What weapons can be purchased without permission and license: list

• March 2, 2020
• Legislation
• Natalia Evdokimova

According to the Federal Law “On Weapons” (Article 13), a person who has reached the age of eighteen and is a citizen of the Russian Federation has the right to purchase without a license various types of weapons for self-defense, which will be discussed in this article.

Regulations

The requirements for means of self-defense are provided for in Article 3 of Federal Law No. 150 “On Weapons”. It contains a list of means that civilians are allowed to use. In doing so, gun owners must pursue the following goals:

1. Hunting.
2. Education.
3. Personal protection.
4. Use as sports equipment.

Most existing weapons require a permit. According to the Federal Law “On Weapons” (Article 13), you can purchase without a license:

1. Tear gas aerosol (canister).
2. Electroshock device.
3. Signal revolver.
4. Pneumatic weapons whose muzzle energy does not exceed 7.5 J and whose caliber is less than 4.5 mm.

Let's look at all these types in more detail.

Is it possible to buy trauma equipment through an online store?

The development of online shopping has also affected the segment of various types of weapons, so many are interested in where to buy a weapon without a license? Careless sellers, taking advantage of the high demand for self-defense products, confidently promote them, offering to buy these products online at attractively low prices. When selling online stores, they use suggestion methods to attract customers, proving how convenient it is to purchase weapons via the Internet and even without a license.

The main arguments include the possibility of leisurely acquaintance with each model, purchasing weapons without a license, and sometimes without prepayment with delivery by mail or courier. According to the law, namely Federal Law No. 150-FZ “On Weapons,” Russian citizens are allowed to purchase firearms of limited destruction (LDW) only if they have a purchase license. The seller is required to have not only a license, but also a special permit to sell LLCP and the corresponding cartridges. According to the Federal Law, LLCs are equated to military firearms, therefore, their storage, carrying, sale, or purchase without a license is subject to criminal liability under Art. 222 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. In addition, any types of civilian weapons are prohibited from being transported by transport companies or sent by Russian Post. For violation of this law for forwarding under Art. 20.8 of the Administrative Code entails liability with a fine of up to two thousand rubles or deprivation of all rights to store and carry weapons for up to one year. If a citizen wishes to buy a product without a license, delivery can be legally carried out only by FSUE Spetsvyaz, which will ask to present all the necessary accompanying documents for the product.

It is important to know! There are special structures of law enforcement agencies that constantly monitor information on the sale of unlicensed weapons of any type, even traumatic ones. Such activities fall under Art. 222 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

The nuances of selling online

If special services monitor all advertisements and information about the sale of weapons, including those for self-defense, questions quite naturally arise as to what kind of pistols can be bought without a license, and why are online stores offering traumatic pistols not closed? The reason is that, from the point of view of legislation, there is no violation of the Criminal Code and the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. These stores take advantage of the ignorance of ordinary people who do not know about the existence of the Federal Law “On Weapons” and about the features and differences between real injuries and the copies offered, and “sell” them devices that are not prohibited by law.

Let's consider what exactly is sold by online stores under the LLC brand without a license. Upon careful study of laws and regulations, there is no such thing as “traumatic weapons” or “traumatic weapons.” These purely “folk” terms are applied to revolvers or pistols that fire rubber bullets. The official name is LLC, which is prohibited from being sold without a license. The sale of such weapons is subject to the prohibition of Art. 222 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, as a result the store must be closed.

The question immediately arises: what is being sold on the Internet under the guise of a traumatic pistol? Experts, when studying products in detail, note that online stores sell KSOI, that is, products that are structurally similar to weapons. They have a weak muzzle force, for example, with an energy of up to 3 Joules (compare with 91 Joules of real OOOPs). Externally, such pistols accurately copy military products TT, PM and other models. They shoot steel balls with a diameter of about 4.5 millimeters. With such a weapon you can, at best, break a bottle from a few meters away. Such pneumatics can only be dangerous to the eyes if there is a direct hit from the ball; in other cases, the damage is considered minor.

