Weapons for self-defense without permission and a license and with them: what types that do not require documents can be purchased, are they needed for traumatic and others?

Modern life is unstable and even if you are in good physical shape, it is not a fact that you will be able to repel an attacker.
The question arises about how to protect yourself, whether there are types of weapons that an ordinary citizen can afford without special permits and licenses. Find out what weapons you can carry and do not require a permit or license in Russia, whether it is permissible to use edged weapons for self-defense and what types are the best for self-defense, whether a permit is required for firearms.

The legislative framework

Before you think about buying a weapon, you need to consider federal legislation, what the law dictates in this case. According to Article 24 of the Federal Law on Weapons No. 150-FZ, for Russian citizens, weapons should not be used unless absolutely necessary and should not cause harm to third parties. Citizens of the Russian Federation can use the weapons they have to protect life, health and property. In this case, the following circumstances must be taken into account:

Weapons must be legally owned.
The use of a weapon must be preceded by a clearly expressed warning to the person against whom the weapon is used.

It is prohibited to use firearms:

In relation to women, persons with obvious signs of disability, minors, when their age is obvious or known, with the exception of cases of an armed or group attack by these persons.
In the event of the use of a weapon, the owner is obliged, no later than 24 hours, to inform the internal affairs body about the fact of the use of a weapon.

There are a number of restrictions on carrying weapons. Prohibited:

Carrying a weapon while intoxicated.
Carry a weapon while participating in meetings, rallies, demonstrations, sports and other public events.
Drawing a weapon if there is no reason to use it.
Use weapons of cultural value, antique, collectible weapons.

Weapons for self-defense without permission and license: the most effective

What legal weapons do not require a permit or license, and what can you purchase? Civilian self-defense weapons, which do not require a license, have a limited destructive effect and are designed to have a psychological impact rather than defeat an attacker.

Without obtaining a license, you can use the following permitted types of weapons on the territory of the Russian Federation:

pneumatics;
gas cartridge;
steel arms;
stun gun

Let's take a closer look at some of them.

Pneumatic

Pneumatic weapons, which can be of a sporting type or a household type (for self-defense), can be purchased without permission; pistol-type pneumatics are suitable as a means of protection. A license is not required if:

initial bullet speed no more than 150 m/s;
shot power – up to 7.5 J;
caliber – up to 4.5 mm.

Reference. If the power exceeds 7.5 J, then the weapon should already be registered according to all the rules.

Despite the availability of various modifications of this weapon, the law limits its use as a weapon for self-defense. Air guns are more suited for sports and entertainment than for defense against intruders.

Pros:

small size, can be stored in a handbag;
its external outline resembles a real pistol, so it has a psychological effect.

Cons: practically useless in the cold season, the bullet is not capable of causing any damage through a layer of warm clothing, only the effect of surprise can work here.

You need to store the pistol in a safe with the safety on (this will relieve the tension on the spring, which is important so that in a situation where you need to fight back, the weapon does not malfunction).

Device Impact

The Impact device is something between a pistol and a gas canister. Charged with special capsules containing liquid. This charge is enough for about 2000 shots. Firing range up to 5 meters.

The appearance is unusual for a weapon - the barrel is completely absent, the appearance resembles a block. Quite easy to operate and effective, which has made it popular among gas self-defense weapons.

Pros:

effective in any weather;
Can be used in confined spaces;
small - can be carried in a purse or even in a pocket.

Minuses:

to hit the enemy you need to aim, which is quite difficult in a critical situation;
if the capsules are of poor quality, the gun may misfire;
spoiled capsules may leak.

Gas aerosol can

A popular and widely available means of self-defense, the only thing required when purchasing is to provide a document confirming that you have reached the age of majority. The principle of operation of the device is the spraying of gas, which can cause irritation of the mucous membrane of the eyes, coughing, and suffocation.

The main thing when using a spray can is training. In an extreme situation, it is difficult to suddenly pull it out and use it for its intended purpose. Unlike weapons that resemble military weapons but do not require a license, a spray can can be used without warning.

Pros:

it is easy to use: it is convenient to use and psychologically - it is easier to spray it in the face from a spray can than to shoot it;
weighs little;
low cost.

Minuses:

there is no strong intimidation effect;
cannot be used indoors;
you need to take into account the direction of the wind so as not to harm yourself.

Light and noise (light and sound)

The principle of operation is based on stunning the enemy with a loud sound and bright light. He loses orientation for a while: he sees and hears nothing.

Pros:

light weight;
can also be used in the fight against stray animals.

Minuses:

When using, you must close your eyes;
If used carelessly, you can harm yourself.

