Do I need a permit for an air pistol by law, documents

• March 3, 2020
• Legislation
• Natalia Evdokimova

Many people are interested in whether a license is needed to purchase pneumatic weapons or not. In this article we will try to answer this question. The Federal Law “On Weapons” states that permission must be obtained only if you plan to purchase a combat unit whose caliber exceeds 4.5 mm and its muzzle energy exceeds 7.5 J.

Airguns

Many people wonder what a pneumatic license is. The most precise definition of this concept is contained in the Federal Law “On Weapons” (Article 1). Pneumatics is a device that allows you to remotely hit a target using a projectile fired using the energy of compressed or liquefied gas. The weapons currently on sale can be divided into several categories:

1. For self-defense.
2. Hunting.
3. Official.
4. Sports.

If you look at it in percentage terms, then about 75% of the combat units that are on sale are intended for hunting and self-defense.

Education

There are educational organizations that provide training on the rules of safe use of weapons. They can be found by advertisements posted near gun stores or permitting points. You should call the selected offers and compare the cost.

You can choose an organization at your own discretion, but before agreeing to take a training course, you must ask for a copy of the organization’s certification document to conduct weapons handling classes for subsequent exams.

The training course includes the following stages:

1. Theoretical part . Participants are told about the provisions of the law “On Weapons” and other regulations, compliance with which is mandatory when owning weapons, and are told about penalties for violations. Describes the rules for the safe use of pneumatics in all situations. The cases when the use of weapons is permissible by law are listed.
2. Practical part . A short tour is provided to help the owner of an air gun be able to use it correctly. Demonstrative assembly and disassembly of various types of pneumatics is carried out. Participants are taught basic gun maintenance, which includes regular cleaning and lubrication. Additionally, a short course is conducted in which teachers talk about the principles of first aid for injuries of any severity.

Is permission required or not?

Before purchasing an air gun, you need to familiarize yourself with its technical characteristics in advance. The fact is that some types of it require a special certificate. In another way it is called a license for pneumatics.

A permit is not required in cases where the weapon has certain characteristics specified in the Federal Law of the Russian Federation. You do not need a license for an air gun if:

1. Shot power less than 7.5 J.
2. Caliber no more than 4.5 mm.

If both indicators exceed this standard, special permission is required for such a combat unit. If this requirement is violated, the citizen may be subject to administrative liability. He will have to pay a fine, and his combat unit will be confiscated by law enforcement agencies. This is provided for in Article 20.8 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. The fine is up to 2,000 rubles.

Without a license and permit, air guns must have a power of 7.5 J or less. This parameter is indicated in the accompanying documents for the product. These should be reviewed before purchasing a pistol or shotgun.

A little about pneumatics with power up to 3 J

According to the law, civilian weapons include products with a power from 3 to 25 J, and all products with a muzzle energy less than specified are not taken into account. However, we would like to dwell in more detail on the rules for operating less powerful pneumatics - there are also some nuances that must be observed.

Purely theoretically, such pneumatics are nothing more than a toy, which means you can carry them anywhere. But externally, a weapon with a power of less than 3 J usually completely copies its firearm counterpart, which means that at first glance it may seem that you have a real military weapon with you. You can get into an awkward situation when going through metal detectors. And if you want to give a “toy” to a child, keep in mind that you definitely can’t take it to school!

Of course, since such pneumatics are not considered real weapons, there are no age restrictions on their purchase. But think about what could happen if a child hits another schoolchild in the eye - in this case, the parents will bear administrative responsibility.

Carrying and purchasing weapons with a power of up to 3 J is within the limits of the law, however, the possession and use of such products must be approached with responsibility and caution. If used incorrectly, pneumatics can cause big problems for its owner. This will happen in the following cases:

• shooting from pneumatics with a power of less than 3 J in unsuitable places: on the street, in populated areas, unequipped premises, etc.
• if you threaten another person with such a product. Such an action will be classified as hooliganism and may entail real criminal liability.
• if other people suffer from actions with such weapons, no one will pay attention to its power: depending on the harm caused, their own punishment will be assigned.
• if you decide to use pneumatics in protected and protected natural areas - so if you decide to shoot somewhere in the mountains, it is better to first find out who owns this area.

