General Staff of the Soviet Army in 1966, and in 1968 competitive testing of a number of prototypes began. At the same time, due to the requirements for a significant increase in the accuracy of fire and the probability of hitting a target (compared to a standard AKM ), most of the competition samples had so-called balanced automatics, where the momentum of the massive bolt group was compensated by the oncoming movement of a special counterweight, thereby significantly reducing vibration and the recoil of the weapon felt by the shooter when firing. According to the test results, the most successful model with balanced automation turned out to be the SA-006 assault rifle developed by designer Konstantinov from the city of Kovrov. In the last, military round of testing, he was opposed by the A-3 assault rifle designed by Kalashnikov, which had traditional automatics and was a development of the AKM . According to the test results, the Konstantinov assault rifle showed higher combat effectiveness (probability of hitting a target), better accuracy of fire, and reliability comparable to its competitor. However, the competition commission recommended adopting the Kalashnikov assault rifle, as having a proven design that was mastered by industry and the military. In addition, the new 5.45 mm Kalashnikov assault rifle was somewhat lighter than its competitor and cheaper to produce. At the beginning of 1974, the new Kalashnikov assault rifle was adopted by the Soviet army in two main versions - the AK-74 with a fixed wooden stock and the AKS-74 with a side-folding stock.
AKS-74
The most noticeable external difference between the AK-74 and the AKM is the massive muzzle brake, which makes it possible to reduce the already not very strong recoil even more. This allows you to improve the accuracy and accuracy of fire, especially with fast single shots and bursts. The disadvantage of the new muzzle brake is that it directs the shock wave mainly to the sides, and the sound of the shot is felt quite painfully by the shooter’s neighbors from the sides.

The 7N6 bullet contained a heat-stamped, untreated steel core made of 10 steel, a bimetallic jacket and a lead jacket. There was a cavity in the head of the bullet that made it possible to shift the center of gravity of the bullet towards the tail and ensure that the bullet loses stability when it encounters an obstacle, which gives it an additional lethal effect. a cartridge with such a bullet was produced until 1987 until, in the wake of perestroika, fighters for causing less suffering to enemy soldiers forced this bullet, which was then called a bullet with a displaced center of gravity, to be discontinued. In response to this, the efforts of the technologists of the Barnaul Machine Tool Plant. A 5.45 mm cartridge with a 7N10 increased penetration bullet was developed and put into service. The cavity in the head of the bullet was filled with lead, which made it possible to effectively hit body armor plates made of titanium alloys at a distance of 200 meters and a steel sheet 16 mm thick at a distance of 100 meters.

Like its predecessor the AKM , the AK-74 is an automatic weapon with a gas automatic engine, magazine feed and air-cooled barrel. The automation is based on a gas engine with a long stroke gas piston...

Model	Cartridge	Length with/without butt, mm	Barrel length, mm	Weight without cartridges, kg	Rate of fire, rounds per minute	Sighting range, m	Initial bullet speed, m/s
AK	7,62×39	870	415	4,3	600	800	710
AKM	7,62×39	880	415	3,14	600	1000	715
AK-74	5,45×39	940	415	3,3	600-650	1000	900
AK-74 M	5,45×39	943/705	415	3,63	650	1000	900
AKS-74 U	5,45×39	730/490	206,5	2,7	700	500	735
AK101	5,56×45	943/700	415	3,63	600	1000	910
AK102	5,56×45	824/586	314	3,23	600	500	850
AK103	7,62×39	943/705	415	3,6	600	1000	715
AK104	7,62×39	824/586	314	3,15	600	500	670
AK105	5,45×39	824/586	314	3,23	600	500	840
AK-107	5,45×39	943/700	415	3,8	850	1000	900
AK-108	5,56×45	943/700	415	3,8	900	1000	910
AK-109	7,62×39	943/700	415	3,8	900	1000	750

The leading element of the automation is a massive bolt frame, to which the gas piston rod is rigidly attached. The gas chamber is located above the barrel, the gas piston moves inside a removable gas tube with a barrel lining. The bolt frame moves inside the receiver along two side guides, and the design provides significant gaps between the moving parts of the automation and the stationary elements of the receiver, which ensures reliable operation even with severe internal contamination of the weapon.

Another aspect that contributes to the reliable operation of automation in difficult conditions is the obviously excessive power of the gas engine under normal conditions. This allows you to abandon the gas regulator, and thereby simplify the design of the weapon and its operation. The price of this solution is increased recoil and vibration of the weapon when firing, which reduces the accuracy and accuracy of fire, and also reduces the service life of the receiver, the rear wall of which receives impacts from the massive bolt frame.

However, if the AK-74 is not cleaned and lubricated systematically , then sooner or later piston sticking, underfilling and underextraction of cartridges, corrosion, clogging of the barrel bore and other things characteristic of all models with mechanics that operate on the expansion of powder gases will still begin to occur. . To their misfortune, careless shooters are convinced of this, who did not care about cleaning, and are now contemplating a beautiful rose in the place where the barrel once was or, often, an equally beautiful mess in the place where the fingers once were.

