40-mm active rounds VOG-25, VOG-25P (USSR)

The history of the creation of the AGS-40 “Balkan” grenade launcher

The Soviet Union can safely be called the birthplace of automatic grenade launchers.
Even before the war, domestic gunsmith designers were the first in the world to begin developing this type of weapon. In 1934, a special design bureau was even created, headed by Yakov Grigorievich Taubin. A year later, a mounted 40.6-mm automatic grenade launcher, which could fire at 1.2 thousand meters, was handed over to the military for testing. The new type of small arms was received ambiguously by the military leadership; it had both opponents and supporters. For the sake of fairness, it should be noted that the Taubin 40.6-mm grenade launcher had serious technical flaws, and the reliability of the weapon was unsatisfactory. Therefore, it was never adopted, and in 1941 Taubin was arrested and executed. The automatic grenade launcher project was closed.

AGS-17 took part in most of the armed conflicts of the last quarter of the last century. The real test for him was the Afghan war. The weapon turned out to be so successful that Soviet soldiers often proactively welded the AGS-17 to the hulls of combat vehicles, thus significantly increasing their firepower.

The practical use of the AGS-17 showed a number of shortcomings of this grenade launcher, the main one of which was the significant weight of this weapon. Therefore, already in the 80s, the Instrument Design Bureau began developing a new automatic grenade launcher, which later received the name AGS-30. Due to objective and subjective reasons, its creation took a long period of time; only in the mid-90s did it begin to enter the troops in limited quantities. The designers coped brilliantly with their main task: while the weight of the AGS-17 with the machine exceeds 30 kg, the AGS-30 weighs only about 16 kg.

Therefore, in the 80s, work began on another project at the Tula TsKIB SOO - a more powerful 40-mm automatic grenade launcher. The main objective of this project was to create a weapon that had a greater firing range and combat effectiveness compared to the AGS-17 grenade launcher in service at that time. At the development stage, the new 40-mm grenade launcher was named TKB-0134 “Kozlik”.

To achieve the stated characteristics, gunsmiths used a non-standard caseless ammunition design for this type of weapon with a so-called flyaway cartridge case (it is integral with the grenade body and, after firing, flies away with it). In their design, these ammunition are very similar to shots for VOG-25 under-barrel grenade launchers, but at the same time they are much more powerful.

The collapse of the USSR and a decade of economic turmoil never made it possible to complete this project. But the developments obtained during its implementation were used in the design of the AGS-40 grenade launcher. Work on its creation began in the mid-90s, but due to the difficult economic situation in the country it was greatly delayed. In 2008 alone, Pribor delivered six copies of the new AGS-40 Balkan and a batch of ammunition to the Russian armed forces for testing.

https://youtube.com/watch?v=uN-8aRi_Mj8

In 2013, the AGS-40 was presented at the IDEX-2013 arms exhibition, which was held in the United Arab Emirates. The new Russian grenade launcher has caused an unprecedented stir.

Chapter III PURPOSE, CONSTRUCTION OF PARTS AND MECHANISMS OF GRENADE LAUNCHER, SHOTS FOR IT AND ACCESSORIES

Chapter III

PURPOSE, CONSTRUCTION OF PARTS AND MECHANISMS OF GRENADE LAUNCHER, SHOTS FOR IT AND ACCESSORIES

PURPOSE AND CONSTRUCTION OF PARTS AND MECHANISMS OF GRENADE LAUNCHER

13. The barrel of the grenade launcher (Fig. 13) serves to direct the flight of the grenade. Inside, the barrel has a rifled and smooth-bore (breech side) part. The rifled part has twelve right-hand rifling and serves to impart a rotational movement to the grenade during flight, which ensures its stability along the trajectory. The barrel caliber (the distance between the fields of the rifled part in diameter) is 40 mm.

Rice. 13.

Sectional view of the barrel with bracket:

1 - compensator; 2 — bracket; 3—clamp clamp; 4 — clamp; 5 - translator; 6 — lock lever; 7 — groove for the barrel lock; 8 — crack protrusion

The smoothbore breech part of the barrel is designed to accommodate the breech; it ends with three lugs for connection with the breech. There is a groove on top of the breech of the barrel into which the locking mechanism fits.

There are two holes in the barrel, one of which contains a latch that holds the grenade in the barrel bore, and the other hole serves to pass the latch lever into the barrel bore, interacting with a locking mechanism that eliminates the possibility of firing from a grenade launcher that is not installed or not fully installed on the barrel. automatically.

On the top of the barrel there are two bosses with dovetail grooves for press connection with the bracket.

14. The bracket (Fig. 14) is intended for attaching the grenade launcher to the machine gun and placing sighting devices.

Rice. 14.

Bracket:

a — left view; b - in section; 1 — clamp clamp; 2 — groove for the safety lever; 3 - distance scale; 4 — sight axis; 5 - cam; 6 — bracket latch

The front and rear supports of the bracket have seats for mounting a grenade launcher on a machine gun.

Inside the bracket in the front part there is a bracket latch, which keeps the grenade launcher from longitudinal displacement relative to the machine gun, and a spring compensator that selects the gap between the gas chamber of the machine gun and the bracket, and in the rear part there is a clamp clamp and a fuse with a spring that blocks the trigger mechanism, if the grenade launcher is not attached to the machine gun.

The bracket has two bosses at the bottom for connection to the barrel.

On the left side, the sight axis is riveted to the bracket, on which the sight body and plumb line are mounted, and a distance scale is applied. The scale divisions are indicated by the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 3, 2, which indicate the firing range in hundreds of meters; each division is divided in half, the intermediate division numbers correspond to firing ranges of 150, 250 and 350 m. The first four digits are used when firing direct fire with a flat trajectory, the last three digits (4, 3 and 2) - when firing with indirect fire and direct fire with a mounted trajectory .

On the right side of the bracket the grenade launcher index is indicated - 6G15. On the axis of the sight there is a cam that acts on the front sight body to introduce corrections for derivation. On the left, in the rear part of the bracket, in a special groove, there is a safety lever, which, when attaching a grenade launcher to a machine gun, moves the spring-loaded safety to the right, and the trigger mechanism is unblocked.

15. Sight (Fig. 5, item 18

) is used to aim the weapon at the target when firing from a grenade launcher. The sight consists of a sight body and a front sight mounted on it, screwed into the sight body, a slide, a folding rear sight, a front sight body spring, a plumb line mounted on the sight axis, and a sight stopper. Riveted to the sight body is a body washer, which secures the body to the bracket in the required position, and a plumb line clamp with a sight position indicator.

A rear sight clamp is riveted to the slide, which also holds the rear sight screw from turning.

Rice. 15.

Rear sight:

a - in a stowed position; b - in combat position

The rear sight (Fig. 15) is installed in the traveling and combat positions. The rear sight screw provides adjustment of the rear sight when bringing the grenade launcher to normal combat.

The plumb line serves to give the grenade launcher the necessary elevation angles when firing with indirect fire (overhead trajectory) at unobservable targets located on reverse slopes of the terrain or in open trenches and trenches. It is installed on the sight axis using a plumb bob bushing and a stopper bushing. The sight spring presses the plumb bob bushing against the closing protrusions of the sight axis and thus secures the sight in assembled form. The sight stopper ensures that the sight is not knocked down at the moment of shooting. The stopper spring holds it in the up position.

When installing the sight, a cam located on the axis of the sight moves the front sight body by the amount of the required correction for deviation.

16. The breech (Fig. 4 and 16) is a high-pressure chamber in which the grenade propellant charge is burned. The breech has a guide belt and lugs that serve to connect the breech to the barrel; at the rear, the breech has two pairs of lugs (upper and lower) with holes for connection to the trigger mechanism body. The breech has a central hole into which the firing pin fits.

Rice. 16.

Breech:

a - general view; b - in section; 1 - breech; 2 — transmitting lever; 3 - contactor; 4 — contactor spring; 5 — holes for the body axis and translator; 6 — single-feather compensator; 7 — double-finned compensator; 8 - extractor; 9 — crack protrusions

Mounted on top of the breech on one axis are: a transmission lever that blocks the trigger when the grenade launcher is not set to automatic; a lock that locks the breech from rotating relative to the barrel; contactor spring interacting with the transmission lever and contactor.

An extractor is installed in the breech hole on the left side, which serves to unload the grenade launcher; the movement of the extractor is limited by a special pin.