By implementing CSOI under the guise of an LLC, online stores take advantage of the lack of awareness of people and ignorance of the legislation of potential buyers. And since this type of pneumatics does not apply to weapons, the KSOI is allowed to be sent by transport companies or by mail to Chelyabinsk, Kemerovo, St. Petersburg, Tver, Novosibirsk, Rostov, Krasnodar, Nizhny Novgorod, Novokuznetsk and other cities of Russia. An example of a popular pneumatic weapon would be the MP-654K model, which is a copy of the Makarov pistol. In different regions: in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Saratov, Ufa, Volgograd, Yekaterinburg, Kazan, Samara, Voronezh, Krasnoyarsk and other cities, the cost of such a pistol can vary from 6 to 15 thousand rubles, while the price of an LLC sometimes reaches 40 thousand.

Need to know! Pneumatic weapons with low muzzle energy are unable to fulfill their main function, namely: to protect the owner and his close relatives from the threat posed by third parties.

By purchasing a COI, a person deceives himself and finds himself unable to resist the attack.

Gas weapon

Very often, many people wonder what weapons can be used without permission. A gas can can be used. It is the most affordable and simple weapon for self-defense. However, it does not require any permission. A gas canister is a container containing a caustic substance called an irritant. Today, five types of such substances are allowed to be used on the territory of the Russian Federation. They are capable of depriving a person of the ability to act actively for some time. When entering the body, irritants cause:

1. Copious tears.
2. Temporary loss of vision.
3. Stinging in the eyes. Blood begins to flow from the nose.
4. Severe skin irritation.

Spray cans are often equipped with a special fuse. Therefore, you won’t be able to press them accidentally. Thanks to this, the owner can avoid accidents.

Is it legal to buy traumatic weapons on Avito?

Today Avito is one of the most popular services where you can purchase not only used goods, but also completely new ones at relatively low prices. However, any type of weapon, even hunting, including knives, gaming (for airsoft, paintball), collectible, souvenir, copies and decorative dummies, and all necessary components are prohibited from being sold or exchanged by the Site Rules. Therefore, you won’t be able to buy either new or used trauma vehicles on Avito. And if suddenly by chance you see an advertisement for the sale of a model, you should know that the reason for this phenomenon is that the moderators did not have time to remove it.

Electroshock devices

What other weapons can you buy without permission? A stun gun falls into this category. This means of protection is safe and quite compact. As for the owner, the stun gun will not cause him any harm. But the aggressor can suffer significantly.

It is best to have a weapon with a small number of volts, but at the same time have a large current. Thanks to this property, it will be possible to remove a person from an active state for about 30 minutes. If you purchase a weaker stun gun, you must take into account that the device does not work if the attacker is wearing warm clothes. Therefore, it is necessary to find a more vulnerable and open place on his body. For example, you can point a stun gun at the neck area. However, in the case of self-defense, the defender does not always have such an opportunity.

The main disadvantage of using this weapon is the fairly close contact with the aggressor. But with the help of a stun gun you can scare away angry dogs. It affects animals with its high-frequency crackling sound.

Procedure and conditions for the use of weapons

A citizen who used a gas pistol should know that in proceedings with the police he will have to prove that he was defending himself, that is, his life and health were at risk. Therefore, when using weapons, it is important to follow the prescribed sequence of actions:

• Warn the attacker about your readiness to use a weapon - show the pistol and say “I will shoot.”
• The shot is fired from a distance of about 1 meter with an outstretched arm, aiming at the limbs or body. A shot to the head from a short distance can cause serious injuries that will result in criminal prosecution. It should be remembered that strong winds and frost significantly reduce the effectiveness of weapons.
• After the shot, you must move away so as not to be exposed to the gas cloud.
• Having stopped the bandit, you should quickly call the police, who will have to tell you about the incident in detail and prove that you acted strictly in self-defense.

The owner of a gas pistol must remember that we are not in the United States, where you can legally shoot at anyone who makes an attempt on life and property. If the attacker is injured, he turns into a victim, and the shooter faces the possibility of opening a case under the article “Excess of self-defense.”

"Pioneer"

In our turbulent times, many people are interested in what weapons can be owned without permission. One of these products is the Pioneer pistol. This weapon for self-defense also does not require special permission. It combines a rocket launcher, gas and signal pistol. Today, the Pioneer is the best weapon for self-defense, but you need to learn how to use it correctly.