Examples of air guns with power less than 3 J:

Air pistol Stalker S1911G (colt) 4.5 mm

Buy air pistol Stalker S1911G (colt) 4.5 mm

Stalker S1911G is an air pistol that is one of the latest new models from Stalker in 2015. This gun has excellent quality and at the same time low cost, due to the fact that it is made in China. This product was created taking into account many years of experience in the production of air guns and customer requests.

Air pistol Gletcher APS-P (APS) 4.5 mm

Buy air pistol Gletcher APS-P (APS) 4.5 mm

Gletcher APS-P is a budget version of the Stechkin pistol (APS). The body is made of very durable plastic, which reduces cost and weight. The mechanism remains the same, so the initial shot speed also reaches up to 130 m/s. The shutter here is stationary, shooting is carried out by self-cocking. Due to the use of plastic, the weight of the pistol has been reduced - about 505 grams, which allows you to shoot for quite a long time. There is also a reliable safety lock to prevent a sudden shot.

Air rifle GAMO Whisper X

Buy GAMO Whisper X air rifle

Gamo Whisper X is a new product among air spring-piston rifles, featuring an original design. The model is single-shot, like other modifications of this class, there is only one cartridge in the barrel, reloading is carried out by breaking the barrel. The barrel of the rifle is made of high-quality weapon steel, but here it is placed in a plastic casing, which gives the weapon greater aesthetics and ergonomics.

Pneumatic revolver Gletcher NGT F Silver (Nagant) 4.5 mm

Buy pneumatic revolver Gletcher NGT F Silver (Nagant) 4.5 mm

Pneumatic Gletcher NGT Silver is new for 2012! In continuation of the well-known revolver series with false cartridges, the Gletcher NGT pneumatic revolver was manufactured, which replicates the legendary classic Nagan. All weight and size characteristics here coincide with the original firearm. The special cheeks of the model’s handles are stylized as wood.

The NGT F Silver model replaced the old version at the end of 2016; the main difference is a modified fuse with an increased resource and level of reliability.

Air rifle GAMO Delta Fox GT 4.5 mm

Buy air rifle GAMO Delta Fox GT 4.5 mm

GAMO Delta Fox GT is a lightweight air rifle with a spring-piston mechanism. The model did not have the highest technical characteristics, but is incredibly popular due to its good quality for ridiculous money. In Europe, the demand for this rifle is incredibly high; in recent years, Russian shooters have also been able to appreciate the model.

Weapon parameters

Let's look at the main characteristics of pneumatics. The passport data of each model indicates its muzzle energy. It could be like this:

• Up to 3 Joules.
• 7.5 Joules.
• 25 Joules. This model is the most powerful air gun. You cannot purchase it without a license.

The next characteristic is the caliber. The most common are:

• 4.5 mm, 5.5 mm;
• 6.35 mm;
• 7.62 mm;
• 9 mm.

Pneumatic type:

1. Spring-piston type weapon.
2. Gas-type pneumatics.
3. Multicompression.

Air guns for hunting without a license can only be purchased if the caliber does not exceed 4.5 mm. This means that you can only shoot from it at small rodents and birds. If you plan to hunt larger animals, such as foxes, low-power pneumatics will not be suitable. Weapons with other characteristics require a license.

Is permission required to purchase and store traumatic weapons?

To purchase pneumatics with certain parameters, a special certificate is required - in accordance with Article No. 13 of the Federal Law-150 of December 13, 1996 . A permit is not required for the following characteristics:

• caliber, mm – less than 4 ½ ;
• shot power, J – less than 7 ½ .

Pneumatic parameters without a license

You should know: if any of the above indicators, or both are present at once, permission is required. Otherwise, the citizen will be brought to administrative responsibility. A fine is imposed and the combat unit is confiscated. The issue is regulated by Article No. 20.8 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation . The fine is no more than 2 thousand rubles

If the pistol caliber is less than 7.5 J, a license is not required.

It is advisable for the future owner to understand the algorithm for calculating the power of the shot. This implies a value calculated using the school formula:

Ek = m×v2/2 , where

m – bullet mass in kilograms;

v – initial speed, m/s;

There is no point in doing the calculation yourself. You can use a calculator.

How can I get permission?

Many novice hunters ask how to get a license for an air gun. To do this, you must contact the licensing department at your place of residence.