AK-74M

AK-74M with a 60-round magazine and an under-barrel grenade launcher. The barrel bore is locked by a rotating bolt on two radial lugs that engage with the elements of the receiver liner. Rotation of the bolt is ensured by the interaction of the protrusion on its body with a shaped groove on the inner surface of the bolt frame. The return spring with the guide rod and its base are made as a single assembly. The base of the recoil spring rod also serves as a latch for the receiver cover. The cocking handle is integral with the bolt frame, located on the right side of the weapon and moves when firing. The AK-74 receiver is stamped from a steel sheet, with a riveted milled insert in the front part. The AK-74 trigger mechanism is hammer-operated and provides single and automatic fire. The selection of fire modes and activation of the fuse is carried out by a long stamped lever on the right side of the receiver. In the upper position - “Fuse” - it closes the slot in the receiver, protecting the mechanism from dirt and dust, blocks the rear movement of the bolt frame, and also locks the trigger. In the middle position, it blocks the sear of a single fire, providing automatic fire. In the lower position, the single-fire sear is released, providing single-shot fire.

AK-74 assault rifle cartridge caliber 5.45 mm. Device. Rate of fire

AK-74 - Kalashnikov assault rifle, caliber 5.45 mm mod. 1974 (GRAU Index - 6P20) - a 5.45 mm caliber assault rifle, developed in 1970 by designer M. T. Kalashnikov and adopted by the USSR armed forces in 1974. It is a further development of the AKM. The development of the AK-74 is associated with the transition to a new low-pulse cartridge 5.45x39 mm. It was first used in the Afghan war, then in all conflicts in the post-Soviet space. Currently, this machine is used by most countries in Eastern Europe, as well as Asia.

Accessory to a machine gun (machine gun)

25. Affiliation

(Fig. 46) is used for disassembling, assembling, cleaning, lubricating the machine gun (machine gun) and quickly loading the magazine with cartridges. Accessories include: cleaning rod, cleaning rod, brush, screwdriver, drift, pencil case, oiler, clips and adapter.

Ramrod

used for cleaning and lubricating the barrel bore, as well as channels and cavities of machine gun parts. It has a head with a hole for a punch and a thread for screwing on a wiper or brush.

Rice. 46. Affiliation:

1 - ramrod; 2 - rubbing; 3 - brush; 4 - screwdriver; 5 — drift; 6 - pencil case; 7 - cover; 8 — oiler; 9 — clip; 10 - adapter

Rubbing

used for cleaning and lubricating the barrel bore, channels and cavities of other parts of the machine gun. It has an internal thread for screwing onto a cleaning rod and a slot for rags or tow.

Ershik

used for cleaning the barrel bore with RFS solution.

Screwdriver and drift

used when disassembling and assembling an assault rifle (machine gun). The cutout at the end of the screwdriver is intended for screwing in and unscrewing the front sight, and the side cutout is for securing the wiper to the cleaning rod. For ease of use, the screwdriver is inserted into the side holes of the pencil case. When cleaning the barrel bore, a screwdriver is placed in the pencil case on top of the ramrod head.

Pencil case

serves for storing cleaning cloths, brushes, screwdrivers and drifts. It closes with a lid.

The pencil case is used as a handle for a screwdriver, when screwing in and unscrewing the front sight and for turning the gas tube closure, and also as a handle for a cleaning rod.

The pencil case has through holes into which a ramrod is inserted when cleaning the machine gun, oval holes for a screwdriver and a rectangular hole for turning the gas tube lock when disassembling and assembling the machine gun.

Single neck oiler

serves to store lubricant; it is carried in the pocket of a shopping bag.

Clip

serves for carrying cartridges and quickly loading the magazine with cartridges. The clip holds 15 rounds. It has two longitudinal grooves and a leaf spring that keeps the cartridges from falling out. In addition, the leaf spring ensures a strong connection between the cage and the adapter.

Adapter

serves to connect the clip to the magazine when equipping it with cartridges. It has: at the bottom (widened part) - two bends that fit into the corresponding grooves on the neck of the magazine; on top there are two longitudinal grooves for the clip, a hole for the clip spring and a stop that limits the advancement of the clip when inserting it into the adapter.

AK-74 - video

The positive experience of using a small-caliber cartridge by the Americans forced the USSR to begin work on developing a similar automatic cartridge. Although there were previously proposals for the development of a small-caliber cartridge. In 1964, a draft of tactical and technical requirements for a new machine gun was drawn up, and in 1967, work began on creating a new machine gun chambered for a low-pulse cartridge. In the early 1970s, development of the 5.45 mm cartridge was completed. The new cartridge gave an increase in the initial speed of the bullet, an increase in flatness, a decrease in the recoil impulse, a reduction in the mass of wearable ammunition (the cartridge weighs 6 grams less than 7.62x39 mm - 10 versus 16.2) by 1.4 kg (with a standard ammunition load of 8 shops).

Under the created cartridge, 10 assault rifles were offered for competitive testing, of which 2 systems reached the final military tests: M. T. Kalashnikov and A. S. Konstantinov (SA-006). As a result, in 1974, the 5.45-mm Kalashnikov assault rifle was adopted by the Soviet Army under the symbol AK-74 (GRAU index - 6P20). The new weapon system included an AK-74/AKS-74 assault rifle and an RPK-74/RPKS-74 light machine gun. A little later, in 1979, the shortened AKS-74U assault rifle was also adopted.

Description

The accuracy of automatic fire has improved almost 2 times compared to the AKM (in linear dimensions). The accuracy of a single fire is approximately 50%.

Firing range is:

— For single ground and air targets — 500 meters; — For ground group targets — 1000 meters.

Direct shot range:

- According to the chest figure - 440 meters; — According to his height, he is 625 meters.