Advantages of this pistol:

1. It is compact and lightweight.
2. It can be recharged fairly quickly.
3. Its handle has a replaceable clip.
4. It shoots at about 5m.
5. There is a bar and an aiming front sight.

Main disadvantages:

1. Expensive.
2. There is no laser target pointer.
3. It can be quite hard to pull the trigger.

Light or sound weapons

This type of weapon is not designed to cause damage to the attacker; it must produce a psychological effect. Such weapons are especially effective in scaring away dogs.

A prominent representative of this type is the Osa pistol; it is a compact and inexpensive model. A wasp can frighten several attackers at once. The downside is that the shooter himself is exposed to light and sound.

Gas pistol

We continue to consider what weapons are allowed in Russia for self-defense. Many people believe that it is possible to use a regular gas pistol without special permission, as long as the canister is allowed. This self-defense weapon is controversial. Its principle of operation is approximately the same as that of a gas spray. The only difference is that the latter is cheaper, but it is much easier to maintain.

The main advantage of a gas pistol is that it can be used to exert good psychological pressure on the aggressor. Outwardly, it is very similar to a military weapon. In most cases, when a criminal sees a gun in the hands of a victim, he changes his mind about committing rash actions.

However, to purchase and carry a gas pistol, you need permission (in accordance with Article 13 of Federal Law 150). For violation of this rule, a fine of 500 to 5000 rubles is imposed. with the confiscation of cartridges and a pistol.

Who will be allowed to have weapons?

Any citizen over the age of 18 can, according to the laws of the Russian Federation, purchase a gas pistol.

Law enforcement agencies or the medical commission can prevent the issuance of a license.

Permission is not issued:

• minors;
• citizens with a criminal record for violent acts;
• persons without a fixed abode;
• with medical exemptions - mental disorders, poor vision, serious hand defects, drug or alcohol addiction (registered or for illegal drugs found in the blood);
• noticed in repeated administrative violations during the current calendar year.

To obtain a license, law-abiding citizens are required to provide a complete list of documents, fill out an application correctly, obtain medical approval and learn how to handle a pistol.

Air gun

Currently, many people are wondering whether it is possible to buy a gun without a permit. This is allowed if its muzzle energy does not exceed 7.5 J and its caliber does not exceed 4.5 mm. Air pistols fire rubber bullets. The main task of such weapons is to influence the aggressor. Air pistols are very similar to firearms. Thanks to this, it is possible to quickly disorganize the attacker. However, it should be noted that this is also a weapon. Therefore, if an air pistol has a caliber of more than 4.5 mm, it requires a license.

How to obtain a license for a traumatic weapon?

From the examples discussed above, we can conclude that firing devices with low muzzle energy do not perform the function intended for trauma, and cannot be a means of self-defense. Therefore, there is no point in looking for where you can buy a cheap injury without a license. The most reliable way of self-defense is to follow the legal rules for obtaining a license and then purchase a traumatic pistol. Although this task may take about two months to complete, the advantages of this approach are obvious:

• completing a theoretical and practical course in handling weapons and acquiring certain skills will allow the owner to avoid aggravating and emergency situations;
• incompetent handling of weapons, as a rule, causes more harm than good;
• self-confidence appears, and, as a result, an adequate assessment of current events.

The main stages of acquiring a traumatic weapon:

• in specialized accredited organizations that have a license for the process of teaching weapons, it is necessary to undergo theoretical and practical training;
• obtain permission to purchase a traumatic pistol. Buy only at specialized points, and not via the Internet, where you can carefully familiarize yourself with the features of a particular model and verify its authenticity;
• immediately after purchasing the product, within two weeks, you must obtain permission to store and carry weapons from the police by contacting the appropriate department.

The following documents must be provided to the police:

• a copy of the license authorizing the purchase of a traumatic pistol with the mark of the store that sold this product;
• application from the owner with a request to issue the appropriate permit;
• gun insurance issued at the time of purchase of the pistol;
• two color photographs 3x4;
• cartridges fired from purchased weapons;
• pay the state fee for obtaining a permit to purchase weapons and provide a copy of this document.

Within two weeks, all documents will be completed and the appropriate permit will be issued. Compliance with the above rules is mandatory for everyone.