If a citizen is under 21 years of age, he will not be given permission to purchase a combat unit. An exception is made only for persons 19 years of age who have completed military service. Such people are usually issued a license for air guns.

The entire process of processing documents for obtaining a permit consists of the following stages:

1. It is recommended to undergo training and courses at a specialized center.
2. Get a medical certificate. And for this you need to visit a narcologist and a psychiatrist. It is recommended to do this at your place of registration.
3. Fill out the application form. The form is established at the state level.
4. Pay the state fee.
5. Go to the police department and submit all documents to the licensing and permitting department.

Purchase

In the store, the buyer is required to present a passport and a license to purchase a certain type of weapon. After this, the buyer fills out one of the duplicate licenses and issues the future owner with a technical passport and the selected equipment.

Within two weeks, the pneumatics must be registered with the licensing department where the license was issued. And this department will prepare a permit to carry and store weapons.

Find out how to renew your weapons permit in the article at the link.

License Renewal

We found out whether you need a license for an air gun. But what if it has already expired? In this case, the license is extended. To do this you need:

1. Compose your application correctly.
2. Provide a list of documents. These include: a medical certificate, a receipt for payment of the state fee and a certificate of completion of training in a specialized center.
3. Within 10 days, a decision is made allowing or prohibiting the renewal of the license.

The permit is valid for each weapon for 5 years. It is very important to renew it in advance. Approximately three months before the expiration of the license, you must fill out an application for renewal and prepare a package of documents.

After all stages have been completed, the certificate itself is issued. The first page of the document contains the personal data of the weapon owner, as well as the date and place of issue of the document. On the second page, marks are placed on the purchase of combat units.

Owner's responsibility

In case of violation of the rules regarding the use of weapons, the following liability arises:

• administrative - a fine or community service can be chosen as punishment (Administrative Code of the Russian Federation);
• criminal - threatens the violator with a large fine or imprisonment (Criminal Code of the Russian Federation).

For information on penalties for those who have overstayed their weapons permit, see the article at the link.

The process of obtaining permits for air guns is quite complex and energy-consuming. There are many weapons on the shelves of specialized stores that do not require a license or permit. But if you want to purchase something more serious and so that law enforcement agencies do not have grounds for complaints, you should take care of the legal registration of pneumatic equipment.

What documents will be required

As stated above, in order to obtain a license to purchase weapons, you must contact the licensing department. The following documents must be provided:

1. Application for a license. To do this, you need to fill out a special form.
2. A document that proves your identity. It could be a passport. You must provide the original and photocopies.
3. Medical certificate in form 046-1. It should contain the marks of such specialists: narcologist, ophthalmologist, psychiatrist and therapist. As for the medical commission, it can be passed at any certified institution. However, before doing this, you must inquire whether this medical institution issues this certificate. It happens that you need to visit several dispensaries, for example, drug treatment and psychoneurological. A lot depends directly on the medical center where you plan to obtain the appropriate certificate.
4. Photos in the amount of 2 pieces. Their size should be 3x4.
5. If you are purchasing a pneumatic weapon for the first time, you must provide a certificate stating that you have completed special training, during which you were able to test your knowledge of the rules for handling weapons. Persons who already have permission to carry firearms, as well as those who have completed military service, do not need this certificate.
6. Receipt for payment of state duty.
7. If the weapon was purchased for hunting purposes, you must provide a hunting license. You can order it on the State Services portal. To apply for such a ticket, you must provide a similar package of documents, that is, exactly the same as for pneumatics.

If you plan to purchase a sports pneumatic weapon, for example, for sports, then you must provide a document confirming the fact that its owner is a member of a particular sports society. It is also necessary to submit a petition specifying the details of the sports organization, as well as the type of sport in which the applicant for a weapon is involved.

A medical certificate in form 002 implies a mandatory examination by the following specialists: psychiatrist, narcologist, ophthalmologist and therapist. It is best to contact a medical institution that is officially registered about this. Otherwise, you will need to see a psychiatrist and a narcologist separately.

Submitting an application: how to complete it?

In the upper right corner of the application it is indicated that it is being sent to the GUOOOP of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia or the territorial body of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The full initials of the head of the department are written. Below you should indicate from whom the application is being sent. Enter your full name and full residential address.

The main part of the application follows the established template. A list of types of weapons for the use of which a person wishes to obtain permission is presented.