Normal combat requirements for the AK-74:

- all four holes fit into a circle with a diameter of 15 cm at a distance of 100 m. - the average point of impact deviates from the control point by no more than 5 cm in any direction.

Testing of combat is carried out by firing singles at a test target or a black rectangle 35 cm high and 25 cm wide, mounted on a white shield 1 m high and 0.5 m wide. Firing range - 100 m, position - lying down, without a bayonet, cartridges - with an ordinary bullet, scope - 3.

Where the median deviation is half the width of the central scattering band, which contains 50% of all hits. The total deviation includes the deviations of bullets and average impact points. In general, one can note a significant improvement in the accuracy of fire compared to the AKM and especially the AK. As an example, consider the total median deviation at a distance of 800 m (in height and width, respectively):

- AK - 76 and 89 cm. - SKS - 47 and 34 cm. - AKM - 64 and 90 cm. - AK-74 - 48 and 64 cm.

AK-74M with BSA Red Dot red dot sight with bracket

Ammo

Ammo used:

- 7N6 (1974, bullet with a steel core, lead jacket and bimetallic jacket). - 7N10 (1992, bullet with increased penetration, with a heat-strengthened core). Armor penetration - 16 mm from a distance of 100 m. - 7U1 (subsonic bullet for silent shooting). - 7N22 (1998, armor-piercing bullet with a core made of high-carbon steel U12A by cutting with subsequent grinding of the ogival part). Armor penetration - 5 mm from a distance of 250 m (grade 2P), 1.9 times better than 7N6. — 7N24 (increased manufacturing precision, heat-strengthened tungsten carbide core)

A bullet with a steel core of a 5.45 mm cartridge when fired from an AK-74 provides the following penetrating effect:

— Penetration with a probability of 50% of steel sheets with a thickness of: 2 mm at a distance of 950 m; 3 mm at a distance of 670 m; 5 mm at a distance of 350 m.

— Penetration with a probability of 80-90% of a steel helmet at a distance of 800 meters; — Penetration with a probability of 75-100% of body armor at a distance of 550 meters; — Penetration of 50-60 cm into a parapet of dense compacted snow at a distance of 400 meters; — Penetration of 20-25 cm into an earthen barrier made of compacted loamy soil at a distance of 400 meters; — Penetration with a probability of 50% of a wall made of dry pine beams with a cross-section of 20x20 cm at a distance of 650 meters; — Penetration of 10-12 cm into brickwork at a distance of 100 meters.

In 1986, new bullets were developed with a heat-strengthened core of increased hardness, providing a significant increase in penetration: the new bullet pierces a steel helmet at a distance of 960 meters, and body armor with titanium plates at a distance of 200 meters.

Another improvement of the bullet in 1992 again increased armor penetration (the army body armor Zh85-T penetrates at a range of 200 m, and the heavy Zh95-K at a range of 50 m) with a constant initial speed. The new cartridge, which is 1.84 times superior in armor penetration to the 7N6, received the index 7N10. 7N10 provides penetration of 16 mm at a distance of 100 meters.

Russian soldier from the 4th Guards Tank Division with an AK-74M and an RPG-26.

Options

From the very beginning, the machine was produced in four versions:

AK-74 is the main option.

AKS-74 (GRAU Index - 6P21) - a variant of the AK-74 with a metal frame stock folding on the left side. Created for use in airborne troops.

AK-74N is a “night” version of the AK-74 with a side rail for attaching night sights (for example, 1P78).

AKS-74N is a “night” version of the folding AKS-74, with a side rail for attaching night sights (for example, 1P78).

AK-74M (GRAU Index - 6P34) - AK-74 modernized. It is equipped with a polymer stock that folds on the left side and a universal mount (dovetail strap) for attaching sights, both optical and night, on the left side of the receiver. Thus, the AK-74M replaced four models at once: AK-74, AKS-74, AK-74N and AKS-74N.

The handguard and the gas tube receiver lining are made of impact-resistant glass-filled thermoset plastic AG-4V. Metal parts are also protected from corrosion by a special coating. The changes also affected the muzzle brake, which received open chambers, which allows it to be cleaned without removing it.

To reduce the likelihood of mechanical damage to the receiver cover, its fastening was strengthened. A lock has been added to the design of the return spring guide rod, which allows firing from the GP-25 or GP-30 under-barrel grenade launcher without the use of additional fastening of the receiver cover, which is necessary in such cases for the AK-74.

With the new assault rifles it is possible to use the PK-A and PK-01 collimator sights, as well as COBRA and 1P78. In 1991, the AK-74M was put into service and its serial production began at the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant.

AK-74M3 is a modification of the AK-74M, originally created for the Permyachka-M UPC, and later as part of the Ratnik combat equipment. Changes include mounting the receiver cover on a hinge, Picatinny rails on the forend and receiver cover, on which a laser pointer, a collimator sight, and a night sight attachment can be installed. The GP-34 underbarrel grenade launcher is used. It was assumed that data from the machine gun to the helmet’s monocular would be transmitted either via Bluetooth or via wires.

AKS-74 assault rifle

Foreign options

Arsenal AR-M - Bulgarian series.

Kbs wz.96 Beryl - Polish version, created on the basis of Tantalum and chambered for 5.56x45 mm.

Kbk wz. 88 Tantal - Polish version.

ČZ 2000 - Czechoslovak version, which was not adopted for service.

K-3 is an Armenian bullpup assault rifle based on the AK-74.