The license is not issued:

• minor citizens;
• if there is an outstanding criminal record;
• persons who were brought to administrative responsibility for violating public order, provided that the event was not less than one year old;
• persons with serious illnesses, including mental disorders;
• citizens who previously purchased weapons without permits;
• persons who were engaged in the production of firearms and were brought to criminal liability for this activity.

If a person has ever acquired an injury illegally and this becomes accidentally known to representatives of the relevant authorities, then there is a high probability of refusal to issue a license to purchase a weapon of any type.

"Hit"

What weapons can be used without permission? These include the “Udar” pistol. This self-defense device is something between a gas canister and an air gun. It is based on the use of a liquid solution and is a Russian-made mechanical sprayer. Its advantages:

1. Duration of use. On average, one device is enough to fire 2000 shots.
2. Firing range. Regardless of the weather, it is possible to make shots up to 5 m.
3. Can be used indoors.

The main disadvantages of this weapon, which does not require a permit, are:

1. Precision is required to hit the aggressor.
2. There are misfires, but only if low-quality capsules are used.
3. This device is not suitable for left-handed people.

"WASP"

What weapons can you purchase for self-defense without a license or permit? One of them is the OSA pistol. This device operates on the principle of a combination of sound and light. Thanks to this, you can quickly throw your opponent off balance.

To use these weapons, according to legal documents from 2022, a special permit was required. Currently, sellers claim that this pistol can be purchased without a license, citing changes in legislation. However, no one can name the exact names of the documents. Therefore, this issue needs to be clarified at the licensing and permitting department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs at your place of residence in order to avoid troubles.

The main advantage of this type of weapon, which can be purchased without permission, is:

1. Low cost.
2. Compactness of the device.
3. The gun is easy and simple to use.
4. He is able to scare off several attackers.

The main disadvantage is the possibility of blinding and stunning the shooter. This must be taken into account when using this weapon. Some experts recommend closing your eyes when you pull the trigger.

Species requiring licenses and permits

All of the above types of weapons are generally available to the population. But there are no less popular means of self-defense that require a license and special permits. Obtaining a license is possible upon reaching 18 years of age. Some conditions must also be met:

1. no criminal record or administrative offenses (within a year);
2. permanent registration on the territory of the Russian Federation;
3. certificate 046-1 from the clinic.

At the end you will have to pass an exam at the police licensing department.

For information on how to renew your weapons permit, read the article at the link.

Let's look at the most popular categories.

Powerful traumatic

Weapons loaded with rubber bullets are called traumatic and require a permit. It is designed to temporarily incapacitate an enemy, so its use for self-defense is legal, but requires a license.

What traumatic weapons can be purchased, but you must obtain permission and a license? When choosing an injury for self-defense, pay attention to the following points:

1. High-quality and simple design guarantees reliability in use.
2. Size – choose a model that is comfortable to handle and wear.
3. Magazine capacity varies from 7 to 10 rounds, depending on the model.

Pros:

• compactness;
• similarity to real weapons.

Minuses:

• if hit in the neck or face, it can cause serious harm to the health of the attacker, then you will be held responsible and prove the legality of your actions;
• in the cold season it may be useless due to a thick layer of clothing.

Gas

The combination of compactness and firepower in this type of weapon makes it the most popular means of self-defense. The principle of operation of the gun is similar to a gas spray, but the jet is much denser and operates at a distance of about 5 meters.

Pros:

• Externally, it is very similar to real prototypes of military weapons; the effect of surprise can work.
• Possibility to use at a safe distance from the attacker.

Minuses:

• Adverse weather conditions – if the wind blows in your direction, you will also suffer. A strong wind can prevent you from hitting your target.
• Not recommended for use in enclosed spaces.

Pump-action shotgun

Pump-action guns are an excellent option for protecting your home and property , but they require a license. Easy to care and handle. The pump has a magazine for 4-8 rounds.

Pros: the charge carries enormous energy, which guarantees a high stopping effect.

Disadvantages: you should keep a distance so as not to cause serious harm to the health of the attacker.

Household knives

When answering the question of what weapons can be purchased without a permit, mention should be made of knives. True, not all of them fall into this category. Many knives are considered to be edged weapons. As you know, it requires appropriate permission. Before purchasing any knife, you must read the documentation that comes with it.