On the annular protrusion of the breech, connected to the barrel, two compensators are riveted in the form of leaf springs, selecting the gap between the barrel and the breech along the ribs (one compensator is single-finned, the second is double-finned).

17. The body of the trigger mechanism with a handle (Fig. 17) is connected to the breech and together with it constitutes a part of the grenade launcher, separated from the barrel with a bracket when the grenade launcher is placed in a carrying bag. The housing houses the trigger mechanism.

The handle serves to hold the grenade launcher when firing; it is connected to the body via an elastic lock.

In the front of the body there are two holes for connection to the breech using the body axis and the translator.

Rice. 17.

Trigger housing with handle:

a — general view (section); b — body with handle (section); 1 - breech; 2 - trigger; 3 - traction; 4 — descent; 5 — body with handle; 6 — pusher; 7 — release spring; 8 — mainspring; 9 - oppression; 10 — trigger axis; 11 - drummer; 12 — handle; 13 — liner

The frame of the body covers the forend of the machine gun and protects it from mechanical damage when firing. An elastic insert is glued into the body frame, which serves to prevent hard impacts on the machine gun box when firing from a grenade launcher.

18. The trigger mechanism is used to fire a shot from a grenade launcher. It consists of a trigger with a hammer, a trigger with a pull rod, a trigger spring, a pusher, a mainspring and a bender (Fig. 17, a

The trigger with the striker is used to strike the igniter capsule of the shot. The trigger is installed in a groove in the body on an axis, which is kept from falling out by a head that fits into a radial groove on the body. The firing pin can rotate relative to the hammer, which ensures that it fits into the central hole of the breech during assembly. The pull trigger is designed to cock the hammer. The trigger spring serves to return the trigger to its original (front) position and, in addition, acts through the pusher on the rod, keeping it engaged with the cocking of the hammer.

In the lower part of the body, in a cylindrical socket, there is a mainspring, which, through a bend, transmits forces to the trigger with a firing pin. There are two protrusions on the bend: the upper protrusion serves to transmit the forces of the mainspring when cocking the hammer, the lower protrusion serves to release the hammer.

19. Translator (Fig. 1 item 6

) when placed in the PR position (the lever is in a vertical position), it blocks the trigger, protecting the loaded grenade launcher from an accidental shot. Before firing a shot, the translator is placed in the OG position (lever in a horizontal position), thereby releasing the trigger.

20. The return spring guide rod with a latch is installed on the machine gun instead of the standard guide rod to prevent spontaneous detachment of the receiver cover from the machine gun during firing. A spring-loaded latch slides over the edge of the hole in the receiver cover and keeps the cover from possible longitudinal inertial movement back when firing.

The replacement of the standard guide rod of the return spring on the machine with the guide rod included in the grenade launcher kit is carried out when the grenade launcher is received by the unit for the entire life of the grenade launcher. The standard return spring guide rod must be returned to the warehouse after replacement.

Rice. 18.

Butt pad with belt

21. The butt pad (Fig. 18) serves to soften the recoil force when firing from a grenade launcher with the butt of the machine gun resting on the shoulder of the shooter and to prevent deformation of the butt of the machine gun when firing with the butt resting on hard ground.

On the wooden butt of an AKM or AK74 assault rifle, the butt plate with a belt is installed in such a way that the butt plate of the machine gun fits into the butt plate socket until it stops, and the belt is fastened to the swivel of the butt of the machine gun.

The butt plate is installed on the metal AKMS stock with external grooves and secured with a belt covering the shoulder rest of the stock. On the AKS74, the butt plate is installed in the same way as on the AK74, and is fastened with a belt to the butt of the machine gun.

VOG-25 SHOT DEVICE

22. The VOG-25 shot is unitary in design (Fig. 19). It consists of a grenade with a fuse screwed into the head of the body and a propellant charge into the bottom. A fairing is installed on the grenade body.

Rice. 19.

40-mm shot VOG-25:

a - general appearance and markings; b - section; 1 - fuse; 2 — fairing; 3 - gaskets; 4 — cardboard mesh; 5 — grenade body; 6 — explosive explosive charge; 7 — bottom of the grenade; 8 — powder propellant charge

Grenade (Fig. 19, b

) consists of a body, a bottom, a bursting charge, a mesh and gaskets.

The body of the grenade has a cylindrical shape, is made of steel and is designed to mount all parts of the shot, impart translational and rotational motion to the grenade in the barrel bore and produce fragments when the grenade explodes. On both sides of the body there is an internal thread for installing the fuse and the bottom. Design options are possible where the bottom is connected to the body by a press fit.

The bottom serves to attach the propellant charge and fix the grenade in the grenade launcher barrel after loading.

A cylindrical explosive explosive charge is designed to break the body into fragments and give them a certain dispersion speed.

Rice. 20.

Powder propellant charge:

1 — igniter primer; 2 - sleeve; 3 - ring; 4 - cover; 5 - powder charge

The explosive charge is pressed into the grenade body with gaskets.

The mesh is made of cardboard, it is designed to obtain an organized crushing of the body into fragments.

The fairing is mounted on the grenade body and serves to reduce the influence of air resistance.

The powder propellant charge (Fig. 20) is designed to impart initial speed to the grenade. It consists of a cartridge case in which a powder charge and an igniter primer are placed. The powder charge is closed with a ring and a lid made of aluminum foil.

23. The VMG-K fuse (Fig. 21) is designed to detonate the explosive charge of a grenade. Head fuse, instantaneous and inertial action, semi-safety type, with pyrotechnic long-range arming and self-destruction. The fuse is safe in service handling, during transportation, shooting and in flight before arming, when dropped from a height of up to 3 m on any base in any position. It consists of impact and ignition mechanisms, a long-range cocking safety mechanism, and a self-destruction mechanism.

Rice. 21.

VMG-K fuze:

1 - cover; 2 - gasket; 3, 19, 21, 22, 26, 27, 29, 36 — caps; 4 - plate; 5, 39 - sting; 6, 25, 31, 35, 38 — springs; 7 — liner; 8 - nut; 9, 15, 32 — detonator caps; 10 - damper; 11, 17 — bushings; 12 — body; 13 — powder composition; 14 - gasket; 16 - nut; 18 — powder composition; 20 — spring; 23 — gasket; 24 - stopper; 28 - screw; 30 — spring ring; 33 — transfer powder composition; 34 - pin; 37 — igniter primer; 40 - igniter composition

The impact mechanism is designed to transmit the reaction force of the obstacle, to ensure the activation of the fuse fire chain. It consists of a cover 1

, a screw
28
, a cap
3
, two plates
4
resting on a tip
5
, pressed by a spring
6
, and a cap
27
, assembled in an insert
7
.

The ignition mechanism, which ensures the launch of the long-range cocking safety mechanism, consists of an igniter primer 37

, springs
38
, tip
39
, secured by punching in sleeve
11
.

The long-range cocking safety mechanism, which ensures the safety of the fuse in handling, consists of a bushing 17

with pressed powder composition
18
, cap
19
, spring
20
, caps
2, 22
, gasket
23
, stopper
24
, holding the valve
10
with spring
25
from moving to the side position.
The damper contains a highly sensitive detonator cap 9
of the pin type.

The safety-centrifugal mechanism, which keeps the valve from moving into the firing position, consists of a pin 34

, springs
35
and cap
36
, placed in sleeve
11
.

The self-destruction mechanism, designed to eliminate the grenade in case of failure when meeting an obstacle, consists of a bushing 11

13
, an ignition composition
40
pressed into it along an annular path, and a detonator capsule
32
, secured by punching in the sleeve
11
.

The fuse mechanisms are located in the housing 12

on gasket
14
and pressed through cap
26
with nut
8
with gasket
2
.
In the rear part of the housing there is a detonator capsule 15
, secured with a nut
16
.

CAPING AND MARKING OF SHOTS

24. VOG-25 rounds are sealed in wooden boxes (Fig. 22). Three sealed welded metal boxes of 28 shots each are placed in the box; shots in boxes are placed in cylindrical paper cartridges in a horizontal position with alternating directions[2]. The density of the shots is ensured by cardboard spacers. In total, the box holds 84 shots.

One of the three boxes is tied with twine for easy removal from the box. Inside each box there are liners to ensure the safety of the shots during transportation and opening the boxes with a knife.