In this video you will be introduced to the rules for storing weapons by civilians at your place of residence.

In the case of pneumatics, you will need to emphasize hunting or sports pneumatic weapons. The chosen type of pneumatics should be emphasized.

If this application is approved, a person will not have problems either with the purchase or with the lawful use of pneumatics. Also, permission is immediately issued not only for the weapon itself, but also for suitable cartridges for it.

Read more: How to pay a loan if the card is expired Sberbank

Who can't buy pneumatics?

It is worth noting that not all citizens have the right to obtain a permit to purchase pneumatic weapons. This is provided for in article number 13 of Federal Law No. 150.

The prohibition applies to the following persons:

1. Those serving sentences for crimes committed.
2. Registered in psychiatric and/or drug treatment clinics.
3. Persons with medical contraindications.
4. Having a criminal record for serious and especially serious crimes.
5. Not having permanent registration on the territory of the Russian Federation.
6. Persons against whom a court decision was made on the inadmissibility of using or acquiring combat units.

In addition, if a person has been repeatedly brought to administrative responsibility for actions committed out of hooligan motives, for example, for violating public order, he may also be denied a special permit. The same applies to persons involved in the illicit trafficking of various psychotropic drugs.

Consequences of purchasing a weapon without a license

Using air guns without a license is a crime. Punishment is provided for in administrative and criminal legislation.

Often, the discovery of illegal use of a weapon leads to a fine, but sometimes law enforcement officials decide to confiscate the airgun. In rare cases, the penalty includes placing a person in custody.

Article 20.6 of the Code of the Russian Federation regulates liability for carrying and storing weapons without a license, along with the destruction of ammunition and weapons in an improper manner, in the form of a fine in the amount of 500-2000 rubles.

Articles 119 and 222 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation provide for more significant preventive measures in the form of a large fine or temporary imprisonment.

Cancellation of licenses

Permission to purchase weapons may be revoked. This is permitted in the following cases:

1. A voluntary refusal was issued.
2. Failure to comply with the rules for storing a combat unit.
3. Death of a citizen.
4. If your hunting license has expired.
5. If a corresponding court order has been issued.

How to store air guns at home

It is very important to follow the rules for storing pneumatic weapons. The entire combat arsenal must be placed in a specially equipped safe and only at the place of permanent registration of the owner of this weapon. That is, you cannot keep, for example, a gun in a friend’s safe. If the owner of a weapon fails to ensure restriction of access to it by unauthorized persons, then the person automatically loses the right to own this combat unit.

After a person has purchased a weapon, a local police officer comes to him and checks that all storage requirements are met. Based on the results of its audit, an inspection report is drawn up.

Requirements for the safe

It must be bolted to the wall indoors. Thanks to this method of fastening, it will be possible to eliminate the possibility of theft. The following requirements apply to the safe:

1. It must be fire resistant.
2. Made of metal.
3. The wall thickness should not be less than 2 mm.
4. The castle is a must. It can be coded or with a key. This is necessary in order to prevent theft of weapons.

In addition, you need to know the rules for the location of the safe. They are as follows:

1. The distance between heating radiators and other heat sources should not be less than 1 m.
2. The distance to the nearest window is at least 50 cm.

It is best to purchase a safe in Israel or Germany. Such products have quite a lot of special sections for ammunition, pneumatics and equipment. As for cheap Chinese safes, it is better to avoid them.

Police officers sometimes deliberately provoke the owner to violate the rules. During their visit, they may ask the person's relatives to provide them with a combat unit for inspection. Under no circumstances should this be done. Close relatives do not have the right to this. If you violate this rule, the owner of the combat unit may have his license revoked. Only he himself has the right to open the safe. In addition, the owner of the combat unit will be held administratively liable for violating the rules.

Air guns for self-defense

Many people buy pistols to protect themselves and their loved ones. If the purchased weapon has a power of up to 7.5 J and its caliber is less than 4.5 mm, then it can be used without a license.

As for the use of weapons for self-defense, it is permitted if the following conditions are met:

1. If there is a real threat to the life and health of the owner.
2. If you have the right to carry and use this weapon.
3. Before opening fire, the shooter must inform the attackers. These are the rules.

Under no circumstances should you shoot at the following people:

1. Women.
2. Disabled people.
3. Minors, even if attacked by multiple people.