MPi AK-74N - variant produced in the GDR. The variants MPi-AKS-74N were produced - with a folding stock, MPi-AKS-74NK - with a folding stock and a shortened barrel 317 mm long.

NGM-81 - Hungarian version.

PA md. 1986 - Romanian version. Export designation AIMS-74.

AK-101-105 is an export line of assault rifles with different barrel lengths and chambered for various cartridges, created on the basis of the AK-74M.

Khazri is an assault rifle developed for Azerbaijan by the Izhevsk plant based on the AK-74M. Produced since 2011 under Russian license.

Vepr is a Ukrainian bullpup assault rifle based on the AK-74, development has been frozen.

Automatic machine MPI-KMS-74

Weapons on base

AKS-74U is a shortened assault rifle for police and armored vehicle crews.

AK-107/AK-108 - assault rifles with balanced automatic action, taken from the design of the AEK-971 assault rifle.

RPK-74 is a light machine gun developed on the basis of the AK-74.

AK-74M assault rifle with folded stock

Advantages

High reliability of operation in difficult conditions. Simplicity and low cost in production. In the AK-74M/AK-74M3 variants - support for the installation of modern sighting and tactical devices, which is essentially a way to modernize the machine gun, and support for double-row box magazines similar to the Steyr AUG, made of impact-resistant plastic, with side inserts made of transparent polymer, for visual control amount of ammunition in the store.

Since one of the reasons for the creation of the AK-74 was a change in the caliber of the cartridge used by the machine gun, from 7.62x39 mm to 5.45x39 mm, the weapon has less recoil and, accordingly, greater shooting accuracy and a flatter bullet trajectory.

Flaws

Compared to the M16A2, the AK-74 has a lower firing accuracy with single fire (1.28 times due to the 1.44 times better accuracy of the SS109 cartridges), but is 1.34-1.43 times superior when firing in bursts, but the M16A2 ergonomics are better and reliability has increased significantly. Compared to the American M4A1 carbine, the AK-74 has lower accuracy when firing single fire, but the AK-74 has higher accuracy when firing in bursts.

In comparison with assault rifles with balanced automatics AEK-971, AK-107/AK-108, AK-74 has 1.5-2 times lower accuracy of burst fire from unstable positions.

From a tactical point of view, the AK-74 lacks the quick-change barrel capability of the M16 FN SCAR; as well as a fixed-length burst firing mode, which was later added to the “hundredth series” assault rifles AK101-2, AK102-2, AK103-2, AK104-2, AK105-2.

Unlike Western assault rifles with a refracting receiver, in the AK-74 the removable cover of the receiver (receiver) does not make it possible to place Picatinny rails, so you have to use dovetail brackets, which disturb the centering of the weapon and increase the weight.

The AK-74 does not have the ability to change fire modes with one hand like the M4. It is not possible to change the direction of ejection of the cartridge case like the TAR-21 or change the location of the reload lever like the Beretta ARX-160.

AK-74M assault rifle with night vision sight "1PN93-1 AK-74"

Replacement AK-74

Due to the objective obsolescence of the machine gun and the increased demands of the military in terms of accuracy of fire, a request arose for a new machine gun to replace the AK-74. At the same time, the main struggle took place between the Kovrov A-545 and the Izhevsk AK-12.

As a result, on February 21, 2015, the Ministry of Defense selected the Kalashnikov AK-12 assault rifle as the main machine gun for equipping “Ratnik” military personnel. This choice was due to the lower production cost and lighter weight of the machine compared to the A-545.

To modernize existing AK-74M and AK 100 series assault rifles, a “Kit” kit has been developed, which allows you to install a Picatinny rail, a new flash hider and a stock.

AK-74M with GP-25 grenade launcher

Purpose, arrangement of parts and mechanisms of the machine gun (machine gun)

11. Trunk

(Fig. 27) serves to direct the flight of the bullet. The inside of the barrel has a channel with four rifling, winding from left to right. The rifling serves to impart rotational motion to the bullet. The spaces between the cuts are called margins. The distance between two opposite fields (in diameter) is called the bore caliber; for an assault rifle (machine gun) it is 5.45 mm. In the breech, the channel is smooth and shaped like a cartridge case; this part of the channel serves to accommodate the cartridge and is called the chamber. The transition from the chamber to the rifled part of the bore is called the bullet entrance.

On the outside, the barrel has a front sight base with a thread (for a machine gun there is a thread on the muzzle) for screwing on a muzzle brake-compensator for a machine gun (for a machine gun - a flash suppressor) and bushings for firing blank cartridges, a gas outlet, a gas chamber, a connecting coupling, a sight block and on the breech there is a cutout for the ejector hook. The front sight base, gas chamber and sight block are secured to the barrel using pins.

Rice. 27. Barrel:

a - external view of the machine gun barrel; b - external view of the machine gun barrel; c - sectional view of the breech; g - trunk section;

1 - threaded part; 2 — bullet entrance; 3 — chamber; 4 — base of the front sight; 5 - gas chamber; 6 - coupling;

7 — sight block; 8 — recess for the barrel pin; 9 - thread; 10 — bipod base; 11 - eye ring

The machine gun, in addition, on the front of the barrel has a bipod base for attaching the bipod to the barrel with a hole for a cleaning rod and a ring with an eye to increase the reliability of fastening the cleaning rod.