A box opener wrapped in paper is placed in a box. A lid is attached to the body of the box on two hinges, which is closed with two locks. In addition, the box has two wooden handles for carrying.

Rice. 22.

Capping VOG-25 rounds:

a - metal box; b - wooden box (top - front wall, bottom - lid)

25. There is a marking on the shot fairing (Fig. 19): the shot index is indicated at the top (7П17), below are three numbers separated from each other by dashes: the first number is the assembly plant code, the second is the batch number of the shots, the third is the year of their manufacture.

The VMG-K fuse has a marking on the cover indicating: fuse brand (VMG-K), manufacturer number, batch number and year of manufacture.

On the lid of the metal box are marked (Fig. 22): the grenade launcher index (6G15), the shot index (7P17), the assembly plant code, the batch number of the shots and the year of their manufacture, the number of shots (28 pcs.).

On the front wall of the box are marked (Fig. 22):

- on the left side, closer to the middle, is the shot index (7P17), assembly plant code, batch number of shots and year of their manufacture, number of shots (84 pcs.);

- on the right side, closer to the middle, is the grenade launcher index (6G15) and the number of shots in the box (84 pcs.);

- on the right side, below, is the mass of the box with shots.

On the lid of the box there is an equilateral triangle, in the middle of which the numbers indicate the category of cargo in accordance with the current transportation rules, and the silhouette of a knife (if the knife is placed in this box).

26. To open a box with shots you need:

- remove the bus bar from the box using a tool that does not damage the box;

— remove the locking forks, open the locks and the box lid;

- from the opened box, first remove the box tied with twine, the transverse partitions, and then the remaining boxes.

After removing the boxes from the box, they must be inspected; if the box turns out to be deformed, then all the shots in this box must be checked for damage. Open boxes only with a special knife located in the box. Using a knife, cut three sides of the box lid and then bend the lid upwards.

OWNERSHIP

27. For disassembling and assembling, cleaning and lubricating the grenade launcher during maintenance, use the machine gun accessory and the banner (Fig. 23.), which is included in the grenade launcher kit and is used in conjunction with the machine gun cleaning rod. It has threaded socket markings corresponding to AKM or AK74.

Rice. 23.

Bannik screwed onto the ramrod of the machine gun

In addition, for every twenty grenade launchers, a ZIP-G group kit is provided for maintenance and repair.

Each grenade launcher includes a bag for the grenade launcher (Fig. 24, a

) and a bag for shots (Fig. 24,
b
). The bag for a grenade launcher is designed for a machine gunner to carry a grenade launcher and butt plate in the stowed position; it also carries the grenade launcher banner. The grenade launcher bag is worn on the waist belt on the left after the bayonet. The VOG-25 shot bag is designed for a machine gunner to carry a set of ten shots. It is made in the form of fabric clips with sockets for shots. Each socket is closed with a valve. The bag is equipped with shoulder and fastening straps, adjustable in length. The shoulder strap has a fabric pad for easy carrying of the bag.

Rice.
24. Bags for the grenade launcher and for shots

SHOT GRENADE LAUNCHER VOG-17

Underbarrel grenade launcher
Weapons and Armament > Infantry weapons > Ammunition > VOG-17 grenade launcher shot

There are three modifications of grenade launcher rounds. The original, now obsolete, VOG-17 with an instantaneous fuse. The subsequent modification - VOG-17M with a VMG-M instantaneous fuse - differs from the previous one in that the fuse is equipped with a self-destruct device. The self-destruct mechanism is activated when fired; its pyrotechnic retarder is designed for 25 seconds. The self-destructor does not depend on the fuse target sensor and neutralizes the grenade if the main fuse does not go off for any reason within a given time.

The body of the VOG-17 and VOG-17M grenades is thin-walled steel; a spiral of cut rectangular wire is inserted inside the body; a fragmentation jacket with semi-finished fragments is inserted. VOG-30 is a newly developed, improved type that has a more powerful fragmentation effect due to the use of a new method of manufacturing the body using the method of volumetric cold deformation with the formation of semi-finished fragments on its inner surface. In addition, the VOG-30 uses autonomous sealing of the propellant charge in the cartridge case. There is no fragmentation jacket as a separate part in the VOG-30. Fuses of all types of grenades are cocked at a distance of 10-60 meters from the muzzle of the grenade launcher, which provides additional safety when firing. The bodies of the VOG-17 and VOG-17M grenades are chemically blackened.

In addition to combat fragmentation rounds, there is also ammunition for auxiliary purposes. To teach how to operate a weapon, training shots that do not have any equipment are used. The grenade with the cartridge case in them is additionally fastened with an axial screw to prevent dismantling of the cartridge as a result of repeated manipulations during official handling. A blank bushing is screwed into the end of the grenade, repeating the shape and dimensions of the fuse. For training shooting, practical shots are used, designated VUS-17. They differ from combat ones only in that instead of an explosive charge, grenades are equipped with a pyrotechnic composition of orange smoke, indicating the location of the grenade's impact. The grenade does not have a fragmentation jacket, and the walls of the grenade body are thickened. To distinguish practical grenades from combat grenades, in addition to the inscription VUS-17 (instead of VOG-17M) and the absence of the BB index, a red ring stripe is also applied to the VUS-17 housings. VUS-17 grenades come in two types - with two symmetrical holes on the body between the centering bulges, and without holes. The holes facilitate the escape of smoke and, in addition, can serve as an additional distinctive feature of a practical shot.

MODIFICATIONS

VOG-17. Basic modification with an instantaneous fuse.

VOG-17M. The fuse is equipped with a self-destruct device (the moderator is designed for 25 seconds).

VOG-30. An improved type that has a more powerful fragmentation effect, as well as autonomous sealing of the propellant charge in the cartridge case.

VUS-17. Practice shot. Instead of an explosive charge, the grenades are equipped with a pyrotechnic composition of orange smoke, indicating the location of the grenade's impact.

CHARACTERISTIC

TTX VOG-17
Caliber, mm	30
Beginning grenade speed, m/s	185
Shot weight, g	350
Grenade weight, g	280
Explosive weight, g	36
Shot length, mm	132
Sleeve length, mm	28
Grenade length, mm	113
Sleeve flange diameter, mm	31,9
Protrusion flange diameter, mm	32,6
Damage area, sq. m	70
Maximum gas pressure, MPa	123

40-mm active rounds VOG-25, VOG-25P (USSR)

40-mm active shots VOG-25, VOG-25P (bouncing) with a fragmentation grenade are designed to destroy enemy personnel located in open areas, reverse slopes, in trenches, trenches at ranges of up to 400 m. The design feature of the shot is a two-chamber ballistic engine (DBK) and organized fragmentation. Firing is carried out from 40-mm under-barrel grenade launchers GP-25, GP-30, installed on all modifications of the Kalashnikov assault rifle (except for the shortened AKS-74U). Loading is done by inserting a shot into the barrel from the muzzle until the latch clicks. For practice shooting and testing the combat of grenade launchers, VOG-25in rounds with an inert grenade (filled with a smoke-forming or inert substance instead of BB) and a mock-up fuse are used. The 40-mm VOG-25 shot consists of the following main parts: - OG-25 fragmentation grenade; — propellant charge 4A-33; — instantaneous fuse of the head VMG-K.

The OG-25 fragmentation grenade has: - a steel body with a fairing; — explosive charge — round block BB brand A-IX-I; - cardboard insert - mesh; - bottom with flange and tray.

The grenade body is made with internal threads on both sides for attaching the fuse and the bottom and has 12 ready-made lugs for barrel rifling, 8 transverse grooves to facilitate fragmentation. The fairing, which completely covers the fuse, is attached to the body by rolling. The cardboard mesh insert ensures organized crushing of the body into lethal fragments (up to 200 lethal fragments), due to the difference in the speed of propagation of the explosive transformation in different environments. The bottom has a flange for fixing the grenade in the barrel and a tray with internal threads for screwing in the propellant cartridge case. The bottom can be attached to the body with an interference fit and fixed with a 4-sided core.

The propellant charge (code 4A-33) has: - a sleeve with an external thread, which is the combustion chamber of the charge; — a charge of pyroxylin porous powder brand P-200 weighing 0.71 g; - KVM-3 igniter primer.