Pistol Wasp

A traumatic pistol that can be loaded with rubber bullets or used as a sonic weapon. Depending on the model, it can be two or four barrels. The cartridge is loaded into each barrel - as many barrels as there can be as many shots. When it hits a target, it causes disorientation of the aggressor; at close range it can cause a burn to the face.

Pros:

low price;
capable of hitting not one, but several opponents.

Disadvantages: when fired, it can blind the shooter; it is necessary to close your eyes in time, but the attacker can take advantage of this moment and take possession of the weapon.

For hunting

Without a license, various modifications of pneumatic weapons are used for hunting. But hunting with pneumatic guns is prohibited by law, although shooting stray dogs and birds is not prohibited.

Pros:

light weight compared to its combat counterpart;
no noise;
easier to maintain;
low cost.

Cons: inferior in power and firing range.

Signal

There are many models and replicas of firearms on the modern market The operating principle of the pistol is associated with the use of the energy of powder gases, and the blank cartridge has a weak charge of gunpowder.

Pros: very accurately copies combat analogues.

Cons: in a real collision with an attacker, the situation can turn out to be disastrous.

Reference. Initially, signal weapons were used for competitions.

To eliminate the possibility of a live cartridge being fired, various changes are made to their design. Often, bypassing the legislation, such weapons are converted into combat weapons.

Stun guns

The action is based on shocking the attacker with an electric shock using a special device. This will not cause him irreparable harm, but it will disorient him for some time, and the work of the central nervous system will be unstable. There are different types and brands.

Important! Paragraph 1 of Article 3 of the Russian Law “On Weapons” allows the use of only stun guns manufactured in Russia.

Pros:

low price;
compact size;
capable of immobilizing the enemy for some time.

Minuses:

Most models require direct contact with the attacker;
in winter, due to a thick layer of clothing, it may not work.

Empty

More often, these are decommissioned combat models that have been deactivated and have lost the ability to fire live ammunition. The documents for them must indicate exactly how they were changed: the barrel is fixed motionless, the chamber is bored to accommodate a blank cartridge, a sleeve is pressed into the barrel and welded.

Pros:

weapons are not firearms, everyone over eighteen years of age has the right to buy them;
purchasing cartridges also does not require a license.

Disadvantages: to carry such a weapon, you must comply with certain rules - have with you a passport of the plant that carried out the cooling and a certified copy of the certificate of conformity, otherwise problems with law enforcement agencies may arise.

Cold

It is a generally available means of defense, especially if an attacker finds you indoors. But not all types of knives are available for free sale. In Russia, prohibited types include those with a blade larger than 9 centimeters, as well as knives with automatic blade ejection.

Attention! The Russian Federation Law “On Weapons” does not recommend using a knife as a means of self-defense.

Pros: available in every home at hand.

Cons: Not everyone has the courage to stab a person.

Species requiring licenses and permits

All of the above types of weapons are generally available to the population. But there are no less popular means of self-defense that require a license and special permits. Obtaining a license is possible upon reaching 18 years of age. Some conditions must also be met:

no criminal record or administrative offenses (within a year);
permanent registration on the territory of the Russian Federation;
certificate 046-1 from the clinic.

At the end you will have to pass an exam at the police licensing department.

For information on how to renew your weapons permit, read the article at the link.

Let's look at the most popular categories.

Powerful traumatic

Weapons loaded with rubber bullets are called traumatic and require a permit. It is designed to temporarily incapacitate an enemy, so its use for self-defense is legal, but requires a license.

What traumatic weapons can be purchased, but you must obtain permission and a license? When choosing an injury for self-defense, pay attention to the following points:

High-quality and simple design guarantees reliability in use.
Size – choose a model that is comfortable to handle and wear.
Magazine capacity varies from 7 to 10 rounds, depending on the model.

Pros:

compactness;
similarity to real weapons.

Minuses:

if hit in the neck or face, it can cause serious harm to the health of the attacker, then you will be held responsible and prove the legality of your actions;
in the cold season it may be useless due to a thick layer of clothing.

Gas

The combination of compactness and firepower in this type of weapon makes it the most popular means of self-defense. The principle of operation of the gun is similar to a gas spray, but the jet is much denser and operates at a distance of about 5 meters.

Pros:

Externally, it is very similar to real prototypes of military weapons; the effect of surprise can work.
Possibility to use at a safe distance from the attacker.

Minuses:

Adverse weather conditions – if the wind blows in your direction, you will also suffer. A strong wind can prevent you from hitting your target.
Not recommended for use in enclosed spaces.