Muzzle brake compensator

machine gun (Fig. 28) serves to increase the accuracy of combat and reduce recoil energy. It has two chambers: front and rear (with a round hole in them for the bullet to escape). The front chamber has a rim on which the ring of the bayonet-knife is put on when it is attached to the machine gun, a rectangular groove into which the protrusion of the bayonet-knife fits, and two windows for the exit of powder gases. The rear chamber has two slits in front, and in the middle part there are three compensation holes for the exit of powder gases. At the rear, the muzzle brake-compensator has an internal thread for screwing onto the base of the front sight, a recess into which the lock and a circular bevel fit, making it easier to insert and remove the cleaning rod.

Rice. 28. Muzzle brake-compensator and flash suppressor:

a — muzzle brake-compensator; b - flame arrester;

1 - corolla; 2 - windows; 3 - gap; 4 - compensation holes; 5 — recess for the retainer; 6 - bevel; 7 - internal thread

Machine gun flash suppressor

serves to reduce the size of the flame when fired. It has a thread for screwing onto the barrel, five recesses for the lock and five longitudinal slots for the release of gases.

Front sight base

(Fig. 29) has a stop with a recess for a ramrod, a hole for a front sight slide, a front sight safety device and a retainer with a spring. The clamp keeps the muzzle brake-compensator (flash arrester) and the bushing for firing blank cartridges from screwing together.

Rice. 29. Front sight base:

a - machine gun; b - machine gun;

1 — stop with a recess for a cleaning rod; 2 — stop for a bayonet-knife with a hole for a cleaning rod; 3 — skid with front sight; 4 — front sight fuse;

5 — clamp; 6 — thread for screwing on the muzzle brake-compensator (flash arrester)

The machine gun, in addition, on the base of the front sight has a stop for attaching a bayonet-knife with a hole for a ramrod.

Gas chamber

serves to direct powder gases from the barrel to the gas piston of the bolt frame. It has a gas outlet, a pipe with a channel for the gas piston and holes for the exit of powder gases.

Coupling

serves to attach the fore-end to the machine gun (machine gun). It has a fore-end lock, a sling swivel and a hole for a cleaning rod.

The barrel is connected to the receiver by means of a pin and cannot be separated from it.

12.Receiver

(Fig. 30) serves to connect the parts and mechanisms of the machine gun (machine gun), to ensure that the barrel bore is closed by the bolt and the bolt is locked. The trigger mechanism is placed in the receiver. The top of the box is closed with a lid.

The receiver has:

— inside there are cutouts for locking the bolt, the rear walls of which are lugs; bends and guide protrusions for directing the movement of the bolt frame and bolt; reflective protrusion for reflecting cartridges; jumper for fastening the side walls; a protrusion for hooking the magazine and one oval protrusion on the side walls for guiding the magazine;

Rice. 30. Receiver:

1 - cutouts; 2 - reflective protrusion; 3 — bends; 4 — guide protrusion; 5 - jumper; 6 - longitudinal groove; 7 - transverse groove; 8 — magazine latch; 9 — trigger guard; 10 — pistol grip; 11 - butt

- at the top of the back there are grooves: longitudinal - for the heel of the guide rod of the return mechanism and transverse - for the receiver cover; tail with a hole for attaching the butt to the receiver;

— in the side walls there are four holes, three of them for the axes of the trigger mechanism, and the fourth for the Translator’s trunnions; on the right wall there are two fixing recesses for placing the translator on automatic (AB) and single (OD) fire;

- at the bottom there is a window for the magazine and a window for the trigger.

An assault rifle with a folding stock also has holes for the stock retainer and latch (Fig. 33).

For a machine gun with a folding butt, the receiver at the rear has a slot for the left latch with a spring that holds the butt in the folded position; on the right wall there is a cutout for the right latch of the butt and a hole for pressing on the right latch when recessing it; on the left wall there is an eye for attaching the butt and a hole for the front end of the left latch (Fig. 34 and 35).

Attached to the receiver are: a butt with a swivel, a pistol grip and a trigger guard with a magazine latch. For machine guns (machine guns) with night sights, a bar for attaching a night sight is attached to the left side wall.

13. Sighting device

serves for aiming an assault rifle (machine gun) when firing at targets at various ranges. It consists of a sight and a front sight.

Aim

(Fig. 31) consists of a sight block, a leaf spring, an aiming bar and a clamp.

Sight block

has: two sectors for giving the aiming bar a certain height, eyes for attaching the aiming bar, holes for the pin and gas tube lock; inside there is a socket for a leaf spring and a cavity “for the bolt frame”; on the back wall there is a semicircular cutout for the receiver cover. The sight block is placed on the barrel and secured with a pin.

Leaf spring

fits into the socket of the sight block and holds the aiming bar in its given position.

Rice. 31. Sight:

a - machine gun; b - machine gun;

1 — aisle block; 2 - sector; 3 — sighting bar; 4 - clamp; 5 — mane of the sighting bar;

6 — clamp latch; 7 — rear sight screw handwheel; 8 - rear sight

Sighting bar

has a mane with a slot for aiming and cutouts for holding the clamp in the installed position by means of a latch with a spring. On the sighting bar (on the top of the machine gun, on the top and bottom of the machine gun) there is a scale with divisions from 1 to 10; The scale numbers indicate firing ranges in hundreds of meters.

In addition, the machine gun has the letter “P” on the sighting bar - a permanent sight setting, approximately corresponding to sight 4 (firing range 440 m).

On a machine gun, the sighting bar has a socket for the rear sight and risk; On the wall of the rear sight socket there is a scale with ten divisions, each of which corresponds to two thousandths of the firing range.