The sleeve has a primer socket and 10 holes located around it, closed from the inside with an aluminum foil lid for tightness. VMG-K (P) fuse - head, instantaneous impact, with three safety stages (inertial, centrifugal, long-range cocking 10-40 m) and self-destruction time - 14-19 s, designed to explode a grenade when it encounters an obstacle or self-destruct . The fuse has an aluminum body with a bushing and a nut with a liner, which contains: - an ignition mechanism; — long-range cocking mechanism; — impact mechanism of instantaneous and inertial action; — self-destruction mechanism; — detonator cap A30-T.

The ignition mechanism ensures the launch of long-range cocking and self-destruction mechanisms. It is assembled in the side channel of the housing bushing and has: an igniter primer and a tip with a spring in the cap. The long-range cocking mechanism ensures the safety of the fuse during service use and after firing at a range of 10-40 m. It has: - a damper with a spring and a captive detonator cap KD-N-10 (for VMG-P - an igniter primer) in the transverse groove of the sleeve housings; — a damper stopper located in the side vertical channel of the bushing, with a spring and a cap into which the PK-5 powder composition is pressed; — a pin (radial stopper of the damper) with a spring in the cap.

The impact mechanism is designed to transmit the reaction force of the obstacle and trigger the fire chain. The mechanism is assembled in a nut and has: - a cover on which a cap with a conical spring is secured from below with a screw; — spring split ring; — housing liner with a sting and a spring in the central channel; - two radial narrow plates located horizontally between the cap and the tip.

The self-destruct mechanism is designed to explode a grenade if for some reason the impact mechanism does not work. It has: - MMS-2 powder composition in the semi-circular groove of the bottom of the body sleeve; — beam detonator B-37 in the side vertical channel of the housing sleeve with a transfer powder composition VN. In total, the VMG-K fuse has six springs, one pin-type detonator cap and two beam ones, and one igniter cap. The VMG-P fuse is designed similarly to the VMG-K fuse, but is placed in a metal cup and instead of the A30-T detonator capsule, which is moved to the bottom of the cup, it has a tray with an expelling powder charge (1.2 g). The A30-T detonator capsule is supplemented with a powder moderator. The VMG-P canister is connected to the grenade body without a fairing, which is the external difference between the VOG-25P round and the VOG-25 round.

Effect of a VOG-25 (P) shot When the firing pin hits the igniter capsule of the propellant charge, a beam of fire ignites the powder charge. The powder gases formed as a result of the combustion of the charge in the cartridge case (first chamber), breaking through the foil, enter the chamber of the breech of the barrel (second chamber) and eject the grenade at a speed of 76 m/s. Such a propellant charge device is called a two-chamber ballistic engine (“flying case”). When it encounters an obstacle, the fuse is triggered, causing a grenade explosion with a radius of continuous destruction by fragments of up to 6 m.

Action of the VMG-K fuse In service use, the spring ring is located under the cover, which is adjacent to the nut under the action of a conical spring. The flap is moved to the side and held in place by a stopper and a pin. When fired, from a sharp push, the cap, compressing the conical spring, settles with a spring ring, which, expanding, takes up space between the cap and the cap. After the inertial forces cease, the conical spring, straightening, lifts the cover, due to which a gap is formed between the cover and the nut - the inertial fuse is turned off (removed - 1st stage). At the same time, under the influence of inertial forces, the primer of the ignition mechanism, settling, is impaled on the sting. The fire beam ignites the powder composition in the semi-circular groove and the powder composition of the valve stopper on the other side. When a rotating grenade leaves the barrel, the radial pin moves under the influence of centrifugal force and releases the shutter, turning off the centrifugal fuse (2nd stage removed). In flight, at a distance of 10-40 m, the combustion of the long-range cocking powder composition ends and the stopper releases the damper, which, under the action of its spring, moves and installs the detonator capsule under the sting (the 3rd stage is removed) - the fuse is ready to explode.

When hitting an obstacle, the cap, through the spring ring, the ribs of the cap and the plate, transmits a force to the sting, which pierces the detonator cap of the damper, causing the LZO-T detonator cap and the main explosive charge to fire. If the cover does not move when it encounters an obstacle, then the inertial movement of the nut liner towards the cover causes a similar sequence of activation of the fire chain. If for some reason the impact mechanism does not work, then after 14-19 seconds the powder composition of the self-liquidator finishes burning and the beam of fire through the transmission composition causes an explosion of the detonator capsule.

Action of the VMG-P fuse Unlike the VMG-K, when it hits an obstacle, the sting pierces the igniter primer, which triggers the expelling charge, throwing the grenade to a height of 0.5-1.5 m, after which a beam of fire from the powder moderator causes the primer to explode -detonator A30-T and main explosive charge.

Characteristics 40 mm active type shots VOG-25 Caliber 40 mm Weapon type GP-25, GP-30, GP-34, RG-6 Initial speed of the grenade 76 m/s Grenade weight 250 g Explosive weight 48 g Charge length 103 mm Time self-destruction of the grenade for at least 14 s

Modifications

VOG-25IN

RPG-7 hand-held anti-tank grenade launcher: performance characteristics and combat use

GRAU index - 7P17I

. A practical shot with a grenade in inert ammunition, used for training and shooting training, as well as bringing the GP-25 to normal combat and combat testing.

VUS-25

(index 7P44U) - training grenade, used for training and education.

VOG-25P

GRAU index - 7P24

, code "Foundling". A shot with a “bouncing” fragmentation grenade, equipped with a VGM-P

with an expelling charge and a pyrotechnic moderator. Adopted into service in 1979.

When it hits an obstacle, the shot jumps and explodes in the air at a height of about 1.5 meters. In comparison with the VOG-25, “bouncing” ammunition makes it possible to more effectively hit an enemy lying down and in a trench or trench.

Description:

Caliber 40 mm
Initial speed 76 m/s
Weight 275 g
Explosive weight 42 g
Length 125 mm
Cocking distance 10 - 40 m
Self-destruction time not less than 14 s
Average gap height 75 cm

"Nail"

40mm shot "Nail"

with a gas grenade - designed to create a gas cloud with an intolerable-permissible concentration of irritant (irritant) CS. It is in service with the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.

40-mm shot with smoke grenade VDG-40 “Nagar”

- used to set up a smoke screen.

VOG-25M

A modernized version of the VOG-25 round with a fragmentation grenade, partially unified with the VOG-25PM. Developed in the early 2000s.

VOG-25PM

A modernized version of the VOG-25P round with a “bouncing” fragmentation grenade, partially unified with the VOG-25M. Developed in the early 2000s.

ASZ-40

40-mm acoustic shot ASZ-40 “Svirel”

. A non-lethal light-sound grenade serves to temporarily suppress the psycho-volitional stability of enemy personnel. It is in service with the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.

Currently, there is a tendency to further expand the types of ammunition. Thus, at the international arms exhibition “Defendory-2006” new types of grenades were presented:

VG-40MD
- shot with a smoke grenade
VGS-40-1
- shot with a signal grenade (red light)
VGS-40-2
- shot with a signal grenade (green light)
VG-40I
- shot with a lighting grenade

However, there is no information that these ammunition have been adopted for service or are in mass production.

40 mm VOG-25

VOG-25 grenade launcher shots.
At the beginning of the war in Afghanistan, the Soviet army faced the same problems that American troops faced in Vietnam. Soviet soldiers urgently needed new types of weapons. The GP-25 under-barrel grenade launcher, adopted for service in 1984, significantly increased the firepower of the average infantryman.

Unlike the M203, the Soviet grenade launcher is muzzle-loading. Loading the GP-25 or GP-30 grenade launcher is much easier and faster than the XM148 or M203. For firing from a grenade launcher, VOG-25 rounds with a fragmentation grenade equipped with an instantaneous head fuse with a self-destructor were first used; later the range of shots was significantly expanded.

When fired from a grenade launcher, the impact of the firing pin on the igniter primer ignites the propellant charge. In the initial period, combustion of the propellant charge occurs in a closed volume of the cartridge case. Subsequently, under the pressure of the powder gases, the foil glued to the bottom of the cartridge case breaks through, and the powder gases enter the breech chamber of the grenade launcher. At the same time, under the influence of powder gases, the translational and rotational movement of the grenade begins. As soon as the grenade begins to move, the fuse begins to arm. Arming of the fuse ends after the grenade leaves the barrel at a distance of 10 to 40 m from the muzzle of the barrel. When it encounters an obstacle, a fuse is triggered, the detonating unit of which detonates the explosive charge placed in the grenade body.