Pump-action shotgun

Pump-action guns are an excellent option for protecting your home and property , but they require a license. Easy to care and handle. The pump has a magazine for 4-8 rounds.

Pros: the charge carries enormous energy, which guarantees a high stopping effect.

Disadvantages: you should keep a distance so as not to cause serious harm to the health of the attacker.

Regulatory acts

A person purchasing a rifle for self-defense must prove that he absolutely needs it.
The requirements for self-defense are set out in Article 3 of Law No. 150-FZ. Here is a list of weapons permitted for use by civilians for the following purposes:

personal protection;
Sports Equipment;
educational purposes;
hunting.

And in order to officially own most of the types of weapons described above, you must have the appropriate license. In particular, permission will be required to use:

Hunting rifles of rifled and smooth-bore types. The main difference between such weapons and combat weapons is the small magazine capacity and the absence of an automatic firing mode.
Sports. Intended for practical and clay pigeon shooting.
Weapons for self-defense. The most popular models are those with limited damage properties. The muzzle energy of such a weapon should not exceed 91 J. Elastic bullets or cartridges with buckshot can be used here.

Important! Obtaining a weapons permit for self-defense in the Russian Federation can be difficult and take quite a long time. Therefore, alternative options that do not require a license should be considered.

Rules for purchase, storage and use

Everyone chooses a weapon for self-defense for themselves, depending on the degree of protection they need, but still, several general rules should be taken into account:

A signal weapon is used to scare away dogs, but if it is used against a person and causes serious harm to his health, this will result in criminal liability.
Flash and noise devices will help protect you from both animals and humans. But here it is worth considering that you cannot shoot at a distance of 50 cm, this can cause serious harm to the health of the attacker.
Stun guns are more suitable for those who are in direct contact with people, for example, taxi drivers, security guards.
Gas spray , a very versatile tool for different situations, which does not require a license. The most important thing is not to harm yourself if, for example, an attacker attacks you in the elevator.

Rules for storing weapons for self-defense:

Weapons for self-defense do not require special storage conditions, the only thing is that they must be kept out of the reach of children.
As for cold weapons, you must have a certificate of conformity in your hands when transporting them.

Recommendations for selection

In terms of price-quality ratio, the best choice would be a gas canister. It is easy to use and suitable for both ladies and young men.
A stun gun is also a good universal option. Modern developers produce models that can operate at short distances and do not require direct contact with the attacker.

Liability for exceeding permissible defense

The limits of self-defense are regulated by Art. 37 and art. 39 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. You should not attack the attacker first - self-defense is to prevent or repel the attack. If, while defending yourself, you cause serious harm to the health of the attacker, you may well be held accountable.

Exceeding necessary self-defense may result in the following liability:

correctional labor – 12 months;
restriction of liberty or imprisonment – up to 12 months;
forced labor – up to 12 months.

Find out what will happen if you overstay your weapons permit in the article at the link.

Before purchasing a self-defense product, be guided by the fact that it is available without a license or special permits, is easy to use, and small in size. Don't forget to adequately evaluate your own character. If you are a short-tempered person, it may be worth learning some hand-to-hand combat techniques instead of having dangerous weapons on hand.

Which attack defenses are right for you?

There are so many products and they are so different that each has its own pros, cons and limitations. We have selected effective devices for children, fragile girls, drivers, joggers and strong-willed men. Which is right for you?

Walking down dark, deserted streets where no one is likely to hear your personal alarm? - Pepper spray or a stun gun will work for you. Are you running in the park? — Spray cans have been specially created for athletes, which are conveniently attached to the hand and are always “ready.” Are you afraid of strangers in the elevator? “It’s unlikely that anyone will hear the siren; the spray can harm you too.” But pepper gel spray is ideal for any enclosed space. If you are a driver , it would be wise to keep a stun gun or pepper spray in the glove compartment, and attach a special alarm to your keys. Are you afraid for your child's safety? It is clear that a child will not be able to spray from a spray can, so the safest option for him is a personal alarm. Are you a fragile girl and are you afraid that you won’t be able to quickly spray in the face of a tall guy? — Press the button on the personal alarm. Are you riding a bike and encounter dogs along the way? - Take a small device with you - an ultrasonic repeller. Don't have enough physical fitness to skillfully handle a stun gun at close range? Taser is a stun gun that delivers a charge over several meters. Do you always forget to put pepper spray in your bag or does it just get lost in there? Put a keychain with keys in your pocket and you will always have it at hand. Do you have a quick reaction and are you not afraid of anyone? Feel free to take the electric shock.