Rear sight

the machine gun has a mane with a slot for aiming, a screw with a handwheel, a spring, a washer and a pin.

Clamp

placed on the sighting bar and held in position by a latch. The latch has a tooth, which, under the action of a spring, slides into the cutout of the sighting bar.

Front sight

screwed into the skid, which is fixed to the base of the front sight. On the slide and on the base of the front sight there are marks that determine the position of the front sight.

The machine gun (machine gun) is supplied with a device for firing at night and in conditions of limited visibility

(self-luminous attachments). It consists of a folding rear sight with a wide slot, mounted on the mane of the sighting bar, and a wide front sight, placed on top of the front sight of the weapon. Self-luminous dots are applied to the rear sight and front sight of the device.

The new type of device has self-luminous stripes: two horizontally located on the rear sight and one vertically on the front sight.

The device for shooting at night is installed on the machine gun (machine gun) and is verified when it enters the troops and is not separated from it during operation.

The combat of a weapon when shooting with a device remains basically the same as with an open sight. In the event of a significant deviation in height from the average point of impact, it is necessary to secure the weapon in the sighting machine, aim at the target and select the rear sight so that the aiming line with the open sight and the device coincide.

When shooting during the day, the rear sight and front sight of the device fold down. In this position, they do not interfere with the use of the sighting device of the machine gun.

When shooting at night and in conditions of limited visibility, the rear sight of the device is rotated upward until it comes into contact with the mane of the sighting bar, and the front sight of the device is moved up along the spring and put on the front sight.

14. Receiver cover

(Fig. 32) protects parts and mechanisms placed in the receiver from contamination. On the right side it has a stepped cutout for the passage of cartridges thrown out and for the movement of the bolt frame handle; at the back there is a hole for the protrusion of the guide rod of the return mechanism. The cover is held on the receiver using a semicircular cutout on the sight block, a transverse groove in the receiver and a protrusion of the recoil mechanism guide rod.

Rice. 32. Receiver cover:

1 - stepped cutout; 2 - hole; 3 — stiffeners

15. Stock and pistol grip

serve for the convenience of operating a machine gun (machine gun) when shooting.

The permanent stock of the AK74, AK74N assault rifles (Fig. 33) and RPK74, RPK74N machine guns (Fig. 34) has a sling swivel for a belt, a socket for an accessory case and a butt plate with a cover over the socket. In the butt socket there is a spring for pushing out the pencil case. The permanent stock of an assault rifle can be wooden or plastic (for a machine gun it is wooden).

Rice. 33. Butt and pistol grip of the machine gun:

a - permanent (wooden) butt (sectional view); b — folding buttstock in the folded position; c — folding stock in the folded position;

1 — sling swivel; 2 — socket for a pencil case; 3 — butt plate; 4 - cover; 5 - spring for pushing out the accessory case;

6 — butt lock; 7 — butt latch; 8 — top link; 9 — lower link; 10 clip; 11 — tip; 12 - axis; 13 — pistol grip;

14 — strap for attaching a night sight

Rice. 34. Butt and pistol grip of a machine gun:

a - permanent butt (in section); b — folding stock (in folded position);

1 — sling swivel; 2 - socket for accessories; 3 — butt plate; 4 - cover; 5 - spring for pushing out the accessory case;

6 — protrusion of the butt with ears; 7 — receiver eye; 8 — right butt latch with a spring; 9 - back of the left latch

with a notch; 10 — latch spring; 11 — cutout for the right butt latch; 12 — pistol grip

The folding stock of the AK.S74 and AK.S74N assault rifles consists of upper and lower rods, a butt plate, a clip and a tip, connected into one unit by welding. There is a sling swivel on the clip on the right side of the butt. In the folded position the buttstock is held in place by a latch, and in the folded position it is held in place by a latch.

To fold the butt, you need to recess the latch (in this case, the latch will disengage with the tip of the butt) and turn the butt to the left around the axis until the butt is secured with a latch located on the left wall of the receiver.

To fold the butt, you need to move the latch back and turn the butt to the right until it is secured with a latch.

The folding butt of the RPK.S74 and RPKS74N machine guns, in addition to that specified for the permanent butt of the machine gun, has a protrusion for the right latch of the butt, which holds the butt in the folded position, ears for attaching the butt to the receiver, and for the RPKS74N it also has a recess into which a bar for attaching a night sight when folded enters butt.

To fold the butt, you need to push the right latch of the butt with a drift or a cartridge bullet through the hole in the right wall of the receiver (Fig. 35) and turn the butt to the left until it is secured with the left latch in the folded position.

Rice. 35. Folding the butt of a machine gun:

1 - butt; 2 — receiver; 3 — pistol grip; 4 - hole in the receiver wall

To fold the butt, you need to press the rear part of the latch with a notch to the left with your finger and turn the butt to the right until it is secured with the right latch.

16. Bipod

(Fig. 36) serves as a stop when shooting. It has a base, two legs with runners for resting on the ground and protrusions for fixing the legs in the folded position, a spring for spreading the legs, a spring fastener on the left leg for fastening the legs in the folded position. The bipod is not separated from the machine gun.

Rice. 36. Machine gun bipod:

1 — bipod base; 2 - legs; 3 - spring; 4 - protrusion; 5 — skid; 6 — spring fastener

17. Bolt carrier with gas piston

(Fig. 37) serves to activate the bolt and trigger mechanism.