If the fuse fails to act on the reaction-inertia mechanism when it encounters an obstacle, the grenade is detonated by the self-destruction mechanism of the fuse. The self-destruction time of the fuse is at least 14 seconds.

Today the following shots are produced:

— VOG-25 — standard high-explosive grenade;

- VOG-25IN - practical shot in inert ammunition; intended for training and education;

— VOG-25P “Foundling” — bouncing high-explosive grenade;

— “Nail” — a grenade filled with CS gas; used by units of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs;

— VDG-40 “Nagar” — smoke grenade;

— VOG-25M — modernized high-explosive grenade;

— VOG-25PM — modernized bouncing grenade;

— ASZ-40 “Svirel” — light and sound grenade; used by units of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs;

— GDM-40 — modernized smoke grenade;

— VGS-40-1 — red light signal shot;

— VGS-40-2 — signal shot of green fire;

— VG-40I — illumination grenade.

Comparison with the American counterpart

During the year, comparative tests of the GP-25 grenade launcher with the VOG-25 round and the 40-mm M-203 under-barrel grenade launcher mounted on the M16A1 rifle with the M-406 round were carried out. Tests have shown a significant advantage of the domestic grenade launcher and its shot over a similar system produced in the USA. The VOG-25 and M-406 shots were compared by firing at an area where a target environment was located, simulating openly located manpower (lying growth targets). During these tests, it was revealed that the frequency of hitting targets on the tactical field from the explosion of a VOG-25 round grenade is 3-4 times higher than from the explosion of an M-406 fragmentation grenade. .

Story

The VOG-17 round was developed at the Basalt research and production association in the late 1960s as ammunition for the AGS-17 automatic grenade launcher. Mechanical fuses for VOG-17, VOG-30 rounds and modifications were developed by the Scientific Research Technological Institute in Balashikha.

A unique surgical operation to remove a fragmentation grenade of this type (which entered the soldier’s chest and was cocked, but did not explode) was successfully carried out by a graduate of the Barnaul Medical Institute, captain of the medical service A. M. Melnikov.

Modifications

VOG-25IN

GRAU index - 7P17I

. A practical shot with a grenade in inert ammunition, used for training and shooting training, as well as bringing the GP-25 to normal combat and combat testing.

VUS-25

(index 7P44U) - training grenade, used for training and education.

VOG-25P

GRAU index - 7P24

, code "Foundling". A shot with a “bouncing” fragmentation grenade, equipped with a VGM-P

with an expelling charge and a pyrotechnic moderator. Adopted into service in 1979.

Description:

Caliber 40 mm
Initial speed 76 m/s
Weight 275 g
Explosive weight 42 g
Length 125 mm
Cocking distance 10 - 40 m
Self-destruction time not less than 14 s
Average gap height 75 cm

"Nail"

40mm shot "Nail"

40-mm shot with smoke grenade VDG-40 “Nagar”

- used to set up a smoke screen.

VOG-25M

A modernized version of the VOG-25 round with a fragmentation grenade, partially unified with the VOG-25PM. Developed in the early 2000s.

VOG-25PM

A modernized version of the VOG-25P round with a “bouncing” fragmentation grenade, partially unified with the VOG-25M. Developed in the early 2000s.

ASZ-40

40-mm acoustic shot ASZ-40 “Svirel”

. A non-lethal light-sound grenade serves to temporarily suppress the psycho-volitional stability of enemy personnel. It is in service with the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.

Currently, there is a tendency to further expand the types of ammunition. Thus, at the international arms exhibition “Defendory-2006” new types of grenades were presented:

VG-40MD
- shot with a smoke grenade
VGS-40-1
- shot with a signal grenade (red light)
VGS-40-2
- shot with a signal grenade (green light)
VG-40I
- shot with a lighting grenade

However, there is no information that these ammunition have been adopted for service or are in mass production.

Combat and service weapons

The GP-25 underbarrel grenade launcher was adopted by the Soviet Army in 1978. For firing from a grenade launcher, the VOG-25 shot and its jumping modification VOG-25P are used. Both shots are equipped with a fragmentation grenade. Later, starting in the late 1990s, various non-lethal shots with light-sound, smoke and illumination grenades were developed for shooting using the GP-25 grenade launcher mortar. A common feature of the entire family of VOG 25 shots and other shots designed for shooting using the GP-25 grenade launcher mortar is that when fired, the cartridge case of the propellant powder charge flies through the barrel along with the grenade. This design feature of the shots for the GP-25 grenade launcher made it possible to abandon the mechanism for ejecting the spent cartridge case, which had a positive effect on the overall weight of the grenade launcher and its rate of fire.

The review includes the following shots:

VOG - 25, VOG - 25P

with a fragmentation grenade

VOG-25I

- inert for target practice.

Shot "Nail"

- equipped with a gas grenade with irritant CS tear gas

Shot VG-40MD

— equipped with a smoke grenade, developed by the Research Institute of Applied Chemistry.

Shot VG-40SZ

— equipped with a flash-and-sound grenade, developed by the Research Institute of Applied Chemistry.

Shot VG-40OP

— equipped with a flare grenade on a parachute, developed by the Research Institute of Applied Chemistry.

Shot GDM-40

- for instant installation of a smoke screen, developed by the Research Institute of Applied Chemistry.

VKE-40 shot

— elemental cassette shot, with irritating gas and flash-and-sound grenades

Shot ASZ-40 Svirel

— shot with an acoustic flash-and-sound grenade

AK-74M assault rifle with GP-25 grenade launcher

VOG-25 and VOG-25P rounds

The VOG-25 and VOG-25P rounds consist of a body, inside of which a fragmentation grenade is placed. A propellant powder charge is screwed into the bottom of the body. In the forward part of the hull, the VOG-25 has a VMG-K fuse, which is triggered when it hits an obstacle; the VOG-25P has a VMG-P fuse in the head part, which, when it hits an obstacle, shoots the grenade upward by 1.5 with its expelling powder charge meters and after that the grenade is detonated, which increases the effectiveness of destruction by fragments. Both fuses have a self-liquidator, which goes off 14-19 seconds after the grenade is fired.

Tactical and technical characteristics of VOG-25 and VOG-25P:

VOG - 25	VOG - 25P
Length, mm	102	122
Shot weight, gr.	255	278
Mass of explosive charge, gr.	48	37
Shrapnel affected area, meters	6	6
Initial flight speed, m/s	76,5	75
Maximum flight range, m.	400	400
Fuse cocking range, m.	10-40	10-40

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The shot is designed to create a cloud with an intolerable concentration of the irritating gas CS. The charge body is plastic, with a safety tip. A propellant charge is screwed into the bottom of the body.

Tactical and technical characteristics of the “Nail” shot:

Shot weight, gr.	140
Type of irritant	C.S.
Volume of gas cloud created, m3	200
Time of active gas evolution, s	12
Deceleration time, s	4

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A round with the VG-40MD multifunctional smoke grenade is designed to create smoke screens and fires in open areas, in rooms and structures, simultaneously providing shelter for personnel from targeted enemy fire and creating up to 15 fires from flammable materials.

Tactical and technical characteristics of the VG-40MD shot:

Shot weight, gr.	255
Shot length, mm	122
Smoke charge mass, g	120
Smoke screen section by height, meters	2
Section of the smoke screen along the front, meters	5
Smoke grenade firing range, meters	50-400

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Shot device VOG - 25

22. Shot VOG-25

unitary in structure (Fig. 19). It consists of a grenade with a fuse screwed into the head of the body and a propellant charge into the bottom. A fairing is installed on the grenade body.

Rice. 19. 40-mm shot VOG-25:

a – general appearance and markings; b – section; 1 – fuse; 2 – fairing; 3 – gaskets;

4 – cardboard mesh; 5 – grenade body; 6 – explosive explosive charge; 7 – bottom of the grenade; 8 – powder propellant charge

The grenade (Fig. 19, b) consists of a body, a bottom, a bursting charge, a mesh and gaskets.

The bottom serves to attach the propellant charge and fix the grenade in the grenade launcher barrel after loading.

A cylindrical explosive explosive charge is designed to break the body into fragments and give them a certain dispersion speed. The explosive charge is pressed into the grenade body with gaskets.

Rice. 20. Powder propellant charge:

1 – igniter primer; 2 – sleeve, 3 – ring, 4 – cover, 5 – powder charge

The mesh is made of cardboard, it is designed to obtain an organized crushing of the body into fragments.