It indicates whether the item is a melee weapon or not. Currently, in our country, those knives are prohibited whose blade length is more than 90 cm, as well as those that have an automatic ejection of the blade. The knife should be used with extreme caution in critical situations. For self-defense, it is more difficult to use than, for example, a gas spray.

In what situations can it be used?

Jurisprudence defines the necessary conditions for application as critical when there is a specific threat to life. For example, a drunk neighbor decided to practice shooting at your windows. Or cheerful “guests” broke into your apartment, but not for tea and coffee, but for the purpose of robbery with the accompanying infliction of moderate and serious bodily harm.

Even in these cases, strictly follow the specific rules:

1. Warning. It doesn’t matter how exactly you can convey to your opponent information about the fact of using a means of self-defense. This could be a clear verbal signal, “I have a gun! I will shoot! or a visual demonstration of cocking the bolt, loading the weapon.
2. Direct shot. It is definitely not recommended to shoot traumatic cartridges at the head, closer than 1 meter. The choice is small - these are limbs (legs) or the body. In this case, the offender should not receive any serious injuries, especially injuries incompatible with life.
3. "Call a friend." When the situation is resolved, dial “102” and wait for the patrol to arrive. He will have to talk about everything that happened, without hiding the details.

Unfortunately, what is so beautiful in abstract situations looks a little different in concrete ones.

1. Moment one. While you loudly warn an aggressive client about the use of a weapon, he has plenty of opportunities to use it himself. Or stab you with a knife. So choose: stay alive and explain yourself to the police, or do “everything according to the rules” and be dead.
2. Second moment. The representatives of the Ministry of Internal Affairs who rushed in will be very skeptical about the facts presented (especially if there are no witnesses). There is a real chance of getting into a situation of “exceeding self-defense.”
3. The third moment. Do not touch the shell casings or the attacker’s weapon under any circumstances! And it is better to report what happened not only to the police, but also to friends, relatives, and a lawyer you know. The information provided will help avoid annoying mistakes, as well as the prospect of reclassification from a participant in the incident to the accused.

Flare gun

Many people wonder what weapons can be purchased without a permit, so that later there will be no problems with the law. Flare guns are devices that are also included in the list. True, not all models. This self-defense weapon is used only to exert a psychological impact on the aggressor. In most cases, flare guns are sold only with a license.

However, if the caliber of a weapon is less than 4.5 mm, it does not require registration. Therefore, you are not required to have a license to carry it. Weapons intended for self-defense have up to 5 rubber cartridges in the drum. Its average shot range can reach 7 meters.

Nuances of acquisition and storage

Legal acquisition of trauma equipment alone is not enough. There are several important conditions that must be observed:

• You must have a safe to store your pistol and a holster;
• register with the LRO within two weeks. For this, the necessary documentation and a pistol in a holster are provided;
• The license is valid for five years. Three months before its expiration, the document must be renewed, otherwise the permit will be automatically canceled after six months;
• Carrying a weapon while intoxicated or without a holster, as well as storing it outside a safe, will result in criminal liability and imprisonment for up to two years.

That is, by purchasing a traumatic weapon, a citizen takes responsibility for fulfilling the necessary safety requirements.

Spear gun

It is an element of underwater equipment. The Ministry of Internal Affairs does not issue certificates for its storage, carrying, or even transportation. Therefore, answering the question of what weapons can be purchased without a permit, one should also mention an underwater gun. However, nowadays there are quite often cases where customs officers, as well as fisheries inspectors, illegally detain fishermen who have such a device.

There are some requirements regarding the use of this type of weapon:

• It must be intended for spearfishing only.
• Under no circumstances should it be used in crowded areas, such as beaches.
• It is imperative to store, carry, and transport the underwater gun in a special case.

Renewal of permit

The license is issued for 5 years; after the document expires, possession of a weapon is considered illegal. Therefore, you should begin the renewal procedure in advance, 2-3 months in advance.

To re-register, apply to the same authority (OLRR, police) that issued the permit. The same set of documents is prepared as for the initial application. Additionally, employees will request:

• expiring license;
• weapons to check their technical condition.

The need for repeated studies is decided individually. Usually, if there are no fines or incidents of improper storage or use, you will not have to learn again.

In some cases, a citizen may be refused an extension - this is a malfunction of the pistol, or the commission of an offense.