The bolt frame has: inside there is a channel for the return mechanism and a channel for the bolt; at the back there is a safety ledge; on the sides there are grooves for moving the bolt frame along the bends of the receiver; on the right side there is a protrusion for lowering (rotating) the self-timer lever and a handle for reloading the machine gun; at the bottom there is a shaped cutout to accommodate the leading protrusion of the bolt and a groove for the passage of the reflective protrusion of the receiver. A gas piston is mounted in front of the bolt frame.

Rice. 37. Bolt carrier with gas piston:

1 - channel for the shutter; 2 - safety ledge; 3 — protrusion for lowering the self-timer lever; 4 — groove for bending the receiver; 5 — handle; 6 — figured cut; 7 — groove for the reflective protrusion; 8 - gas piston

18. Gate

(Fig. 38) serves to send the cartridge into the chamber, close the barrel bore, break the primer and remove the cartridge case (cartridge) from the chamber. It consists of a frame, a firing pin, an ejector with a spring and an axis, and a pin.

Shutter body

has: on the front cut there is a cylindrical cutout for the bottom of the sleeve and a groove for the ejector; on the sides there are two lugs that, when the bolt is locked, fit into the cutouts of the receiver; on top there is a leading protrusion for turning the shutter when locking and unlocking; on the left side there is a longitudinal groove for the passage of the reflective protrusion of the receiver (the groove at the end is widened to ensure rotation of the bolt when locking); in the thickened part of the bolt frame there are holes for the ejector axis and pins. Inside the bolt frame there is a channel for placing the firing pin.

The striker has a striker and a ledge for a pin.

Rice. 38. Shutter:

a - shutter core; b - drummer; c - ejector;

1 — cutout for the sleeve; 2 — cutout for ejector; 3 - leading protrusion; 4 — hole for the ejector axis; 5 — combat ledge;

6 - longitudinal groove for the reflective protrusion; 7 — ejector spring; 8 — ejector axis; 9 — hairpin

Ejector

with a spring serves to remove the cartridge case from the chamber and hold it until it meets the reflective protrusion of the receiver. The ejector has a hook for gripping the cartridge case, a socket for the spring and a cutout for the axle.

Hairpin

serves to secure the firing pin and the ejector axis.

19. Return mechanism

(Fig. 39) serves to return the bolt frame with the bolt to the forward position. It consists of a return spring, a guide rod, a movable rod and a coupling.

Guide rod

has a stop for the spring at the rear end, a heel with projections for connection with the receiver and a protrusion for holding the receiver cover.

Rice. 39. Return mechanism:

1 - return spring; 2 - guide rod; 3 - movable rod; 4 - coupling

Movable rod

The front end has bends for putting on the coupling.

20. Gas tube with barrel lining

(Fig. 40) consists of a gas tube, front and rear connecting couplings, a barrel lining, a metal half-ring and a leaf spring.

Rice. 40. Gas tube with receiver lining:

1 - gas tube; 2 — guide ribs for the gas piston; 3 - front coupling; 4 — receiver pad;

5 - rear coupling; 6 - protrusion; 7 - leaf spring

The gas tube serves to guide the movement of the gas piston. It has guide ribs. The front end of the gas tube is put on the gas chamber pipe.

The barrel guard serves to protect the hands of the machine gunner (machine gunner) from burns when shooting. It can be wooden or plastic for an assault rifle (for a machine gun it is wooden) and has a groove in which a metal half-ring is fixed, pressing the barrel lining away from the gas tube (this prevents the lining from swaying when the wood dries out).

The barrel lining is mounted on the gas tube by means of front and rear connecting couplings; the rear coupling has a protrusion into which the gas tube contact rests; The leaf spring eliminates the longitudinal rolling of the tube.

21. Trigger mechanism

(Fig. 41) is used to release the trigger from the combat cocking or from the self-timer cocking, striking the firing pin, ensuring automatic or single fire, stopping firing, preventing shots when the bolt is unlocked and putting the safety on the machine gun (machine gun).

Rice. 41. Parts of the trigger mechanism:

a - trigger; b — mainspring; c - trigger; g - sear of a single fire; d — self-timer; e — self-timer spring; g - translator;

z - axes; and - the spring whispered a single fire; k - trigger retarder; l — trigger retarder spring; m - tubular axis;

1 - combat platoon; 2 — self-timer cocking: 3 — bent ends; 4 - loop; 5 - figured protrusion; 6 — rectangular protrusions; 7 - tail;

8 - cutout; 9 - sear; 10 — lever; 11 - latch; 12 — front protrusion; 13 - sector; 14 - axle

The trigger mechanism is placed in the receiver, where it is attached by three interchangeable axes, and consists of a hammer with a mainspring, a hammer retarder with a spring, a trigger, a single fire sear with a spring, a self-timer with a spring, a translator and a tubular axis.

Trigger

with a mainspring used to strike the firing pin. The trigger has a combat cock, a self-timer cock, trunnions and a hole for the axle. The mainspring is put on the trigger pins and acts with its loop on the trigger, and with its ends on the rectangular protrusions of the trigger.

Trigger retarder

serves to slow down the forward movement of the trigger in order to improve the accuracy of the battle when conducting automatic fire from stable positions. It has front and rear lugs, an axle hole, a spring and a latch.

Trigger

serves to keep the hammer cocked and to release the hammer. It has a shaped protrusion, an axle hole, rectangular protrusions and a tail. With its figured protrusion, it holds the trigger cocked.