The fairing is mounted on the grenade body and serves to reduce the influence of air resistance.

23. VMG-K fuze

(Fig. 21) is designed to detonate the explosive charge of a grenade. Head fuse, instantaneous and inertial impact, semi-safety type, with pyrotechnic long-range arming and self-destruction. The fuse is safe in service handling, during transportation, shooting and in flight before arming, when dropped from a height of up to 3 m on any base in any position. It consists of impact and ignition mechanisms, a long-range cocking safety mechanism, and a self-destruction mechanism.

The impact mechanism is designed to transmit the reaction force of the obstacle, to ensure the activation of the fuse fire chain. It consists of a cover 1, a screw 28, a cap 3, two plates 4 resting on a tip 5, pressed by a spring 6, and a cap 27, assembled in an insert 7.

The ignition mechanism, which ensures the launch of the long-range cocking safety mechanism, consists of an igniter primer 37, a spring 38, a tip 39, fixed by punching in the sleeve 11.

Rice. 21. VMG-K fuze:

1 – cover; 2 – gasket; 3, 19, 21, 22, 26, 27, 29, 36 – caps; 4 – plate; 5, 39 – sting; 6, 25, 31, 35, 38 – springs; 7 – liner;

8 – nut; 9, 15, 32 – detonator caps; 10 – damper; 11, 17 – bushings; 12 – body; 13 – powder composition; 14 – gasket; 16 – nut,

18 – powder composition; 20 – spring; 23 – gasket; 24 – stopper; 28 – screw; 30 – spring ring; 33 – transfer powder composition;

34 – pin; 37 – igniter primer; 40 – igniter composition

The long-range cocking safety mechanism, which ensures the safety of the fuse in use, consists of a sleeve 17 with a pressed powder composition 18, a cap 19, a spring 20, caps 21, 22, a gasket 23, a stopper 24 that holds the damper 10 with a spring 25 from moving to the side position. The damper contains a highly sensitive detonator cap 9 of the pin type.

The safety-centrifugal mechanism, which keeps the valve from moving into the firing position, consists of a pin 34, a spring 35 and a cap 36, located in the sleeve 11.

The self-destruction mechanism, designed to destroy a grenade in the event of a failure when meeting an obstacle, consists of a sleeve 11 with a powder composition 13 pressed into it along an annular path, an ignition composition 40 and a transfer powder composition 33 and a detonator capsule 32, secured by punching in the sleeve 11 .

The fuse mechanisms are located in the housing 12 on the gasket 14 and are pressed through the cap 26 with a nut 8 with gasket 2. In the rear part of the housing there is a detonator capsule 15, secured with a nut 16.

Shot VOG-25

GP-25 and VOG-25

VOG-25 grenade launcher shot (GRAU Index - 7P17) is fragmentation ammunition for under-barrel grenade launchers of small arms and is intended to destroy enemy personnel.

The VOG-25 shot was developed at the Moscow Pribor design bureau in the 70s of the twentieth century for the GP-25 under-barrel grenade launcher.

VOG-25
Unlike the Americans, Soviet designers decided to create a shot (a grenade with a starting charge) of a fundamentally new design - with a “flying away” cartridge case.

In the VOG-25 shot, the chamber for the propelling powder charge was located directly on the grenade. As a result, there was no need for such an operation as the extraction of a spent cartridge case. After the shot, the shooter must only take out the next grenade from the bag, insert it into the muzzle of the grenade launcher and push it all the way into the barrel. Moreover, this operation is performed with one hand.

The VOG-25 fragmentation shot combines a grenade and a propellant charge in a cartridge case.

The 40-mm VOG-25 shot in the middle part has a belt with 12 leading protrusions that fit into the rifling and give the grenade rotation during the firing process. Some breakthrough of powder gases that occurs with such a device is acceptable for short-barreled weapons with a low initial projectile velocity, a small propellant charge and a barrel length almost equal to the length of the shot. A similar design of projectiles for muzzle-loading rifled weapons is not new (the grenade for the Dyakonov rifled grenade launcher had three leading protrusions), but it is quite effective.

The fairing gives the grenade an ogival shape, ensuring proper flight.

Inside the grenade body (between the bursting charge and the body) there is a cardboard mesh for rational crushing of the body into fragments, which helps to increase the fragmentation effect. Here it is simply necessary to note that the VOG-25 round grenade is 1.5 times more powerful at the target than the 30-mm OFZ round for the 2A42 cannon, which is equipped with the BMP-2.

The problem of removing the spent cartridge case, which is rigidly connected to the grenade, is also ingeniously solved in VOG25. When the propellant charge burns, powder gases enter the breech of the grenade launcher through special holes, ejecting the grenade from the barrel, and with it the cartridge case. Given the light weight of the cartridge case, this does not negatively affect the ballistics of the grenade.

The burning of the charge while the grenade moves along the barrel somewhat softens the recoil of the weapon.

The grenade fuse (index VMG-K) is a head, impact, instantaneous and inertial action, semi-safety type with pyrotechnic long-range cocking and self-liquidator. The cocking distance is from 10 to 40 meters from the muzzle of the grenade launcher. Such a significant spread is due to the temperature range of use of the weapon (from -40°C to +50°C).

The fuse is unified with the 30-mm VOG-17 round from the AGS-17 grenade launcher.

In case the fuse fails or falls into water or viscous soil, the grenade has a self-liquidator that fires 14-19 seconds after the shot.

VOG-25 has a mass of 255 g and a total length of 106.7 mm. The initial speed of a fragmentation grenade is 76 m/s. The radius of continuous destruction by fragments when a grenade falls vertically reaches 10 m.

VOG-25 shot device:

40-mm shot VOG-25: a - general view and markings;
b - section; 1 - fuse; 2 — fairing; 3- gaskets; 4-cardboard mesh; 5-grenade body, 6-explosive explosive charge; 7-bottom grenade; 8-powder propellant charge The VOG-25 shot is unitary in its design. It consists of a grenade with a fuse screwed into the head of the body and a propellant charge into the bottom. A fairing is installed on the grenade body.

The grenade consists of a body, a bottom, a bursting charge, a mesh and gaskets.

The bottom serves to attach the propellant charge and fix the grenade in the grenade launcher barrel after loading.

A cylindrical explosive explosive charge is designed to break the body into fragments and give them a certain dispersion speed. The explosive charge is pressed into the grenade body with gaskets.

The mesh is made of cardboard. It is designed to obtain organized crushing of the body into fragments.

The fairing is mounted on the grenade body and serves to reduce the influence of air resistance.

The powder propellant charge is designed to impart initial speed to the grenade. It consists of a cartridge case in which a powder charge and an igniter primer are placed. The powder charge is closed with a ring and a lid made of aluminum foil.

Fuse VMG-K 1 - cover;
2 - gasket; 3, 19, 21, 22, 26, 27, 29, 36 — caps; 4- plate; 5, 39 - stings; 6, 25, 31, 35, 38 — springs; 7 — liner; 8 - nut; 9, 15, 32 — detonator caps; 10 - damper; 11, 17 — bushings; 12 — body; 13 — powder composition; 14 - gasket; 16 - nut; 18 — powder composition; 20 - spring; 23 - gasket; 24 - stopper; 28 - screw; 30 — spring ring; 33 — transfer powder composition; 34 - pin; 37 — igniter primer; 40 - igniter composition. The VMG-K fuse is designed to detonate the explosive charge of a grenade. The fuse is a head fuse, instantaneous and inertial action, semi-safety type, with pyrotechnic long-range arming and self-destruction. The fuse is safe in service handling, during transportation, shooting and in flight before arming, when dropped from a height of up to 3 m on any base in any position.

It consists of impact and ignition mechanisms, a long-range cocking safety mechanism, and a self-destruction mechanism.

The impact mechanism is designed to transmit the reaction force of the target and ensure the activation of the fuse fire chain. It consists of a cover 1, a screw 28, a cap 3, two plates 4 resting on a tip 5, pressed by a spring 6, and a cap 27, assembled in an insert 7.

The ignition mechanism, which ensures the launch of the long-range cocking safety mechanism, consists of an igniter primer 37, a spring 38, a tip 39, fixed by punching in the sleeve 11.