A gas pistol can help a person defend his life in the event of an attack. But any weapon is potentially dangerous for the owner himself. Particular care should be taken to ensure that children and other household members are not harmed, that the pistol should be stored correctly, and that it should only be used when absolutely necessary.

How to choose a self-defense product

When figuring out what weapons can be purchased without a permit, many people pay attention to the knife. Of all the means for self-defense, it is the most accessible and cheapest. However, please note that some knives require a permit. When purchasing any model, you should definitely check whether special documents are needed for this. Currently, there are a huge number of different self-defense products on the market.

To choose the most suitable weapon for yourself, you should familiarize yourself with several recommendations:

1. You should trust only trusted manufacturers. For example, if we consider an ordinary cheap Chinese spray can, then its effectiveness is in question.
2. When choosing pepper or gas spray, you need to pay attention to its service life. Expired devices should not be used under any circumstances.
3. Stun guns and pepper sprays for self-defense are the simplest and most affordable means. They do their job very well. In addition, they are reliable and very compact.
4. A knife for protection is the safest means, but also less convenient. To use it, you must have certain skills. If you do manage to wound your opponent, it can cause the latter to bleed seriously. Unfortunately, there are situations when the wounds turn out to be incompatible with life, so the enemy dies. The person who defended himself from the attack becomes a murderer. According to the laws of our country, he is imprisoned for up to 2 years.

All this must be taken into account when choosing a means of self-defense. Weapons must be purely individual. Before purchasing, you need to familiarize yourself with its characteristics, main advantages and disadvantages. Only after comparing all the pros and cons can you buy the product.

Permit Process

Authorities issuing weapons permits act in accordance with the regulations prescribed in Federal Law No. 210 of April 27, 2012. When applying for a permit, the following documents are required:

• passport (identity card) – original, photocopies of completed pages;
• photos – color, size 3x4, 2 pieces;
• application – handwritten or printed;
• medical certificate (002-o/u) - with a positive decision of the commission;
• receipt of payment of state duty.

In large cities, the issuance of licenses is handled by the OLRR, which you should contact. If there is no such institution, the police issue permission.

Persons registered on the State Services portal can submit an application electronically. To do this, select the “Security and Order” tab and sequentially fill out the proposed fields. The system will display a message telling you when and where you need to come to bring paper documents.

Regardless of the method of filing an application, government authorities will review and verify all data within 30 days and issue a decision. Only after the issuance of a permit can you legally purchase a gas pistol.

After the purchase, the citizen is required to appear within 14 days to register the weapon. The pistol data is included in the license, and from now on you can use the weapon legally.

Recommendations from experts

It is best to avoid dangerous situations that will lead to the need to defend yourself. However, in other cases they are inevitable. Experts advise:

1. Take a short self-defense course, where you will learn the basic rules of defense. This will significantly increase the chances of a successful outcome.
2. Don't panic, be decisive, hide your fear.
3. Focus on the psychological factor, try to scare the attacker with one type of weapon (even before using it).
4. Aim correctly. A failed shot will anger the aggressor even more.
5. Check the condition of the weapon regularly. Then at the right time it will not fail.

We looked at what weapons for self-defense can be purchased in Russia without a license or permit.

Gas cartridges and aerosols

The gas canister is considered the most popular device that can be purchased for self-defense without a license or permission. Depending on what it is filled with, there are nerve-paralytic devices, pepper devices and gas devices. It has gained popularity among women because it does not require any special skills to use, it is light in weight and easily fits, for example, in a handbag.

The only requirement for carrying it with you is reaching the age of majority.

The principle of using a gas spray is quite simple: you need to spray gas or aerosol in the direction of the enemy. Buying such a device is quite simple, not only because of the lack of accompanying permits, but also because of the low price.

The canister has a purely psychological advantage. If not everyone can shoot a traumatic pistol at a living target, then using such a device is easier from a psychological point of view.

Based on the type of spray, gas cans are divided into aerosol and jet.

• Aerosols release a fine liquid, similar to a suspension. The radius of its destruction is, as a rule, small. In strong winds, it may be ineffective, and the aerosol often gets into the eyes and respiratory system of the owner.
• An alternative is an inkjet can. When sprayed, it releases a jet of liquid that has a larger blast radius and is more resistant to wind.