Single fire sear

serves to hold the trigger in the rearmost position after firing, if the trigger was not released when firing a single fire. It is on the same axis with the trigger. The single-fire sear has a spring, a hole for the axis and a cutout into which the translator sector enters when conducting automatic fire and locks the sear. In addition, the cutout limits the forward rotation of the sector when the translator is put on safety.

Self-timer

serves to automatically release the trigger from cocking the self-timer when firing in bursts, as well as to prevent the trigger from being released when the barrel is open and the bolt is unlocked. It has a sear for holding the trigger on the self-timer, a lever for turning the self-timer with the protrusion of the bolt frame when it approaches the front position, and a spring.

The latest releases of machine guns and machine guns do not have a trigger retarder.

The spring is located on the same axis as the self-timer. Its short end is connected to the self-timer, and its long end runs along the left wall of the receiver and fits into the annular grooves on the axes of the self-timer, hammer and trigger, keeping the axes from falling out.

Translator

serves to set the machine gun (machine gun) to automatic or single fire, as well as to the safety catch. It has a sector with trunnions that fit into the holes in the walls of the receiver. The lower position of the translator corresponds to setting it to single fire (OD), the middle position to automatic fire (AB) and the top position to the safety.

22. Handguard

(Fig. 42) serves for convenience of operation and to protect the hands of the machine gunner (machine gunner) from burns. It can be wooden or plastic for a machine gun (wooden for a machine gun). The forend is attached to the barrel from below using a coupling and to the receiver - through a protrusion that fits into the receiver socket. The body of the forend has a through hole for a cleaning rod. The rear of the forend has cutouts and a recess into which the leaf spring fits. The spring serves to prevent longitudinal pitching of the fore-end. Cutouts on the fore-end and receiver guard form windows for cooling the barrel and gas tube when firing. The plastic forend has a metal screen designed to reduce heating of the forend when firing.

Rice. 42. Forend (wooden):

1 — finger rest; 2 - protrusion; 3 - leaf spring; 4 - hole for cleaning rod

23. Shop

(Fig. 43) is used to place cartridges and feed them into the receiver. It consists of a plastic body, a cover, a locking bar, a spring and a feeder.

The magazine body connects all parts of the magazine; its side walls have bends on top (at the neck) to keep the cartridges from falling out and protrusions that limit the rise of the feeder; there is a hook on the front wall, and a support protrusion on the back wall, through which the magazine is attached to the receiver. On the rear wall of the case at the bottom there is a control hole to determine whether the magazine is fully loaded with cartridges.

The bottom of the case is closed with a lid. The cover has a hole for the protrusion of the locking bar.

Inside the housing there is a feeder and a spring with a locking bar. The feeder is held on the upper end of the spring by an internal bend on the right wall of the feeder; the feeder has a protrusion that provides a staggered arrangement of cartridges in the store. The locking bar is permanently fixed to the lower end of the spring and with its protrusion keeps the magazine cover from moving.

Rice. 43. Store:

1 - body; 2 - cover; 3 — locking strip; 4 - spring; 5 — feeder; 6 - support protrusion; 7 - hook

24. Bayonet knife

(Fig. 44) is attached to a machine gun to defeat the enemy in battle.
It is also used as a knife, saw (for cutting metal) and scissors (for cutting wire). The wires of the lighting network must be cut one at a time, having first removed the belt from the bayonet-knife and the pendant from the sheath. When cutting the wire, make sure that your hands do not touch the metal surface of the bayonet-knife and sheath. Making passages in electrified wire fences using a bayonet-knife is not permitted
.

Rice. 44. Bayonet:

a - blade; b - handle;

1 - cutting edge; 2 - saw; 3 — sharpened edge; 4 - hole; 5 - belt; 6 - ring; 7 — belt hook;

8 — metal tip; 9 - connecting screw; 10 - longitudinal grooves; 11 - latch

A bayonet knife consists of a blade and a handle.

On the blade

there is a cutting edge, a saw, a sharpened edge, which in combination with the sheath is used as scissors, a hole into which the protrusion-axis of the sheath is inserted.

Lever

serves for ease of operation and for connecting the bayonet-knife to the machine gun. There is a belt on the handle for easy handling of the bayonet-knife; in front there is a ring and a protrusion for connecting to the muzzle brake-compensator and a hook for a belt; at the back there is a metal tip with a connecting screw. The tip has longitudinal grooves with which the bayonet-knife is put on the corresponding protrusions on the stop of the front sight base, a latch, a safety ledge and a hole for the belt.

Sheath

(Fig. 45) are used to carry a bayonet-knife on a waist belt. In addition, they are used in conjunction with a bayonet for cutting wire. The scabbard has a suspension with a loop, a protrusion-axis, and a stop to limit the rotation of the bayonet-knife when acting like scissors; Inside the sheath there is a leaf spring with a lock to keep the bayonet-knife from falling out.

Rice. 45. Sheath:

1 — pendant with a loop fastener and a carabiner; 2 - plastic body; 3 — protrusion-axis; 4 — emphasis; 5 — leaf spring clamp

Photo of AK-74

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Comments

0 Garret 03/10/2017 15:01 Good machine gun. I served with this one. Very accurate. And the trajectory of the bullets is flat. Depending on the bullet, it can reach 1200m/s. There is no recoil at all. It feels like you are shooting from a small gun. But in terms of penetration back, it depends on which bullet penetrates better than the 7.62x54 gross rifle cartridge.