The safety-centrifugal mechanism, which keeps the valve from moving into the firing position, consists of a pin 34, a spring 35 and a cap 36, located in the sleeve 11.

VOG-25IN
In 1978, comparative tests were carried out of the GP-25 grenade launcher with the VOG-25 round and the 40-mm M-203 underbarrel grenade launcher mounted on the M16A1 rifle with the M-406 round. The VOG-25 and M-406 shots were compared by firing at an area where a target environment was located, simulating openly located manpower (lying growth targets). During these tests, it was revealed that the frequency of hitting targets on the tactical field from the explosion of a grenade from a VOG-25 round is 3-4 times higher than from the explosion of a fragmentation grenade from an M-406 round.

For training, VOG-25IN rounds (GRAU Index - 7P17I) with an inert grenade or a 7P44U practical round, which can also be used for target designation, are used. To do this, there is a smoke charge, which lasts for 10–15 s. generates a cloud of red-orange smoke. Their ballistics are consistent with live grenades.

VOG-25P
While the designers from TsKIB SOO were designing the GP-25 grenade launcher, namely in 1974, their colleagues from the Pribor State Research and Production Enterprise were given a new task. It was necessary to develop a new 40-mm shot for an under-barrel grenade launcher with increased fragmentation efficiency against manpower lying down and in unprotected shelters from above (trenches, trenches, stones, etc.), compared to the VOG-25 shot grenade, 1 .5-2 times (without reducing the effectiveness of fragmentation against growth targets). This difficult technical problem was brilliantly solved by the team of designers from the Pribor State Research and Production Enterprise. In 1979, a new 40-mm shot with a fragmentation grenade VOG-25P (“Foundling”, index 7P24) was presented for field testing, and in the same year the new shot was recommended for service with the Soviet Army. The main and main difference of the new shot was the head fuse, which received the VMG-P index.

An expelling charge and a pyrotechnic moderator were introduced into the design of the VMG-P fuse, ensuring that the grenade “bounces” after hitting the ground and explodes in the air when fired at all combat ranges of the grenade launcher. The height of the grenade explosion when firing at medium-hard soil was 0.75 m, which made it possible to increase the effectiveness of the fragmentation effect in comparison with the VOG-25 grenade: against lying targets by 1.7 times; on targets located in the trench 2 times.

Attempts to create a fragmentation-cumulative round during the development of the “grenade launcher” turned out to be unsuccessful in terms of ballistics.
“Nail” shot
In addition to the army, the GP-25 grenade launcher was also used by the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. This caused changes in the grenade launcher's ammunition load. In particular, the “Nail” shot was developed with a gas grenade filled with the irritating toxic substance CS.

The weight of the “Nail” grenade is 170 g, the maximum firing range is 250 m, the minimum permissible is 50 m, the gas release time is up to 15 s, the volume of the formed cloud is 500 cubic meters.

In addition, for special operations of law enforcement units, grenade launchers with smoke, light-sound and thermobaric grenades were created.

Loading a shot.
The grenade is fed into the grenade launcher until there is a characteristic click: the trigger is brought into firing position. In the early 2000s, the Pribor State Research and Production Enterprise developed modernized VOG-25M and VOG-25PM rounds to replace the VOG-25 and VOG-25P rounds. They have a new unified body with organized crushing during detonation. The number and energy of the resulting fragments provide a 1.5 times greater probability of hitting living targets.

The grenade launcher is loaded with a VOG-25 shot from the muzzle of the barrel. A 40-mm caliber grenade is inserted into the barrel without effort. The shot must be inserted into the barrel until it stops at the end of the breech. In this case, the shot in the grenade launcher barrel is fixed by a special lock, which, in turn, is connected to a transfer lever that blocks the trigger in such a way that if the shot is not fully fired, firing becomes impossible.

To remove an unused shot, you must press the ejector button.
The grenade partially comes out of the barrel, the grenade launcher trigger is deactivated. A dangerous element of underbarrel grenade launchers is the fuse, which is highly sensitive to impact. It is prohibited to disassemble the grenade and fuse. It should be borne in mind that the self-destructor of a failed grenade can be triggered by accidental (even small) movement of the failed grenade, and about 30-40 seconds will pass from the moment the grenade is moved to the explosion.

It is strictly forbidden to touch unexploded grenades after firing. These grenades must be destroyed at the site of their fall, taking appropriate precautions.

Ammunition of 10 shots is carried by the shooter in a “bag”, which is two fabric cassettes with sockets for shots, 5 in each. Cassettes are located on belts on both sides of the shooter's body, so shots are available no matter what position the shooter is in. Unloading vests can also have special pockets for GP-25 rounds. In addition, new equipment has been created for carrying ammunition: two pouches with five pockets for shots are placed horizontally on the stomach and chest and serve as additional body protection.

VOG-25 rounds are also used in other weapon systems: the OTs-14 “Groza” assault rifle-grenade launcher system, the RG-6 six-barreled revolver grenade launcher and the single-shot RG-1.

Modifications

VOG-25IN

GRAU index - 7P17I

. A practical shot with a grenade in inert ammunition, used for training and shooting training, as well as bringing the GP-25 to normal combat and combat testing.

VOG-25P

GRAU index - 7P24

, code "Foundling".
A shot with a “bouncing” fragmentation grenade, equipped with a VGM-P
with an expelling charge and a pyrotechnic moderator. Adopted into service in 1979.

Description:

Caliber: 40 mm
Initial speed: 76 m/s
Weight: 275 g
Explosive weight: 42 g
Explosive: A-IX-1 (95% hexogen, 5% phlegmatizers)
Length: 125 mm
Cocking distance: 10 - 40 m
Self-destruction time: not less than 14 s
Average tear height: 75 cm

"Nail"

40mm shot "Nail"

VOG-25M

A modernized version of the VOG-25 round with a fragmentation grenade, partially unified with the VOG-25PM. Developed in the early 2000s.

VOG-25PM

A modernized version of the VOG-25P round with a “bouncing” fragmentation grenade, partially unified with the VOG-25M. Developed in the early 2000s.

VKO-25

40-mm cumulative grenade for use in under-barrel grenade launchers of small arms, mounted grenade launchers and launch mortars of armored vehicles. Allows you to hit up to 200 mm of homogeneous armor or 400 mm of concrete. It was first shown at the Army 2019 forum.

ASZ-40

40-mm acoustic shot ASZ-40 “Svirel”

. A non-lethal light-sound grenade serves to temporarily suppress the psycho-volitional stability of enemy personnel. It is in service with the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.

Currently, there is a tendency to further expand the types of ammunition. Thus, at the international arms exhibition “Defendory-2006” new types of grenades were presented:

VG-40MD
- shot with a smoke grenade
VGS-40-1
- shot with a signal grenade (red light)
VGS-40-2
- shot with a signal grenade (green light)
VG-40I
- shot with a lighting grenade

However, there is no information that these ammunition have been adopted for service or are in mass production.

Rice. 18. Butt plate with belt

VOG-25 SHOT DEVICE

Rice. 19. 40-mm shot VOG-25:

Grenade (Fig. 19, b

) consists of a body, a bottom, a bursting charge, a mesh and gaskets.

The bottom serves to attach the propellant charge and fix the grenade in the grenade launcher barrel after loading.

A cylindrical explosive explosive charge is designed to break the body into fragments and give them a certain dispersion speed.

Rice. 20. Powder propellant charge:

1 — igniter primer; 2 - sleeve; 3 - ring; 4 - cover; 5 - powder charge

The explosive charge is pressed into the grenade body with gaskets.

The mesh is made of cardboard, it is designed to obtain an organized crushing of the body into fragments.

The fairing is mounted on the grenade body and serves to reduce the influence of air resistance.

Rice. 21. VMG-K fuze:

The impact mechanism is designed to transmit the reaction force of the obstacle, to ensure the activation of the fuse fire chain. It consists of a cover 1

, a screw
28
, a cap
3
, two plates
4
resting on a tip
5
, pressed by a spring
6
, and a cap
27
, assembled in an insert
7
.

The ignition mechanism, which ensures the launch of the long-range cocking safety mechanism, consists of an igniter primer 37

, springs
38
, tip
39
, secured by punching in sleeve
11
.

The long-range cocking safety mechanism, which ensures the safety of the fuse in handling, consists of a bushing 17

The safety-centrifugal mechanism, which keeps the valve from moving into the firing position, consists of a pin 34

, springs
35
and cap
36
, placed in sleeve
11
.

The self-destruction mechanism, designed to eliminate the grenade in case of failure when meeting an obstacle, consists of a bushing 11

13
, an ignition composition
40
pressed into it along an annular path, and a detonator capsule
32
, secured by punching in the sleeve
11
.

The fuse mechanisms are located in the housing 12

on gasket
14
and pressed through cap
26
with nut
8
with gasket
2
.
In the rear part of the housing there is a detonator capsule 15
, secured with a nut
16
.

CAPING AND MARKING OF SHOTS

One of the three boxes is tied with twine for easy removal from the box. Inside each box there are liners to ensure the safety of the shots during transportation and opening the boxes with a knife.

A box opener wrapped in paper is placed in a box. A lid is attached to the body of the box on two hinges, which is closed with two locks. In addition, the box has two wooden handles for carrying.

Rice. 22. Capping VOG-25 rounds:

a - metal box; b - wooden box (top - front wall, bottom - lid)

The VMG-K fuse has a marking on the cover indicating: fuse brand (VMG-K), manufacturer number, batch number and year of manufacture.

return 2

Shots can be placed in boxes without cylindrical paper cartridges.

Modifications

VOG-25IN

GRAU index - 7P17I

. A practical shot with a grenade in inert ammunition, used for training and shooting training, as well as bringing the GP-25 to normal combat and combat testing.

VOG-25P

GRAU index - 7P24

, code "Foundling".
A shot with a “bouncing” fragmentation grenade, equipped with a VGM-P
with an expelling charge and a pyrotechnic moderator. Adopted into service in 1979.

Description:

Caliber: 40 mm
Initial speed: 76 m/s
Weight: 275 g
Explosive weight: 42 g
Explosive: A-IX-1 (95% RDX, 5% phlegmatizers)
Length: 125 mm
Cocking distance: 10 - 40 m
Self-destruction time: not less than 14 s
Average tear height: 75 cm

"Nail"

40mm shot "Nail"

VOG-25M

A modernized version of the VOG-25 round with a fragmentation grenade, partially unified with the VOG-25PM. Developed in the early 2000s.

VOG-25PM

A modernized version of the VOG-25P round with a “bouncing” fragmentation grenade, partially unified with the VOG-25M. Developed in the early 2000s.

VKO-25

ASZ-40

40-mm acoustic shot ASZ-40 “Svirel”

. A non-lethal light-sound grenade serves to temporarily suppress the psycho-volitional stability of enemy personnel. In service with the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation

Currently, there is a tendency to further expand the types of ammunition. Thus, at the international arms exhibition “Defendory-2006” new types of grenades were presented:

VG-40MD
- shot with a smoke grenade
VGS-40-1
- shot with a signal grenade (red light)
VGS-40-2
- shot with a signal grenade (green light)
VG-40I
- shot with a lighting grenade

However, there is no information that these ammunition have been adopted for service or are in mass production.

Lethal weapon with a cool name (31 photos)

10th place: The GP-30 underbarrel grenade launcher is called “Obuvka”. It can fire three types of grenades – regular fragmentation grenades (VOG-25), “jumping” grenades (VOG-25P) and “non-lethal” Gvozd grenades with tear gas.

9th place: The 220 mm caliber 9M51 “Quarantine” rocket is designed to destroy manpower, unarmored military equipment and reveal and destroy natural and artificial camouflage devices. Projectile weight - 256 kg.

8th place: Atomic bombs are traditionally called by women's names in Russia. In 1951, “Maria” (RDS-3 charge) was tested, in 1953 - “Tatyana” (product 244N), and, finally, “Natasha” - the 8U49 tactical atomic bomb.

7th place: The container missile control system is called “Phantasmagoria”, and the artillery fire control system is called “Kapustnik”.

6th place: The ACS (Automated Control System) of the rocket artillery brigade is called “Vivarium”.

5th place: The aircraft satellite communications station is called “Grump”.

4th place: It is worth appreciating the sense of humor of the defense workers who released the “Tenderness” handcuffs and the “Argument” baton. The telescopic baton is called “Surprise”.

3rd place: “Ballerina” is a 30-mm aviation automatic gun 9A-4071 (not pictured). It is intended to arm the MiG-29 and Su-27 aircraft.

2nd place: The RT-23 UTTH “Molodets” intercontinental ballistic missile is designed to destroy strategic targets of all types. In the west, this missile was designated SS-24 “Scalpel” Mod 2 (PL-4).

1st place: The modified version of the famous T-72 tank - T-72M1, in terms of its total combat characteristics, can be equated to the next generation tank T-90S. The T-72 is equipped with a device to protect the crew from the effects of the shock wave of a nuclear explosion, radioactive and toxic substances. It is capable of crossing the bottom of a river up to 5 meters deep... The military calls this tank “Banana”.

And further:

It seems that Russian developers of military equipment and weapons are a little mocking their foreign colleagues. In the sense of the names of the equipment they create. Germany has the Leopard tank. Israel has the Merkava (War Chariot). America has the Abrams tank, France has the Leclerc, both in honor of famous generals. And in Russia - T-72B "Slingshot". In honor of the slingshot

Or, for example, the Americans take it and call their self-propelled howitzer “Paladin”. And the British call theirs “Archer” (Archer). All is well. Then the Russians come up and say: look here. Here are the 2S1 “Gvozdika” self-propelled howitzers

2S3 "Acacia"

self-propelled mortar 2S4 "Tulip"

and long-range self-propelled guns 2S5 "Gyacinth"

and 2S7 "Pion", capable of firing nuclear shells.

Please smell the bouquet!

So the Americans take and call their anti-tank guided missile “Dragon”. And the other is called “Shilleylah” (Budgeon). Everything is logical. Then the Russians come up and say: look at this. Here is the 9M14M “Malyutka” anti-tank complex

ATGM 9M123 "Chrysanthemum"

and a Metis anti-tank missile with a Mulatto night sight.

And just to make it completely incomprehensible and scary for you, there was also a missile called “Kromka” (an experienced ATGM that has not yet appeared anywhere). And to make you think even more, we called the heavy tank support combat vehicle “Frame”.

And to make your head spin, they called the newest coastal defense missile system “Ball”.

And just to give you an idiotic smile, their most powerful 30-barrel self-propelled flamethrower in the world is called TOS-1 “Buratino”.

And if anything, there is also an 82-mm automatic mortar 2B9 “Vasilek”

company mortar 2B14 "Tray"

120mm. 2S12 “Sani” mortar,

intercontinental ballistic missile "Courier" with a nuclear charge

nuclear submarine project 705 "Lira",

and a grenade for the 7P24 “Foundling” grenade launcher.

40-mm hand-held six-round revolver grenade launcher RG-6 (6G30) “Gnome”,

radar complex art. reconnaissance and fire control 1L219 “Zoo”

122-mm towed howitzer D-30A “Frog”

125-mm sub-caliber projectile 3P31 “Mummy”,

four-ton anti-ship missile "mosquito"

Differences between ZIL-164 and ZIS-150

The new truck was created at the Likhachev plant as a successor to the ZIS-150, which at that time was considered quite outdated. Although the latest modifications of the ZIS-150 were practically no different from the first ZIL-164, the batch did not require another modernization, but the creation of a completely new model, so in 1957, designers created a new car based on the ZIS.

Its appearance immediately suggested that it was a modernized ZIS, but there were still some differences in the design of the models:

The car frame has become more powerful;
The engine was also more powerful;
A new model carburetor was installed;
Telescopic shock absorbers appeared;
A windshield blowing system has appeared;
New design heater.

In addition, many other small changes were made to the design of the car, which are invisible at first glance. For example, a new radiator, higher fenders, etc.

The car began to be mass-produced in 1957, and was produced until 1964. In 1961, a major modernization of the car took place, as the plant was preparing to produce a completely new ZIL-130 truck. Since 1961, the plant has produced the ZIL-164A model, which received some of the components from the new, more advanced model. The latest modification received a new single-disc clutch, cardans, and brake valve. In addition, the ZIL-164A gearbox was also taken from the model with index 130.

Some sources indicate that the first modifications of the ZIL-164 were called ZIS, but this is not true. The plant was renamed in 1956, the first cars rolled off the assembly line only a year after that, but the ZIS-150 was really called ZIL. The latest models, which were produced in 1956, had the inscription “ZIL”.